How to Become a Counselor for 2025: A Step-by-Step Guide

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Each year, one in five Americans battles mental illness. In 2021 alone, over 41.7 million adults in the United States sought mental health counseling. This explains why counselors are vital to our society. But you’re probably wondering how to become a counselor. Our researchers dove deep into this career path to put together this guide. Here, I give you the requirements for a career in counseling, from educational paths and certification requirements to career opportunities and potential earnings. The aim is to determine if this is the right path for you and to guide you in starting it.

Key things you should know about becoming a counselor

Counselors are integral in providing mental health support, evidenced by 47.6 million U.S. adults who sought counseling in 2022.
The job market for counselors is expanding rapidly, with an anticipated 18% growth in employment from 2022 to 2032 for substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors alone.
Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors have a promising salary outlook, with a median annual wage of $53,710, and the potential to exceed $86,030 annually for those at the top of the field.
Public institutions offer most CACREP-accredited counseling programs (60.24%), indicating the accessibility of quality education for aspiring counselors.
Given the robust job outlook and meaningful personal fulfillment reported by graduates, pursuing a degree in counseling is a worthwhile investment for those committed to mental health care.

What is a counselor?
What does a counselor do?
How to Become a Counselor
What are the licensing requirements for counselors?
What are the career prospects of a counselor?
How much does a counselor make?
What skills should counselors have?
What qualifications are employers looking for in counselors?
How can aspiring counselors accelerate their education and training?
What are alternative careers for graduates of counseling degrees?
What is the earning potential for addiction recovery counselors?
What advanced career opportunities can elevate a counselor’s professional trajectory?
How can counselors integrate telehealth and digital tools to expand their practice?
Is a counseling degree worth it?
How can counselors prevent burnout and maintain well-being in their profession?
Should I pursue an LCSW or LPC for my counseling career?
How does location impact grief counselor salary?
What specializations are available for counselors in terms of faith-based counseling?
What are the financial considerations for online counseling programs?
How can I choose an affordable substance abuse counseling degree program?
Benefits of Online School Counseling Programs
Other things you should know about becoming a counselor

What is a counselor?

A counselor is a dedicated professional who supports and guides individuals, couples, families, or groups to improve their mental health, achieve career goals, or navigate educational challenges. They utilize various established mental health methods, techniques, and ethical standards to provide nonjudgmental and compassionate care. If you're considering this career path, understanding how to become a counselor is crucial.

Counselors are more than just advisers; they are trained to handle various emotional and psychological issues. Counselors play a critical role in enhancing their client's quality of life by fostering communication and resolving conflicts. This role is vital in various settings, from private practice to community centers. If you're interested in pursuing this rewarding career, exploring the best colleges online can provide you with the educational foundation you need to succeed.

Here's What Graduates Have to Say About Their Career as Counselors

Pursuing my counseling degree opened up a world of possibilities for me. It not only equipped me with the skills needed to support and understand others but also allowed me to grow personally. Now, as a counselor, I find deep fulfillment in helping my clients navigate their challenges and improve their mental wellness. -Charita
Earning my degree online in counseling was incredibly flexible, allowing me to balance my studies with my personal life effectively. The comprehensive training and real-world application prepared me well for the complexities of this career. Today, I am proud to make a significant impact in my community as a counselor. -Jasper
The journey to becoming a counselor through my degree was transformative. The courses were not only informative but also deeply engaging, fostering a true sense of empathy and understanding within me. Now, I apply these insights daily, helping individuals to achieve better mental health and resilience. -Cherry

What does a counselor do?

A counselor provides empathetic support and professional guidance to people facing mental health challenges, helping them navigate their lives more easily and confidently. They create safe spaces for clients to explore their feelings and experiences, devising therapeutic interventions that promote healing and personal growth. If you're considering this impactful career, grasping the process of how to become a counselor, especially through a specialized discipline like social work, is crucial.

Key responsibilities of a counselor include:

Assessing clients' mental health needs through detailed evaluations like tests and assessments.
Crafting personalized treatment plans that may involve various therapeutic techniques.
Facilitating individual or group therapy sessions to address specific issues.
Continuously collaborating with other health professionals ensures a cohesive patient care approach.
Maintaining accurate records and confidentiality of client information.

This role requires a deep commitment to helping others and a thorough understanding of human behavior, making it a vital profession in promoting mental health and community well-being.

How to Become a Counselor

Becoming a counselor typically begins with a bachelor's degree, often in psychology, It can also be a related field such as a human services degree. Following this foundational education, the next step is a master's degree in counseling from an accredited institution, a requirement for licensure in most states.

