Computer Information Systems vs. Computer Science for 2025 – Which Is Right for You?

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

With the rapid advancement of digital technologies, the demand for technology professionals has reached unprecedented levels in recent years. Today, organizations are actively seeking skilled professionals to drive innovation, improve efficiency, and ensure cybersecurity. Based on a recent report, more than 264,500 tech-related jobs were added to the market in 2022 alone (Zippia, 2022).

As such, choosing a career in the technology field can give you abundant opportunities for growth, job security, and competitive salaries. This is why comparing computer information systems vs. computer science for the right academic path is crucial to your own success in the field.

While the broader discipline of technology encompasses various specializations, a computer information systems (CIS) degree and a computer science major are two popular choices. In this article, our research team took a closer look into these two programs regarding educational and career advantages and other relevant factors to help you make an informed decision and choose the program that best aligns with your interests, strengths, and long-term career goals.

CIS vs. CS Table of Contents

Understanding Computer Information Systems
Exploring Computer Science
Factors to Consider When Choosing Between CIS and CS
What are the best certifications for CIS and CS professionals?
Future Trends and Industry Outlook
What are the key differences in work environment and job flexibility for CIS vs. CS professionals?
What Financial Aid Options Are Available for CIS and CS Students?
How Can an Advanced Degree Accelerate Career Growth in Technology?
How Can Accelerated Online Degree Programs Boost Career Opportunities in Tech?
How Can Affordable Online Cybersecurity Degrees Empower Your Tech Career?
How can data science elevate career trajectories in tech?
What are the challenges faced by CIS and CS professionals?
Is Artificial Intelligence the Catalyst for Future Technology Careers?
How Can an AI Degree Program Enhance Your Technology Career?

Understanding Computer Information Systems (CIS)

Understanding the difference between computer science and computer information systems can help you determine which field aligns better with your career aspirations and interests. To start, computer information systems (CIS) focuses on the practical application of technology in various organizational settings. It combines elements of business management, computer science, and information technology to address the challenges and opportunities related to information systems.

CIS professionals leverage their knowledge to design, implement, and manage systems that enhance efficiency, productivity, and decision-making within organizations.

Key skills and knowledge acquired in a CIS program

A CIS program is an information technology degree that can help you gain proficiency in database management, system analysis and design, programming, networking, project management, cybersecurity, and business intelligence.

Additionally, getting into a CIS program helps you develop strong problem-solving, communication, and teamwork skills. It also gives you a deeper understanding of the ethical and legal implications of technology in the business environment. This comprehensive skill set can make you a valuable asset in organizations of all sizes and across industries.

Potential career paths and job opportunities for CIS graduates

As a graduate of computer information systems degree, you can pursue roles such as systems analyst, IT consultant, information systems manager, business analyst, project manager, or cybersecurity specialist. You can also become a database administrator and proceed to get database administrator certifications. These roles allow you to contribute to implementing technology solutions, strategic decision-making, and managing technology resources within organizations.

As businesses increasingly rely on technology to drive their operations, the demand for CIS professionals continues to grow, presenting abundant job prospects across industries such as healthcare, finance, government, retail, and manufacturing. Not only that, but the field of computer information systems proves to be financially rewarding as well. According to a recent report, employees working in the tech industry across the United States make an average annual salary of $71,809 (Zippia, 2022).

Examples of industries where CIS professionals are in high demand

With their expertise in leveraging technology, CIS professionals can find employment in these industries:

