How to Get a CNA Certificate & License to Become a Nursing Assistant for 2025?

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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The role of a certified nursing assistant (CNA) is essential in the healthcare system, providing hands-on care and support to patients in various health settings. However, to enter this rewarding career, obtaining the proper certification and licensing is a must. These credentials ensure that nursing assistants have the necessary skills and knowledge to provide safe and effective care. 

This article will guide you through the entire process of becoming a CNA, from choosing a training program to passing the certification exam and obtaining your license. Whether you're starting a new career or looking to enter the healthcare industry quickly, this step-by-step guide will provide everything you need to know to become a certified nursing assistant in the United States.

Key Things You Should Know About Getting a CNA Certificate & License to Become a Nursing Assistant

• State-Approved Training Programs Are Required. Before taking the CNA certification exam, you must complete a state-approved nursing assistant training program offered by community colleges, vocational schools, and healthcare facilities.
• Certification Exam and Skills Assessment. After completing your training program, you must pass a state certification exam, which generally consists of two parts: a written test and a skills test. 
• Licensing Requirements Vary by State. Each state has its own licensing requirements, including background checks, fingerprinting, and additional training. 
• Renewal and Continuing Education. CNA licenses are not permanent; they typically need to be renewed every one to two years. Many states require CNAs to complete continuing education hours or show proof of employment in the field to maintain an active license. 
• Employment Opportunities and Career Growth. Once certified and licensed, CNAs can work in hospitals, nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and home healthcare agencies. With experience, CNAs can pursue further education to become licensed practical nurses (LPNs) or registered nurses (RNs), opening the door to more advanced career opportunities in healthcare.

Table of Contents

1. What is a nursing assistant?
2. What are the steps to becoming a nursing assistant and getting a CNA certificate and license for 2025?
3. What do you need to know about the CNA exam?
4. How do I choose the best nursing assistant program?
5. How long does it take to become a certified nursing assistant?
6. How much does it cost to become a nursing assistant and obtain a CNA certificate?
7. What skills are essential for certified nursing assistants?
8. What advanced educational opportunities can boost a CNA’s career?
9. Can Accelerated Programs Help CNAs Advance Their Careers?
10. What legal and ethical standards shape the role of CNAs?
11. How can CNAs balance work commitments while pursuing further education?
12. Can CNAs Transition to Specialized Mental Health Roles?
13. How does technology reshape the CNA role?
14. What is the salary and job outlook for certified nursing assistants?
15. What are the career advancement opportunities for certified nursing assistants?
16. What are the challenges most commonly faced by certified nursing assistants?
17. Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Nursing Assistant and Getting a CNA Certificate

What is a nursing assistant?

A nursing assistant, commonly known as a CNA when they obtain certification, is a vital member of the healthcare team. CNAs provide direct, hands-on, compassionate, and timely care to patients in various medical settings, including hospitals, nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and home healthcare. They work under the supervision of registered nurses (RNs) or licensed practical nurses (LPNs) to ensure patients receive essential care and support.

Nursing assistants play a crucial role in improving patient well-being by assisting with daily activities and ensuring their comfort. Common responsibilities include:

• Helping patients with basic personal care, such as bathing, dressing, and grooming.
• Assisting with mobility, including transferring patients from beds to wheelchairs.
• Measuring and recording vital signs like blood pressure, temperature, and heart rate.
• Providing emotional support and companionship to patients.
• Assisting nurses with medical procedures and reporting any changes in a patient’s condition.

Nursing assistants serve as the frontline caregivers in many healthcare settings. But if you are looking for the best places to work as a nurse assistant, the table below provides insight regarding the industries or sectors with the highest level of employment for CNAs.

What are the steps to becoming a nursing assistant and getting a CNA certificate and license for 2025?

A nursing assistant may be one of the easiest nursing jobs as it requires only basic nursing skills and entails the least amount of training. However, becoming a CNA still involves a series of important steps, from education to certification and licensing. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you navigate the process:

Step 1: Meet the Basic Requirements

Before enrolling in a CNA training program, you must meet certain eligibility criteria. These typically include:

• Being at least 16 to 18 years old (depending on state requirements).
• Having a high school diploma or GED (in some states, this is not required).
• Passing a background check and health screening, including immunizations and a tuberculosis (TB) test.

