Information Technology vs. Computer Science: Explaining the Difference in 2025

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Many people still confuse Information Technology (IT) and Computer Science (CS), assuming they’re basically the same because both involve computers. This misunderstanding can lead to wasted time, mismatched degree choices, or pursuing the wrong career entirely.

In reality, IT and CS cater to very different goals: IT focuses on managing and maintaining technology systems for organizations, while CS emphasizes creating new software, algorithms, and computational tools. Both offer lucrative opportunities—IT roles like Information Security Analysts average $120,360 annually, while CS careers such as Software Engineers average $130,160. This expert-prepared guide will clearly explain the differences, so you can choose the right path with confidence.

Key Things You Should Know about Information Technology and Computer Science

Computer science emphasizes programming, algorithms, and software design, while information technology focuses on managing systems, securing networks, and supporting users.
Computer science degrees cover subjects like data structures, AI, and advanced mathematics, whereas IT programs teach network setup, cybersecurity, and IT project management.
Both fields offer high-paying jobs, but computer science leads to roles like software engineer and data scientist, while IT opens paths to positions such as systems administrator and security manager.

What is the difference between information technology and computer science?
What do information technology and computer science programs teach?
Which is easier to study: information technology or computer science?
What skills are needed for information technology and computer science?
How long does it take to get an information technology or computer science degree?
What careers can you pursue with an information technology degree?
What careers can you pursue with a computer science degree?
Is an online master’s in data science the right choice for IT and computer science graduates?
What is the return on investment for an IT or computer science degree?
Can IT and computer science skills drive innovation in biotechnology?
Which degree is better for cybersecurity careers?
What certifications help IT and computer science graduates?
Should you choose information technology or computer science based on career goals?
Other Things You Should Know About Information Technology and Computer Science

What is the difference between information technology and computer science?

The main difference between information technology and computer science lies in what each field focuses on and how professionals apply their skills.

Computer science centers on designing and developing computer systems and software. It involves learning how computers work from the inside out—using logic, algorithms, and programming languages. People in this field often build applications, create websites, or develop data systems that track user behavior.

Information technology, in contrast, focuses on making sure those systems run efficiently and securely. IT professionals install hardware, maintain networks, troubleshoot software, and ensure databases stay protected and up to date.

Key focus areas

Computer science: Programming, algorithms, software development, and system design
Information technology: Network setup, cybersecurity, hardware management, and tech support

While both fields are essential to the digital world, computer science builds the tools, and information technology ensures those tools work in real-world environments. Understanding these differences can help students choose a path that fits their interests and strengths.

What do information technology and computer science programs teach?

Information technology and computer science programs teach different skills based on the focus of each field.

Computer science programs concentrate on the theory and design of computing systems. Students learn how to write code, understand algorithms, and study the mathematics behind how computers operate. A typical bachelor’s program covers subjects like data structures, software engineering, and programming languages. Those who continue into a master’s program explore advanced topics like artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and complex system architecture.

Are you interested in becoming a computer science teacher? If so, you should check out computer science teacher salary and requirements.

Information technology programs focus more on the practical use of technology in business and organizational settings. Students are trained to manage systems, set up networks, and maintain secure digital environments. Undergraduate programs include coursework in IT infrastructure, systems analysis, and database management. At the graduate level, programs may emphasize leadership, strategic planning, and IT project management.

Although both paths require strong technical skills, their learning goals are different. If you're exploring further training, finding the best certification to get a job in computer science can also guide your career path.

Which is easier to study: information technology or computer science?

Information technology is generally considered easier to study than computer science because it focuses more on practical skills than complex theory.

IT programs emphasize hands-on learning, such as setting up networks, managing systems, and solving real-world tech issues. These tasks require strong problem-solving and organizational skills but typically don’t involve advanced math or abstract logic. Many students find the direct application of knowledge in IT easier to understand and more accessible, especially for those who prefer working with systems and support tasks.

Computer science programs, by contrast, demand a deeper understanding of programming, algorithms, and mathematical theory. Courses often involve abstract thinking, logic-based problem solving, and learning multiple programming languages. This academic rigor can be more challenging, especially for students without a strong background in math or computer logic.