Healthcare. The healthcare industry relies heavily on technology for managing electronic health records, implementing health information systems, and ensuring data security and privacy. CIS professionals play a crucial role in maintaining EHR systems and integrating various technologies to improve patient care, streamline operations, and enhance data analytics for informed decision-making.
Financial services. Banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions require robust information systems to handle transactions, customer data, risk management, and compliance. CIS professionals help ensure the security, reliability, and efficiency of these systems. They also play a vital role in implementing emerging technologies such as blockchain and fintech innovations to drive digital transformation in the financial services sector.
Government. With help from CIS professionals, government agencies at the local, state, and federal levels can rely on information systems to deliver public services, manage resources, and ensure efficient operations. These include processes for tax administration, public safety, transportation management, citizen services, and data analysis for policy-making.
Retail and e-commerce. In the era of digital commerce, retailers and e-commerce companies depend on CIS professionals to manage and optimize their online platforms, inventory systems, supply chain management, and customer relationship management systems. CIS experts help retailers leverage technology to enhance customer experiences, track sales data, and analyze consumer behavior.
Manufacturing and logistics. Manufacturing companies utilize information systems to streamline production processes, manage inventory, and ensure quality control. CIS professionals play a critical role in implementing and maintaining enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, data analytics platforms, and supply chain management solutions to enhance productivity in manufacturing and logistics operations.
Consulting and IT services. Consulting firms and IT service providers rely on CIS professionals to provide expertise in developing customized solutions for their clients across various industries. These professionals analyze business requirements, design and implement information systems, and offer strategic technology advice to help organizations stay competitive in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

Exploring Computer Science (CS)

Compared to computer information systems studies, computer science (CS) is more focused on the theoretical foundations of computing, including algorithms, data structures, programming languages, and computer architecture. Like software application degrees, computer science delves into the principles behind software development, seeking to understand how computers can solve complex problems.

When it comes to computer information systems vs. computer science, the latter provides students more opportunities to tackle challenges in software design, algorithm optimization, and system development.

Core Concepts and Technical Skills Learned in a CS Program

In a CS program, students can expect to delve into concepts such as computer science principles, programming languages (e.g., Java, C++, Python), data structures, algorithms, computer networks, operating systems, database systems, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and software engineering.

Furthermore, you will develop strong problem-solving and analytical thinking skills, as well as coding job skills and proficiency requirements and software development methodologies. CS programs also encourage the development of skills in abstraction and algorithmic design, enabling you to develop efficient and innovative solutions to computational problems.

Overview of Career Options and Industries That Value CS Expertise

Computer science encompasses many roles and specializations, offering competitive salaries. According to the latest report of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2023), a computer and information research scientist made an average of $131,490 per year.

As a computer science graduate, you will have a multitude of career options across various industries. And if one of your concerns is whether can you work from home with a computer science degree, here are some examples of the popular career paths often pursued by computer science graduates that are offered in both on-site and work-from-home setup:

Software engineer or developer. Software engineers or developers design, develop, and maintain software applications, systems, and platforms. They work with programming languages, frameworks, and tools to create efficient, scalable, and user-friendly software solutions.
Data scientist or analyst. Data scientists and analysts extract insights and patterns from large datasets using statistical analysis, machine learning, and data visualization techniques. They help businesses make data-driven decisions and develop predictive models to achieve long-term goals.
Web developer. Web developers specialize in designing and developing websites and web applications. They use programming languages like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and frameworks to create interactive and visually appealing web experiences.
Systems analyst. Systems analysts analyze an organization’s computer systems and processes to identify improvements and optimize efficiency. They evaluate requirements, design solutions, and coordinate system implementations to enhance business operations.
Cybersecurity analyst. With the increasing threat of cyber attacks, analysts with online cybersecurity master’s degree play a critical role in protecting organizations’ digital assets and information. They monitor systems, implement security measures, investigate incidents, and develop risk mitigation strategies.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Between CIS and CS

Between 201011 and 202021, the number of degrees awarded in computer and information sciences more than doubled, from 43,100 to 104,900 degrees, based on the latest data by the National Center for Education Statistics (2023). The suitability of computer information science vs. computer science for each person depends on individual interests, career goals, and the specific job market dynamics. Here are some points to consider as you learn, “Is computer information systems the same as computer science?"

Self-Assessment of Aptitude and Passion for Technology

When deciding between computer information systems vs. computer science, it is important to take the time to reflect on your personal strengths and interests in relation to technology. If you have a natural inclination towards problem-solving, logical thinking, and enjoy the intricacies of coding and programming, a computer science program might be an excellent choice. CS programs often have a strong emphasis on mathematics, algorithms, and computer science theory.