Step 2: Enroll in a State-Approved CNA Training Program

You must complete a state-approved CNA training program, which is offered by community colleges, vocational schools, and healthcare facilities. These programs typically last 4 to 12 weeks and include:

• Classroom instruction on medical terminology, patient care, and safety protocols.
• Hands-on clinical training in a healthcare setting to develop essential nursing skills.

Step 3: Pass the CNA Certification Exam

After completing your training, you must pass the CNA certification exam, which consists of two parts:

• Written Exam: Tests your knowledge of nursing principles, patient care, and healthcare ethics.
• Skills Test: Requires you to demonstrate hands-on nursing skills, such as measuring vital signs, assisting with mobility, and providing personal care.

Each state has specific testing agencies that administer the exam. You must pass both sections to become certified.

Step 4: Apply for Your CNA License

Once you pass the certification exam, you need to apply for your CNA license through your state’s nursing board or regulatory agency. This may involve:

• Submitting an application and paying a licensing fee.
• Providing proof of certification and completing a background check.
• Registering with the state’s CNA registry, which allows employers to verify your credentials.

Step 5: Start Your Career as a CNA

After obtaining your license, you can start applying for CNA positions in hospitals, nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and home healthcare agencies. Many healthcare employers actively seek certified nursing assistants due to the growing demand for patient care professionals.

Step 6: Maintain and Renew Your CNA License

CNA licenses typically need to be renewed every one to two years, depending on state requirements. Renewal often requires:

• Completing a minimum number of work hours as a CNA.
• Completing continuing education courses to stay updated on best practices.
• Submitting a renewal application and paying any necessary fees.

What do you need to know about the CNA exam?

To become a certified nursing assistant, you must pass a state-approved certification exam that tests your knowledge and practical skills in patient care. The most widely used CNA certificate exam in the United States is the National Nurse Aide Assessment Program (NNAAP), which is administered in 17 states to evaluate nursing assistant candidates.  

The NNAAP is designed to assess whether candidates have the necessary skills and knowledge to provide safe and effective care to patients. The exam is managed by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) and is administered by testing agencies such as Pearson VUE. 

Structure of the CNA Exam

The CNA certificate exam consists of two main parts:

Written (or Oral) Exam. The written portion includes multiple-choice questions that cover essential nursing knowledge, including patient care procedures, infection control, ethical considerations, and communication skills. Some states offer an oral version of the test for those who have difficulty reading English. This version includes an audio component with questions read aloud.

Skills Evaluation (Practical Exam). The skills test requires candidates to demonstrate hands-on nursing skills in a clinical setting. Candidates are typically tested on five randomly selected skills from a list of 20–30 common CNA skills, such as:

• Measuring and recording vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, temperature).
• Assisting patients with mobility (transferring, repositioning).
• Performing personal care tasks (bathing, dressing, feeding).
• Infection control procedures (hand hygiene, proper glove use).

A nurse evaluator observes and grades the performance of each skill to ensure proper technique and patient safety.

How to Prepare for the CNA Exam

• Complete a state-approved CNA training program to ensure you learn all required skills.
• Use CNA study guides and practice tests to familiarize yourself with the exam format.
• Practice hands-on skills regularly, especially those that are commonly tested.
• Understand state-specific requirements, as some states may have slight variations in exam procedures.

Passing the Exam and Next Steps

To become certified, you must pass both the written and skills portions of the exam. If you fail, most states allow you to retake the exam within a certain timeframe (e.g., within two years of completing your CNA training). Once you pass, you will be added to your state’s Nurse Aide Registry, allowing you to legally work as a CNA.

Successfully passing the CNA exam is a crucial step toward launching your career as a nursing assistant. Preparing thoroughly and understanding what to expect will increase your chances of success and help you enter the healthcare workforce with confidence.

Once you pass the exam, you will join the ranks of CNAs in the USA. The image below shows the number of nursing assistants employed in the country.

How do I choose the best nursing assistant program?