Here's a simplified path to the counseling profession:

Complete a Bachelor's Degree: Gain a strong educational foundation in a relevant field, ideally completing a program certified by the National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC), the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP), or a regional graduate education accrediting body.
Earn a Master's Degree: Specialize in counseling with a master's program, preferably from a college offering CACREP-accredited programs.
Gain Supervised Experience: Accumulate 2,000 to 3,000 hours of supervised clinical experience, as needed for licensure.
Obtain Licensure: Pass state-specific exams to earn the credentials to practice as a licensed counselor.
Pursue Continuous Learning: Engage in ongoing education to maintain licensure and stay abreast of the latest practices.

The chart below indicate that among the institutions offering CACREP-accredited programs, a majority are public colleges, emphasizing the accessibility of quality education in this field. Armed with a proper education and state licensure, counselors are equipped to guide individuals through life's complexities and contribute to the mental well-being of society.

What are the licensing requirements for counselors?

Licensing requirements for counselors in the United States are essential for maintaining professional standards and ensuring client safety. To become a licensed counselor, individuals must:

Hold a master’s degree in counseling or a related field.
Complete a specified number of hours of supervised clinical experience; the exact number can vary by state.
Pass a recognized counseling exam, such as the National Counselor Exam (NCE).
Submit an application to their state’s licensing board and pay the necessary licensing fees.

Obtaining a license is an important part of how to become a counselor. However, it doesn’t end there. After obtaining a license, counselors are required to engage in continuing education to keep their knowledge up to date and maintain licensure. This can include attending workshops, seminars, or furthering their qualifications with advanced degrees or specialized certifications.

For more detailed and state-specific licensing information, counselors should consult their state’s licensing board or a professional organization like the National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC).

What are the career prospects of a counselor?

Counselors have a bright future in terms of career prospects. The demand for counseling professionals is on the rise, and with it, the opportunity for specialization, such as becoming a substance abuse counselor, is expanding. If you're interested in this fulfilling career, diving into the steps on how to become a counselor is your starting point.

Here’s a snapshot of the job outlook for different counseling roles:

Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors: Projected employment growth of 18% from 2022 to 2032.
School and Career Counselors and Advisors: Anticipated to see a 5% increase in job opportunities.

These statistics not only underscore the importance of the counseling profession but also highlight the diverse avenues available for those wishing to make a difference in others' lives.

How much does a counselor make?

Counselors make a meaningful impact through their work and are compensated with salaries that reflect their valuable contributions. To understand the potential earnings in this profession, it’s key to look at different counseling roles and the industries they work in. Here’s a snapshot of what counselors earn on average, according to May 2023 data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics:

Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors have a median annual wage of $53,710.
School and career counselors earn a median annual wage of $61,710

These wages can vary significantly depending on the industry:

Hospitals often pay substance abuse counselors a higher median wage of $59,090.
For school counselors, working in elementary and secondary schools can mean a median wage of $71,700.

The table below shows you a comparison of the salaries of various counselor roles.

What skills should counselors have?

Counselors should be well-equipped with a variety of skills to effectively guide and support their clients. Communication skills are paramount; being able to express oneself clearly and understand others is essential in the counseling process. This includes not just verbal communication but also being concise and detailed in written documentation. A counselor must also master active listening, giving full attention to the client, and understanding their problems and values.

Here's a list of key skills counselors should develop:

Communication: Conveying information and ideas effectively.
Active Listening: Full attention and comprehension of the client's issues.
Crisis Intervention: Calm and rational problem-solving during stressful situations.
Empathy: Understanding the client's perspective.
Flexibility: Adapting to diverse client backgrounds and needs.

What qualifications are employers looking for in counselors?

Employers looking to hire counselors typically seek individuals with a strong educational background and relevant qualifications. At a minimum, a bachelor's degree in psychology, social work, or a related field is often required. However, a master's degree is increasingly becoming the standard, with many positions preferring or requiring this level of education for specialized counseling roles.

Here's what employers generally look for in terms of qualifications:

Communication: The ability to convey information clearly and persuasively is crucial. Effective counselors articulate ideas and complex feelings in a way that is easily understood and appropriate for the audience, whether it's clients, families, or other professionals.
Active Listening: This involves giving full, undivided attention to clients, understanding their verbal and nonverbal cues, and providing feedback that shows comprehension of their concerns, thus fostering a trustful therapeutic relationship.
Crisis Intervention: Counselors must swiftly evaluate crisis situations, respond with appropriate interventions to reduce distress, and effectively manage emergencies with a calm and focused approach to support clients in distress.
Empathy: Being empathetic requires the counselor to be sensitive to and understand the feelings of others, to view situations from the client's perspective, and to respond with compassion and insight.
Flexibility: A skillful counselor adapts techniques and approaches to fit the diverse backgrounds, cultures, and unique needs of clients, ensuring that therapy is tailored and responsive to individual differences.