However, what feels easier depends on personal strengths and interests. Students who enjoy programming, solving complex problems, and working on software development may find computer science more engaging despite its difficulty. Those who prefer maintaining technology and supporting users may feel more comfortable in information technology.

What skills are needed for information technology and computer science?

Both information technology and computer science require a mix of technical and soft skills, but the focus and application of these skills differ based on the field.

In computer science, professionals must be fluent in programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++. They need to understand how to build algorithms, write efficient code, and solve complex problems using logical thinking. Creativity and innovation are also vital, especially in fields like software development and artificial intelligence. Communication is important, too, as computer scientists often work in teams or present ideas to non-technical stakeholders. Ongoing learning is a must, as the field evolves rapidly with emerging technologies.

In information technology, the skill set leans toward managing and maintaining systems. IT professionals must understand hardware, software, networks, and basic cybersecurity practices. They should be strong troubleshooters, capable of solving technical issues quickly and effectively. Project management, adaptability to new tools, and clear communication are essential in day-to-day operations.

Students exploring either field might also want to understand the differences between cyber security and computer science degrees to see how security-related skills overlap and diverge across disciplines.

How long does it take to get an information technology or computer science degree?

It typically takes about four years to earn a bachelor’s degree in either information technology or computer science. However, the exact duration can vary depending on the program format, level of education, and whether the student studies full-time or part-time.

For computer science students, most start with a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science, which includes in-depth courses in programming, data structures, and software engineering. A master’s degree, often completed in an additional two years, can offer specialization in areas like artificial intelligence or advanced algorithms. Those pursuing research or academic careers may continue on to a doctoral program, which takes several more years.

In information technology, a bachelor's degree also usually takes four years. These programs focus more on applied skills such as network management, systems administration, and cybersecurity practices. Some students may choose to pursue associate degrees or attend accelerated programs, which can reduce the overall time commitment.

To boost job readiness, many students in both fields also pursue industry-recognized certifications alongside or after graduation. One such credential, the CCNA certification, is especially valued in IT for demonstrating networking skills and foundational technical knowledge.

What careers can you pursue with an information technology degree?

An information technology degree leads to a wide range of career options, from technical support roles to advanced engineering and cybersecurity positions. Entry-level jobs like help desk technician or computer support specialist typically start around $50,000 per year. As you build experience and specialize in areas like systems administration, cloud computing, or cybersecurity, your earning potential increases significantly.

Here’s a list of common IT roles with their average U.S. salaries:

Help desk technician – $49,992
Computer support specialist – $50,719
Product support specialist – $60,351
Desktop support analyst – $76,988
Systems administrator – $80,463
Systems analyst – $102,271
Database administrator – $100,669
Systems engineer – $106,800
DevOps engineer – $112,192
Scrum master – $114,318
Network/cloud engineer – $124,526
Site reliability engineer – $129,279
Big data engineer – $129,803
Information systems security manager (ISSM) – $132,108
Security architect – $143,059

Many of the top-paying roles are linked to fast-growing fields like cloud infrastructure, data engineering, and cybersecurity. For those aiming for leadership in the tech world, understanding how to become a chief technology officer can help shape long-term career goals.

Future trends

The demand for IT professionals continues to rise, especially in roles involving AI, cybersecurity, and cloud computing. These fields are projected to experience rapid growth due to increasing digital security needs and the expansion of cloud-based services. Professionals who stay current with industry tools and trends will be better positioned for high-paying and secure roles in the future.

What careers can you pursue with a computer science degree?

A degree in computer science unlocks a wide variety of career paths, from creative roles like animators and video game designers to technical fields such as cloud engineering and data science. Salaries tend to grow with specialization and experience, especially in areas like AI, cybersecurity, and systems architecture.

Here’s a list of common ComSci roles with their average U.S. salaries:

Health information technician – $49,601
Computer programmer – $68,620
Animator – $70,820
Webmaster – $61,267
Web developer – $77,791
Computer systems analyst – $79,891
Business analyst – $83,763
Video game designer – $76,887
Computer engineer – $82,917
Application developer – $86,803
Information security analyst – $90,425
Database administrator – $94,537
UX designer – $99,082
Software test engineer – $97,689
Computer and information systems manager – $96,173
Software developer – $108,896
Software engineer – $108,896
Cloud engineer – $121,261
Data scientist – $119,380
Knowledge engineer (AI) – $100,908
Computer network architect – $129,566

You may also want to consider being a software tester, which has less rigorous requirements than a software developer and engineer. Check out software tester salary here.