Selecting the right nursing assistant training program is a crucial step in your journey to becoming a CNA. With many programs available at community colleges, vocational schools, and healthcare facilities, it’s important to choose one that meets state requirements and provides quality education. Here are key factors to consider when selecting the best CNA program:

• Ensure the Program Is State-Approved. Each state has specific requirements for CNA certification, so it’s essential to choose a state-approved program. Programs that are not approved may not qualify you to sit for the certification exam, which could delay your career progress. You can check your state’s nursing board website to verify approved programs.
• Consider Program Length and Schedule. CNA programs typically last between 4 to 12 weeks, depending on the institution and whether you choose full-time or part-time study. Consider accelerated programs if you want to enter the workforce quickly and flexible schedules (evening, weekend, or online options) if you have other commitments, such as a job or family responsibilities.
• Look for Hands-On Clinical Training. A strong CNA program includes both classroom instruction and clinical training. Practical, hands-on experience in a hospital, nursing home, or assisted living facility is essential for building the skills required for patient care. Programs that offer real-world training with experienced nurses will better prepare you for the CNA exam and your future job.
• Check Certification Exam Pass Rates. Programs with high CNA exam pass rates indicate strong curriculum quality and effective instruction. Many schools publish their students' pass rates, or you can ask the program administrator for this information. A high success rate suggests that the program thoroughly prepares students for certification.
• Compare Tuition Costs and Financial Aid Options. CNA training programs vary in cost, typically ranging from $500 to $3,000, depending on the institution and location. Consider Community colleges and vocational schools, which often have lower tuition than private institutions; employer-sponsored programs, such as hospitals and nursing homes that offer free CNA training in exchange for a work commitment; and financial aid and scholarships, which may be available through federal or state funding, nonprofit organizations, or healthcare facilities.
• Read Reviews and Ask for Recommendations. Student reviews, testimonials, and recommendations from healthcare professionals can provide valuable insights into the program’s quality. If possible, talk to current or former students about their experiences with coursework, instructors, and clinical training.
• Evaluate Job Placement Assistance. Some CNA programs offer job placement services, career counseling, or partnerships with local healthcare employers. These resources can help you secure a job quickly after certification, so it’s worth choosing a program that provides employment support.

For those who are interested, prison warden qualifications are also critical for individuals pursuing a career in corrections. Similar to the CNA process, meeting the qualifications and gaining hands-on experience in a related field helps ensure that you are fully prepared for the responsibilities of a prison warden.

When considering becoming a CNA, you need to understand that it is a predominantly female profession. In 2022, women comprised 1,205,469 of the overall workforce while men only made up 153,907 of the total nursing assistants employed. This chart gives you a better picture:

How long does it take to become a certified nursing assistant?

The time required to become a certified nursing assistant depends on several factors, including the length of the training program, state requirements, and the time it takes to complete the certification exam. On average, the process can take 4 to 12 weeks, making it one of the fastest ways to enter the healthcare field.

CNA Training Program Duration

Most state-approved CNA training programs take 4 to 12 weeks to complete. The exact length depends on:

• Full-time vs. Part-time Programs: Full-time programs can be completed in as little as 4 to 6 weeks, while part-time or evening classes may take 8 to 12 weeks.
• Online vs. In-Person Training: Some programs offer online coursework combined with in-person clinical training, which may allow for a more flexible schedule but still requires hands-on practice.
• State Requirements: Each state has a minimum number of training hours (typically 75 to 150 hours) that must be completed before taking the certification exam.

CNA Certification Exam Timeline

Once you complete your training, you must register for and pass the CNA certification exam. The timeline for this step includes:

• Exam Scheduling: Some states allow you to take the exam immediately after training, while others may require a waiting period of a few weeks.
• Results Processing: Depending on the state and testing agency, you may receive your exam results within a few days to a couple of weeks.
• Licensing Approval: After passing the exam, you must apply for a CNA license from your state’s nursing board. This process usually takes a few days to a few weeks, depending on background checks and state processing times.

Overall Timeline to Become a CNA

From enrolling in a training program to receiving certification and a license, the entire process can take as little as 6 weeks or up to 6 months, depending on your schedule and state requirements. Here’s a general breakdown:

• CNA Training: 4–12 weeks
• Exam Scheduling & Preparation: 1–4 weeks
• Certification & Licensing Approval: 1–4 weeks

Just as becoming a CNA has clear steps to follow, the steps to becoming a private investigator also involve specific training and certifications. In both cases, structured programs provide the necessary foundation for professionals to begin their careers efficiently.

Fast-Track and Free CNA Programs

Some healthcare facilities, such as nursing homes and hospitals, offer the quickest way to become a nurse assistant through accelerated CNA programs. These allow students to complete training in 2 to 4 weeks. Additionally, employer-sponsored CNA training programs may provide free training in exchange for a work commitment, which can help fast-track your career.

How much does it cost to become a nursing assistant and obtain a CNA certificate?