The image below indicates that among counselors, 59% hold a bachelor's degree, demonstrating that while this is a common qualification, there is a significant move towards higher education. In fact, 18% hold a master's degree, which is often essential for clinical practice and higher-level counseling positions. As seen in the accompanying chart, out of 108,261 counselors, there is a clear educational trend, suggesting that investing in further education could be a critical step in how to become a counselor.

How can aspiring counselors accelerate their education and training?

For individuals eager to begin their counseling careers quickly, exploring expedited educational pathways is a strategic consideration. Accelerated and online programs provide a streamlined approach to earning the necessary degrees while maintaining flexibility for students managing other commitments.

One of the most efficient routes is enrolling in a fast-track program that offers condensed coursework without compromising academic rigor. These programs often incorporate competency-based education, allowing students to progress at their own pace by demonstrating mastery in specific areas. Candidates interested in this approach can explore the fastest online counseling degree options available. This pathway ensures that aspiring counselors can meet educational and licensure requirements within a shorter timeframe.

Moreover, supplementing accelerated degree programs with relevant internships or certification courses helps aspiring counselors gain practical experience early in their careers. This complementary blend of academic knowledge and real-world exposure can position graduates for success while reducing overall time to licensure. For those seeking a balance of quality education and speed, these alternatives present promising avenues in achieving their professional goals as counselors.

What are alternative careers for graduates of counseling degrees?

For graduates with counseling degrees considering different career paths, here are some viable alternatives along with brief descriptions:

Health Education Specialist: Designing and implementing programs that promote wellness ($62,860).
Marriage and Family Therapist: Helping couples and families navigate emotional and psychological challenges ($58,510).
Probation Officer: Monitoring and rehabilitating individuals on probation or parole ($61,800).
Psychologist: Researching and analyzing behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes ($92,740).
Registered Nurse: Providing patient care and educating the public on health conditions ($86,070).
Rehabilitation Counselor: Assisting people with disabilities to live more independently ($44,040).
School and Career Counselor: Guiding students through academic and career decisions ($61,710).
Social and Community Service Manager: Overseeing programs that serve the public ($77,030).
Social and Human Service Assistant: Supporting professionals in psychology, rehabilitation, and social work ($41,410).
Social Worker: Helping individuals cope with everyday problems ($58,380).

With skills in active listening, empathy, and communication, counseling graduates are well-suited for these roles. Each offers a different way to contribute positively to the lives of others, harnessing the core strengths of a counselor in unique settings. Expanding your qualifications, such as obtaining a doctorate degree in psychology, can further enhance career prospects and lead to specialized or higher-level opportunities.

What is the earning potential for addiction recovery counselors?

Addiction recovery counseling is emerging as a specialized field within mental health services, with targeted training and certifications setting it apart from traditional roles. Professionals in this area often benefit from a focused curriculum on substance dependency and evidence-based intervention techniques, which can lead to competitive compensation packages. Recent labor market insights indicate that salary benchmarks for addiction recovery counselors may exceed those in more generalized counseling careers. For precise industry figures and market trends, exploring careers in addiction recovery salary can provide valuable guidance. Aligning advanced certifications and continuous skill development with regional demand further enhances earning potential and professional growth.

What advanced career opportunities can elevate a counselor’s professional trajectory?

Licensed counselors can diversify their careers by pursuing specialized certifications, leadership roles, and entrepreneurial ventures. Transitioning into clinical supervision, academic teaching, or consultancy allows experienced professionals to impact mental health on broader scales. Engaging in targeted advanced training and joining professional networks can enhance one’s visibility in competitive markets without duplicating foundational education steps. Exploring opportunities that integrate therapeutic practices with strategic management may further position counselors as key opinion leaders in evolving healthcare environments. For streamlined educational insights and expedited pathways, consider how long does it take to become a therapist.

How can counselors integrate telehealth and digital tools to expand their practice?

Telehealth services and digital platforms have become indispensable in modern counseling, enabling professionals to reach clients beyond traditional office settings while maintaining strict privacy and data security standards. Counselors who integrate these digital tools often engage in specialized training to optimize virtual interactions, tailor therapeutic approaches for remote delivery, and utilize data analytics for tracking client progress. This technological competency not only bridges geographical gaps but also enhances service accessibility and efficiency. For those seeking to refine these skills, exploring programs recognized among the best online MFT programs may offer targeted curriculum and certification in digital therapy practices.