Some of the highest-paid positions involve building infrastructure or working with large-scale data. For a closer look at how fields like data science compare to traditional programming, see this data science and computer science programs comparison.

Future trends

Careers in computer science are expected to grow significantly due to rising demand for AI systems, cloud-based solutions, and data-driven decision-making. Fields like machine learning, cybersecurity, and software engineering are especially promising for future professionals. With tech evolving rapidly, those who continuously build skills and adapt to new technologies will stay in high demand.

Then there's bioinformatics. Bioinformatics sits at the intersection of biology, computer science, and statistics, making it ideal for individuals who enjoy solving complex problems using technology. What jobs can you get with a bioinformatics degree? We have a separate article on the topic.

Is an online master’s in data science the right choice for IT and computer science graduates?

For IT and computer science professionals looking to diversify their expertise, pursuing an online master’s in data science offers a competitive edge. This advanced program provides analytical and technical proficiency that integrates seamlessly with established IT or CS skills, enhancing capabilities in machine learning, predictive analytics, and big data management. Prospective students can review the cheapest data science masters in USA to assess cost-efficient options that align with their career growth objectives.

What is the return on investment for an IT or computer science degree?

Evaluating the long-term financial benefits of an IT or computer science degree involves analyzing not only tuition costs and potential student debt but also future salary prospects, career advancement opportunities, and industry demand. Graduates should assess program quality, reputation, and job placement rates while comparing how quickly they can recoup their educational expenses. Recent trends indicate that targeted educational routes, including fast track online technology degree programs, may offer accelerated career entry and competitive salaries. Employers increasingly value practical experience and a demonstrable commitment to continuous learning, which can improve return on investment over time.

Can IT and computer science skills drive innovation in biotechnology?

Leveraging expertise in IT and computer science can open pathways to interdisciplinary opportunities beyond traditional tech roles. Graduates may apply their technical and analytical skills to solve complex problems in biotechnology, such as streamlining research data management, developing advanced diagnostic algorithms, or enhancing systems security in healthcare environments. This emerging trend reflects a growing collaboration between technology and the life sciences, where professionals who can bridge these fields are in high demand. For more details on exploring such opportunities, refer to careers in biotechnology.

Which degree is better for cybersecurity careers?

Both computer science and information technology can lead to careers in cybersecurity, but computer science is typically the better choice for roles that require deep technical expertise. This includes jobs like security engineer, penetration tester, or cryptographer—positions where strong programming skills, algorithmic thinking, and understanding of systems architecture are critical.

However, an IT degree is a solid option for entry-level positions, especially those focused on network administration, system monitoring, or support. These roles often lead to more advanced positions over time and are ideal for those seeking cybersecurity careers with no experience.

Choose based on your goals

Computer Science is better if you want to build or break secure systems, work in threat detection, or specialize in security software development.
Information Technology is better if you prefer working with existing systems, managing networks, or enforcing security policies and protocols.

Ultimately, either path can lead to a cybersecurity career—what matters most is gaining hands-on experience, certifications, and continuing to build specialized knowledge in the field.

What certifications help IT and computer science graduates?

Certifications play an important role in both information technology (IT) and computer science careers by validating skills, enhancing expertise, and increasing job prospects. While the specific certifications needed may vary depending on the career path, both fields have widely recognized credentials that can help graduates stand out in the competitive job market.

Certifications for IT Graduates

IT professionals can boost their employability and skills with these key certifications:

CompTIA A+: Basic certification for IT technicians, focusing on hardware, networking, and troubleshooting. There are affordable online CompTIA A bootcamps affordable for you.
Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA): Ideal for those interested in network administration, as it validates networking skills.
Microsoft Certified: Azure Fundamentals: Validates knowledge in cloud services and solutions, increasingly important in modern IT environments.
Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH): Focuses on penetration testing and ethical hacking, helping IT professionals build cybersecurity skills.
Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP): A higher-level certification for those focused on IT security and risk management.