The cost of becoming a certified nursing assistant varies depending on the training program, exam fees, and state licensing requirements. On average, you can expect to pay between $500 and $3,000 for the entire process, though there are ways to reduce or even eliminate costs through employer-sponsored programs and financial aid.

CNA Training Program Costs

How much does nursing school cost for aspiring CNAs?  The largest expense in becoming a CNA is the cost of the training program. Prices can vary based on factors like the institution, program length, and location:

• Community Colleges & Vocational Schools: $1,000 – $3,000 (may include textbooks and exam fees)
• Nursing Homes & Hospitals: Some offer free training in exchange for a work commitment.
• Online CNA Programs: $500 – $2,000 (some require additional in-person clinical training fees).

CNA Exam Fees

Once you complete training, you must take the CNA certification exam, which typically costs between $80 and $200, depending on your state and testing agency. Some states include both the written and skills exam fees in one payment, while others charge separately.

State Licensing and Registration Fees

After passing the CNA exam, you must apply for a state license and placement on the Nurse Aide Registry. The costs include:

• State Licensing Fees: $50 – $200 (varies by state).
• Background Check & Fingerprinting: $20 – $50 (some states require this as part of the application process).
• CPR Certification (if required): $30 – $100.

Additional Costs

Depending on your program, you may have additional expenses, such as:

• Textbooks & Study Materials: $50 – $150.
• Uniforms & Supplies (Scrubs, Stethoscope, Shoes): $50 – $200.
• Health Screenings & Immunizations: $50 – $300 (some programs require proof of vaccinations and TB tests).

How to Reduce Costs

If cost is a concern, there are several ways to minimize expenses:

• Employer-Sponsored Training: Many nursing homes, hospitals, and home healthcare agencies offer free CNA training in exchange for working with them for a set period.
• Financial Aid & Scholarships: Some community colleges offer grants or tuition assistance for CNA students.
• Workforce Development Programs: State-funded workforce training programs may cover part or all of your CNA training costs if you qualify.
• Military & Veteran Benefits: Some programs offer tuition assistance for military members, veterans, and their families.

If you want to know whether becoming a CNA is worth it in terms of your return on investment, look into how much you would earn and measure it against the costs you incur. The image below shows the average wage of nursing assistants.

What skills are essential for certified nursing assistants?

Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) play a vital role in patient care, requiring a combination of technical, interpersonal, and physical skills to perform their duties effectively. These essential skills ensure that CNAs provide safe, compassionate, and efficient care in hospitals, nursing homes, and other healthcare settings.

Patient Care and Basic Nursing Skills

CNAs are responsible for assisting patients with daily activities and basic medical tasks, including:

• Bathing, dressing, and grooming patients to maintain hygiene and comfort.
• Helping patients with mobility by repositioning them in bed, assisting with transfers, and using wheelchairs or walkers.
• Measuring and recording vital signs, such as blood pressure, temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate.
• Assisting with feeding and monitoring dietary intake for patients who need help eating.
• Observing and reporting changes in a patient’s condition to nurses or doctors.

Communication and Interpersonal Skills

Strong communication is crucial for CNAs as they interact with patients, families, and healthcare teams. Key skills include:

• Active listening to understand patients’ needs and concerns.
• Clear verbal and written communication for documenting patient conditions and reporting to nurses.
• Empathy and compassion to provide emotional support and reassurance to patients.
• Teamwork and collaboration to work effectively with nurses, doctors, and other healthcare staff.

Just as CNAs must master communication to build trust and deliver quality care, professionals in other people-focused careers, like sales, also depend on strong interpersonal abilities. Learning how to become a sales representative highlights the importance of clear communication, persuasion, and client relationships—skills that overlap with the caregiving profession in many ways.

Infection Control and Safety Procedures

CNAs must follow strict infection control protocols to ensure a safe environment for patients and staff. Essential skills include:

• Proper hand hygiene and the correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
• Sterilization and cleaning of medical equipment to prevent the spread of infections.
• Following safety procedures to prevent falls, injuries, or medical errors.

Time Management and Organization

CNAs often care for multiple patients, making time management a crucial skill. They must:

• Prioritize tasks efficiently, ensuring all patients receive timely care.
• Keep detailed records of patient activities and health updates.
• Stay calm under pressure, especially in fast-paced environments like hospitals or emergency rooms.

Physical Stamina and Strength

CNAs perform physically demanding tasks that require:

• Lifting, repositioning, and transferring patients, sometimes with minimal assistance.
• Standing and walking for long periods during shifts.
• Performing repetitive movements, such as bending and reaching, while assisting patients.