Is a counseling degree worth it?

Yes, a counseling degree is worth it for those who are passionate about making a significant impact on the mental and emotional well-being of others. The demand for mental health services remains high, as evidenced by the fact that in 2022, over 47.6 million adults in the United States sought mental health counseling. With such a substantial need, counselors play a crucial role in addressing the challenges faced by many Americans battling mental illness every year.

In terms of job outlook, the profession is experiencing robust growth, with an expected increase of 18% in employment from 2022 to 2032, which is much faster than the average for all other professions. Moreover, the median annual wage for substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors was $53,710 in 2023, with the potential to earn over $86,030 for top earners. These statistics underline not only the societal value of counselors but also the solid career opportunities and financial prospects that a degree in this field can offer. If you're contemplating how to become a counselor, now is a promising time to pursue this deeply fulfilling career path.

How can counselors prevent burnout and maintain well-being in their profession?

Counseling is a deeply rewarding career, but it also comes with significant emotional and psychological demands. Counselors frequently engage with individuals experiencing trauma, emotional distress, and mental health challenges, which can lead to counselor burnout. Therefore, it's essential to adopt strategies that promote self-care and well-being to maintain a long and effective career.

Here are some ways counselors can prevent burnout and take care of their mental health:

Set Healthy Boundaries: Establishing boundaries with clients helps prevent over-identification with their problems. Learning when to say no and maintaining a clear separation between work and personal life is key.
Engage in Regular Supervision: Ongoing supervision allows counselors to discuss challenging cases and receive support from more experienced colleagues, helping them process emotions and avoid feeling isolated in their work.
Pursue Continuing Education: Regularly attending workshops and courses can help counselors stay updated on new techniques and approaches, while also reigniting passion for the profession.
Practice Self-Care: Counselors should prioritize activities that rejuvenate them outside of work, such as exercise, hobbies, meditation, or spending time with loved ones.
Seek Peer Support: Building a network of professional peers offers emotional support, shared experiences, and advice on managing difficult aspects of the job.
Take Breaks and Use Vacation Time: Ensuring time off from work can help recharge emotionally and mentally, reducing the risk of long-term exhaustion.

Should I pursue an LCSW or LPC for my counseling career?

In choosing the appropriate licensure path, it is essential to evaluate differences in educational prerequisites, scope of practice, and long-term career opportunities. Licensed Clinical Social Workers often engage in a broader role that includes case management and community services, whereas Licensed Professional Counselors focus on providing specialized mental health interventions in various therapeutic settings. Determining which credential best aligns with your professional objectives can enhance both your practice and employment prospects. For a detailed comparison, see our guide Is LCSW or LPC better?

How does location impact grief counselor salary?

Grief counselor salaries are influenced by geographic location, with variations based on demand, cost of living, and regional needs. Understanding how geography affects grief counselor salary is essential when planning a counseling career. Consider the following factors:

Urban Areas: Higher salaries due to greater demand and higher living costs.

Rural Areas: Lower salaries due to fewer mental health professionals and reduced demand.

High-Cost Regions: Increased salary to match the cost of living in major cities.

Regional Demand: Areas with more healthcare facilities or higher populations may offer higher salaries for grief counselors.

What specializations are available for counselors in terms of faith-based counseling?

Counselors can explore various specializations, including faith-based counseling, which integrates spiritual beliefs and practices into the therapeutic process. For individuals interested in this area, learning how to become a Christian counselor can be a valuable pursuit. This specialization allows counselors to support clients in exploring their faith and spiritual values as part of their mental health journey, providing a holistic approach to counseling. Faith-based counseling can be particularly beneficial for clients who find comfort and strength in their religious beliefs, offering a unique perspective on healing and personal growth. By understanding the intersection of faith and mental health, counselors can provide more comprehensive and supportive services to their clients.

What are the financial considerations for online counseling programs?

When evaluating online counseling programs, it is crucial to assess tuition costs, available financial aid, and long-term return on investment. Prospective students should compare program fees, payment plans, and eligibility for scholarships or employer-sponsored reimbursements. In addition, considering the potential salary increase upon graduation can help determine the value of the investment. For a cost-effective pathway, refer to our guide on the most affordable online masters in mental health counseling to identify programs that balance quality education with economic feasibility.

How can I choose an affordable substance abuse counseling degree program?

When evaluating online substance abuse counseling degree programs, consider factors that ensure academic quality and career readiness. Review accreditation status and verify that the curriculum aligns with state licensing requirements and industry standards. In addition, assess program outcomes such as internship success rates and graduate employment statistics to gauge the real-world applicability of your chosen course. It is also important to compare tuition and fee structures while keeping an eye on program flexibility and available support services. For a cost-effective solution, learn more about an affordable substance abuse counseling degree online option designed to meet these criteria.