Certifications for Computer Science Graduates

Computer science professionals, especially those interested in software development, cybersecurity, and data science, may consider these certifications:

Certified Information Security Manager (CISM): Focuses on IT security management, ideal for those who want to oversee security infrastructure.
AWS Certified Solutions Architect: This certification focuses on cloud computing and architecture, particularly for AWS environments.
Google Professional Data Engineer: A highly regarded certification for computer scientists pursuing careers in data science and machine learning.
Oracle Certified Java Programmer: For those interested in software development, this certification shows proficiency in Java, one of the most used programming languages.
Certified Software Development Professional (CSDP): For computer scientists who wish to demonstrate expertise in software design, development, and testing.

Should you choose information technology or computer science based on career goals?

Yes, choosing between information technology (IT) and computer science should depend on your long-term career goals. While both fields deal with computers and technology, they prepare you for different types of roles and work environments.

Choose IT if you want to:

Work hands-on with systems, networks, and user support
Troubleshoot hardware and software issues
Manage infrastructure and IT services
Enter the workforce quickly with certifications and practical training

Choose computer science if you want to:

Focus on programming, algorithms, and software development
Design and build complex applications or systems
Work in artificial intelligence, data science, or machine learning
Solve abstract computational problems

Ultimately, aligning your degree choice with your desired work style, skillset, and career aspirations is the best way to build a fulfilling and future-proof career.

Here’s What People Have to Say About IT and Computer Science

Switching to a career in IT gave me hands-on experience almost immediately. I loved how quickly I could apply what I was learning to real-world tech support and network problems. — Chester

Studying computer science opened the door to coding and problem-solving on a deeper level. I now work on AI projects, and it’s incredibly fulfilling to build tools that actually make a difference. — Rajesh

The best part of learning IT was discovering how essential technology is in every industry. It’s empowering to know that I can troubleshoot, manage systems, and help keep businesses running smoothly. — Jessica

Key Findings

The tech sector is projected to grow at twice the rate of overall employment over the next decade.
67% of IT professionals hold a bachelor’s degree, compared to 66% of computer science professionals.
As of 2025, network/cloud engineers in IT earn an average of $124,526, while cloud engineers in computer science make $121,261.
44% of organizations offer higher salaries for employees with AI and machine learning skills.
The average salary for an IT manager is $169,510, making it the highest-paid role among the listed tech careers.

Other Things You Should Know about IT and Computer Science

Is coding required for both IT and computer science?

Yes, coding is essential in computer science and helpful but not always required in IT. Computer science relies heavily on programming for software development, algorithm design, and systems architecture. In IT, roles like support specialist or systems administrator may use minimal coding, but knowledge of scripting languages like Python or Bash can boost job prospects. According to 2024 job postings, over 75% of CS roles list programming as a core requirement, while only about 40% of IT jobs do.

Can you switch from IT to computer science or vice versa?

Yes, transitioning between IT and computer science is possible with some additional training. Since both fields share foundational knowledge like networks, systems, and basic programming, professionals often shift based on interest or career goals. For example, someone in IT can pursue software engineering by learning advanced coding, while a CS graduate might move into IT management with experience. Many online bootcamps and certificates in 2024 support this kind of career pivot.

Which field has more remote job opportunities: IT or computer science?

Computer science tends to offer more remote jobs than IT. In 2024, about 62% of computer science-related roles—especially in software development and data science—advertise remote or hybrid work. IT roles often require onsite presence, particularly in hardware support or systems maintenance. However, some IT jobs in cloud support, cybersecurity, and virtual infrastructure are increasingly remote-friendly as businesses invest more in digital solutions.

Do IT or computer science professionals need to know about cybersecurity?

Yes, both IT and computer science professionals benefit from understanding cybersecurity. IT workers are often responsible for implementing secure systems, while CS professionals might design software with built-in protections. In 2024, cybersecurity is a top skill in job listings for both fields. Even entry-level roles now expect basic knowledge of threats, prevention methods, and compliance standards—especially with rising concerns over data breaches and digital privacy.