What advanced educational opportunities can boost a CNA’s career?

Certified nursing assistants seeking to expand their scope of practice and elevate their professional standing can explore advanced education programs tailored to transition into higher-level nursing roles. Pursuing additional certifications, enrolling in Licensed Practical Nurse or Registered Nurse programs, and engaging in bridge programs can offer enhanced clinical responsibilities and improved earning potential. For instance, candidates interested in streamlining their progression into specialized practice might consider enrolling in programs such as the RN to FNP bridge pathway, which is designed to facilitate the transition from an ADN to a Master of Science in Nursing with a focus on family practice. Such educational advancements not only diversify skill sets but also open doors to leadership and specialized care roles in the evolving healthcare landscape.

Can Accelerated Programs Help CNAs Advance Their Careers?

Accelerated education pathways offer CNAs a streamlined route to gain advanced clinical skills and transition into higher-level roles. These programs incorporate targeted coursework, intensive clinical practicums, and focused mentoring to build on core patient care experience. They provide a structured environment for rapid career progression and help professionals meet evolving healthcare demands. For a comprehensive overview of how such pathways can expedite your advancement into roles like nurse practitioners, consider exploring a nurse practitioner accelerated program.

What legal and ethical standards shape the role of CNAs?

Certified nursing assistants must navigate a complex landscape of legal and ethical standards that safeguard patient welfare and ensure accountability. Adherence to regulations such as HIPAA protects patient privacy, while compliance with state and federal mandates ensures that informed consent and mandatory reporting protocols are rigorously followed. CNAs are expected to maintain professional boundaries and exercise cultural competency in every interaction. A clear understanding of these standards not only mitigates legal risks but also reinforces quality patient care. For CNAs considering an advancement into broader clinical roles, organizations and educational pathways, such as the RN to BSN online fast programs, offer deeper insights into legal and ethical practices in healthcare.

How can CNAs balance work commitments while pursuing further education?

Certified nursing assistants often need to manage shift work alongside academic goals. Developing a clear schedule, seeking employer-sponsored educational benefits, and considering part-time or flexible learning options can improve the chances of success. Leveraging programs with online coursework or hybrid formats allows CNAs to maintain professional responsibilities while progressing academically. For those exploring alternative routes into advanced nursing roles, reviewing online MSN programs for non nurses can be an effective strategy to align work and study.

Can CNAs Transition to Specialized Mental Health Roles?

Certified nursing assistants can leverage their clinical experience to explore advanced roles in mental health care. Many professionals transition from CNA positions to specialized fields by pursuing further education and targeted certifications. This pathway not only builds on practical patient care but also prepares CNAs for the complex demands of mental health settings. Evaluating program quality and financial considerations is essential. For instance, professionals interested in advancing their careers in psychiatric care may explore programs that offer comprehensive curricula and cost-effective options, such as the cheapest online psych NP program. This approach can help CNAs transition effectively into specialized mental health roles while expanding their scope of practice and improving long-term career prospects.

How does technology reshape the CNA role?

Emerging digital advancements are transforming essential patient care tasks and administrative processes for CNAs. Integrating electronic health record systems, telehealth platforms, and mobile applications enhances communication and streamlines workflows, resulting in improved accuracy and reduced errors in clinical settings. Moreover, staying abreast of technological trends not only refines daily practices but also opens new avenues for professional development. Exploring online educational pathways, such as accelerated nurse practitioner programs for non-nurses online, can equip CNAs with advanced digital competencies and support their transition into higher-level roles within the evolving healthcare landscape.

What is the salary and job outlook for certified nursing assistants?

CNA is far from being one of the highest paying nursing jobs in the country. However, it is a great entry point into the healthcare field, offering stable employment and opportunities for career advancement. Salaries vary based on location, experience, and workplace setting, but demand for CNAs remains strong across the country.

Average CNA Salary

The average annual salary for CNAs in the United States is $39,600, according to recent data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). However, actual pay can vary based on factors such as:

• Experience Level: Entry-level CNAs may start around $13–$15 per hour, while experienced CNAs can earn $18–$22 per hour or more.
• Geographic Location: States with a higher cost of living, such as California and New York, tend to offer higher wages for CNAs.
• Work Setting: Pay rates may differ depending on the workplace. Those working in hospitals can earn $35,000–$42,000 per year (higher pay and better benefits), those in nursing homes and assisted living facilities can earn $28,000–$35,000 per year, those in home health care services can earn $29,000–$38,000 per year, and those in government facilities can often have the highest-paying CNA jobs, earning up to $45,000 annually.