Benefits of Online School Counseling Programs

For aspiring counselors, balancing education with other life commitments can be a challenge. This is where online school counseling programs offer a unique advantage, combining flexibility with quality education. Here are some of the benefits:

Flexibility to Learn on Your Schedule: One of the most significant benefits of online school counseling programs is their adaptability. These programs often feature asynchronous coursework, enabling students to learn at their own pace. This flexibility is ideal for those juggling jobs, family responsibilities, or other personal commitments.
Access to Top Programs Nationwide: Geographical limitations no longer restrict your choice of education. Online school counseling programs allow students to enroll in renowned institutions across the country, opening doors to a broader range of specialized courses and experienced faculty.
Cost-Effectiveness: Online programs can be more affordable than traditional on-campus options. Students save on expenses such as commuting, relocation, and sometimes even tuition. These cost benefits make pursuing a degree more accessible to a wider audience.
Technology-Enhanced Learning: Modern online school counseling programs leverage cutting-edge technology, such as interactive modules, virtual simulations, and video-based lectures, to enhance the learning experience. These tools make studying engaging and ensure that students grasp practical counseling techniques effectively.

Other Things You Should Know About How to Become a Counselor

What is the difference between a counselor and a therapist?

The main difference between a counselor and a therapist lies in their practices' scope and their approaches. Counselors typically focus on specific issues or short-term problems, guiding individuals through career questions, academic difficulties, or life transitions. Their approach is often more practical and solution-focused. Therapists, on the other hand, may work with clients over a longer term, delving deeper into chronic or more complex psychological issues, often employing various psychotherapy methods to explore underlying patterns and behaviors.

While both counselors and therapists aim to improve mental health and well-being, therapists are generally trained to handle a broader range of mental health conditions and may have more extensive training, including a doctorate or specialized clinical experience. Counselors often have a master's degree and certifications tailored to specific areas, such as addiction or school counseling, providing targeted support within their expertise.

What degree do you need to be a counselor for a school?

To become a school counselor, one typically needs a master's degree in school counseling or a related field focusing on educational settings. This advanced degree should be from a program that provides specific training on working with children and adolescents within the school system, covering academic, career, and social development aspects. Most states also require school counselors to hold a state-issued credential, which can include certifications or licenses specifically for the educational sector.

In addition to the educational prerequisites, practical experience through internships or practicums, often in a school setting, is crucial. This hands-on experience is integral to the training process, ensuring that prospective school counselors are well-prepared to address the unique needs of students and the school community effectively. Continuous professional development is also encouraged to stay current with educational methodologies and the evolving dynamics within schools.

What school counselors make the most money?

School counselors who work in higher education settings, such as colleges and universities, tend to earn the most money. Additionally, school counselors employed in certain geographical areas, such as metropolitan cities or regions with higher living costs, may also receive higher compensation. The level of experience and additional responsibilities or roles, such as department leadership, can further influence earnings.

The salary for school counselors can vary widely, but according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, as of May 2023, the median annual wage for school and career counselors was $61,710. Those in the highest percentiles could earn significantly more, especially if they have pursued additional certifications, possess advanced degrees, or hold specialized roles within the school system that warrant higher pay.

What is the degree of psychology?

A psychology degree is an academic credential that involves studying the human mind and behavior. Undergraduate degrees in psychology, such as a Bachelor of Arts (BA) or Bachelor of Science (BS), provide a foundational understanding of psychological theories, brain function, and human behavior. These programs often include courses in research methods, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, and abnormal psychology.

Advanced degrees in psychology, such as a master's or doctorate, allow for further specialization and are typically required for clinical practice or academic research positions. Graduate programs dive deeper into specific areas like clinical, organizational, forensic, or educational psychology and involve more intensive research and practical clinical experience. These advanced degrees are essential for those seeking to become licensed psychologists or engage in high-level research or teaching roles.

How do counseling programs incorporate practical experience and supervision into their training?

Counseling programs incorporate practical experience and supervision through a combination of internships, practicum placements, and supervised clinical hours. Students engage in real-world counseling settings, such as schools, mental health clinics, and community organizations, where they apply theoretical knowledge to practice. These programs include one-on-one and group supervision by licensed professionals, offering guidance, feedback, and support. This structured, hands-on training helps students develop essential counseling skills, build professional confidence, and meet the requirements for state licensure and certification. Additionally, supervision ensures that students adhere to ethical standards and best practices in the field, preparing them for successful careers as counselors.

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