Job Outlook and Demand for CNAs

The demand for CNAs is expected to grow steadily in the coming years. The BLS projects a 4% job growth from 2023 to 2033, with approximately 216,200 new jobs each year over that 10-year period. 

Several factors contribute to this strong demand:

• Aging Population: As the baby boomer generation continues to age, there is an increasing need for healthcare workers in nursing homes, assisted living centers, and home health care.
• Expanding Healthcare Industry: The rise of long-term care facilities, rehabilitation centers, and home healthcare services is driving demand for CNAs.
• High Turnover Rates: CNA positions often have high turnover due to physically demanding work, leading to frequent job openings and hiring opportunities.

The chart below shows the five top-paying states in the country for CNAs.

What are the career advancement opportunities for certified nursing assistants?

Becoming a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) is an excellent first step in the healthcare field, offering numerous opportunities for career growth. With additional training, education, and certifications, CNAs can advance into higher-paying and more specialized healthcare roles.

Advancing to a Licensed Practical Nurse or Registered Nurse

Many CNAs use their experience as a stepping stone to become LPNs or RNs, which offer increased responsibilities and significantly higher salaries.

• LPN Programs: Typically take 12–18 months and offer an average salary of $50,000–$60,000 per year.
• RN Programs: Require 2–4 years, depending on whether you pursue an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) or a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN). RNs earn an average salary of $75,000–$90,000 per year.
• Many LPN and RN programs offer CNA-to-LPN or CNA-to-RN bridge programs, allowing CNAs to apply their experience toward their nursing education.

Specializing in a Healthcare Field

CNAs can enhance their skills and job prospects by obtaining additional nursing certifications in specialized areas, such as:

• Geriatric Nursing Assistant (GNA): Focuses on elderly care, often leading to jobs in nursing homes or hospice care.
• Certified Medication Aide (CMA): Allows CNAs to administer medications under supervision, increasing job responsibilities and pay.
• Patient Care Technician (PCT): Expands CNA skills to include phlebotomy (drawing blood) and EKG monitoring, offering more job opportunities in hospitals.
• Home Health Aide (HHA): Specializes in assisting patients in their homes, often working with long-term care or hospice patients.

Transitioning into Healthcare Administration

For CNAs interested in the administrative side of healthcare, career paths include:

• Medical Assistant (MA): Works in clinics and doctor’s offices, handling both patient care and administrative duties.
• Health Unit Coordinator: Manages hospital or nursing home records, scheduling, and patient care coordination.
• Case Manager or Healthcare Supervisor: With additional education, CNAs can transition into roles overseeing patient care plans and managing healthcare teams.

Teaching and Training Roles

Experienced CNAs can take on mentorship and training roles, such as:

• CNA Instructor: Teaches CNA training courses at vocational schools or community colleges.
• Clinical Supervisor: Oversees CNA students during their hands-on clinical training.

What are the challenges most commonly faced by certified nursing assistants?

While being a certified nursing assistant is a rewarding career, it also comes with challenges. CNAs play a crucial role in patient care, but the job can be physically, emotionally, and mentally demanding. Understanding these challenges can help CNAs prepare and develop strategies to manage them effectively—whether they plan to stay in the field long-term or explore alternative roles in public service, such as the probation officer career path.

• Physically Demanding Work. CNAs are on their feet for long hours and often perform physically strenuous tasks, including lifting and repositioning patients, which can lead to back and muscle strain; standing, walking, and bending throughout shifts, sometimes without adequate breaks; and handling medical equipment and assisting patients with mobility. As such, it is important that you practice proper body mechanics, use assistive devices, and stay in good physical health to prevent injuries.
• High Workload and Time Management Pressure. CNAs are responsible for multiple patients at once, leading to heavy workloads, especially in understaffed facilities; limited time for individual patient care, causing stress and frustration; and juggling multiple tasks, including assisting with hygiene, feeding, and vital sign monitoring. This, you need to be able to develop strong time management skills, prioritize tasks, and communicate with the healthcare team so you can manage your workloads more effectively.
• Emotional and Mental Stress. Working closely with patients—especially those who are elderly, chronically ill, or in hospice care—can be emotionally challenging. CNAs may experience emotional strain from witnessing patient suffering or death, compassion fatigue from constantly caring for others while neglecting self-care, and difficult interactions with patients or families dealing with stress, pain, or cognitive decline (such as dementia patients). This is why it is important to practice self-care, seek support from colleagues, and set emotional boundaries.
• Low Pay and Limited Career Advancement Without Further Education. While CNAs provide essential healthcare services, their salaries are often lower compared to other medical professionals. Challenges include lower wages than LPNs and RNs, limited job growth without additional education or certifications, and high turnover rates due to workplace conditions and compensation concerns. To address this and earn higher pay and achieve career growth, pursue specialized certifications (such as medication aide or patient care technician) or continuing education (LPN/RN programs).
• Exposure to Illness and Workplace Hazards. Working in healthcare environments exposes CNAs to infectious diseases, including flu, COVID-19, and other illnesses; workplace injuries from slips, falls, or improper lifting techniques; and needlestick injuries or exposure to bodily fluids. These can be avoided by following proper infection control protocols, wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), and staying up-to-date on vaccinations.

Here’s What Nursing Assistants Have to Say About Obtaining Their CNA Certificate

• Becoming a certified nursing assistant was one of the best decisions I’ve ever made. The hands-on training prepared me for real-life patient care, and earning my certification opened doors to job opportunities right away. Knowing I make a difference in my patients’ lives every day is the most rewarding part of my career. Josie
• The CNA certification process was challenging but incredibly worthwhile. I learned essential skills, from taking vital signs to providing compassionate care, and I was able to start working in the healthcare field in just a few months. Every shift reminds me why I chose this path—to bring comfort and dignity to those who need it most. James
• Studying to become a CNA gave me the confidence and knowledge to work in a fast-paced hospital setting. The training helped me develop patience, resilience, and empathy, which are just as important as medical skills. My certification has not only given me job security but also a meaningful career that I’m truly proud of. It has also become a great foundation for my dream to become an RN. Aubrey

Key Findings

• As of 2023, approximately 1.35 million individuals are employed as CNAs in the United States.
• The overall employment of nursing assistants and orderlies is projected to grow 4% from 2023 to 2033. This is about as fast as the average employment growth rate for all occupations.
• The median annual wage for nursing assistants is $38,200, or $18.36 per hour. The lowest 10% of earners among nursing assistants make less than $30,020 per year while highest 10% make more than $48,780 per year.
• Nursing care facilities employ 33.25% of nursing assistants, the biggest share of CNAs employed.
• The CNA profession remains predominantly female, with men comprising just over 11% of the workforce.
• The CNA profession experiences high turnover, often attributed to the physically and emotionally demanding nature of the work, as well as relatively low compensation compared to other healthcare roles.
• Many CNAs use their experience as a foundation to pursue further education and advance to roles such as LPN or RN, which offer higher salaries and expanded responsibilities.

Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Nursing Assistant and Getting a CNA Certificate

Can I complete CNA training online?

Some CNA programs offer online coursework, but clinical training and hands-on experience must be completed in person. Hybrid programs allow students to complete theoretical lessons online while attending in-person lab sessions and clinical rotations. It’s important to check state requirements, as some states may not accept fully online CNA training.

Can I work as a CNA while studying to become a nurse?

Yes, many nursing students work as CNAs to gain hands-on experience and financial support while pursuing their degrees. Working as a CNA can provide valuable exposure to patient care, making the transition to LPN or RN programs easier. Some employers even offer tuition reimbursement or educational benefits for CNAs advancing their careers.

Can I transfer my CNA certification to another state?

Yes, many states allow CNAs to transfer their certification through a process called reciprocity. This typically requires submitting an application, verifying your current certification, and sometimes passing a state-specific exam. However, requirements vary by state, so it’s important to check with the state’s nursing board before moving.

Do CNAs need to pass a background check?

Yes, most states and employers require CNAs to pass a background check before working in healthcare settings. The check typically includes criminal history, abuse registries, and sometimes drug testing to ensure patient safety. Certain offenses may disqualify applicants, but some states allow waivers or appeal processes depending on the circumstances.

References:

• Data USA. (2023). Nursing Assistants. DataUSA.io. 
• United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024, April 3). Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics: 31-1131 Nursing Assistants. BLS. 
• United States Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024, August 29). Occupational Outlook Handbook: Nursing Assistants and Orderlies. BLS.