On the other hand, if you are drawn to the intersection of technology and business processes and have an interest in understanding how technology can be utilized to solve real-world problems, then a CIS program might be a better fit. CIS programs typically offer a broader curriculum that combines technology coursework with business and management knowledge.

Career Goals and Desired Job Prospects

If you have a clear idea of the job roles and industries you aspire to work in, researching the demand and prospects for professionals in CIS and CS can provide valuable insights. CS graduates often find employment opportunities in highly technical positions such as software engineering and development, data analysis, cybersecurity, and artificial intelligence. The demand for CS expertise continues to grow rapidly as research institutions, startups, and various industries continue to embrace digital transformation.

On the other hand, CIS graduates can find employment as business systems managers, database administrators, or IT consultants. As such, when comparing computer information systems vs. computer science degrees, you may find that a CIS degree offers more flexibility in terms of roles you can fill.

Differences in computer science vs computer information systems salary may also play a significant role in a student’s choice. At the base level, the median annual wage for computer and information systems research scientists was around $131,490 compared with computer programmers at $93,000 (BLS, 2023). Furthermore, because many of them end up in management roles, CIS professionals tend to have higher salaries, with a typical CIS manager earning $159,010.

Analysis of Academic Requirements and Prerequisites for CIS and CS Programs

CIS programs typically include coursework in computer science information systems, database management, network administration, project management, and business processes. CS programs, on the other hand, tend to have a stronger focus on computer science theory, algorithms, and programming. They often require coursework in mathematics, software development, data structures, computer architecture, and algorithms.

To illustrate, some courses offered in the bachelor’s degree in computer information systems at Arizona State University include Business Information System Development, Web Technologies for the Enterprise, and Principles of Management and Leadership (Arizona State University, n.d.-a)

On the other hand, a bachelor’s degree in computer science from the same university features courses such as Principles of Programming, Digital Design Fundamentals, and Computing Ethics (Arizona State University, n.d.-b).

What are the best certifications for CIS and CS professionals?

Certifications can significantly enhance a technology professional’s credibility, skill set, and job prospects. For those pursuing careers in Computer Information Systems (CIS) and Computer Science (CS), certain certifications can provide a competitive edge and specialization in key areas of interest. Here are some of the most valuable certifications for each field:

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP): Ideal for CIS professionals, this globally recognized certification focuses on information security and is essential for roles in cybersecurity, risk management, and IT consulting.
Project Management Professional (PMP): A great option for CIS graduates interested in project management roles. PMP certification validates expertise in managing and overseeing projects within IT environments.
Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH): Relevant to both CIS and CS fields, this certification equips professionals with skills to identify and fix security vulnerabilities, making it especially beneficial for cybersecurity-focused roles.
Microsoft Certified: Azure Solutions Architect Expert: A good choice for CS professionals, this certification demonstrates knowledge in designing and implementing solutions on Microsoft Azure, useful for cloud-focused roles.
AWS Certified Solutions Architect: This certification is valuable for both CIS and CS professionals pursuing roles in cloud computing, showcasing expertise in designing systems on Amazon Web Services (AWS).

Certifications can offer CIS and CS professionals specialized skills, improve their marketability, and open doors to advanced career opportunities across various tech domains.

Future Trends and Industry Outlook

In the tech industry, software developers, computer programmers, and computer and information systems managers are among the most popular career options you can choose from. Based on a recent report, there are around 435,059 people in the workforce working as software developers, making it the most common occupation for graduates of a computer and tech-related discipline (Data USA, 2021).

CIS graduates, with their interdisciplinary expertise in management and technology, are well-positioned to achieve stable careers. Additionally, the need for cybersecurity and data privacy expertise continues to grow, creating additional job opportunities for CIS professionals in areas such as risk management and compliance.

For CS graduates, the future looks equally full of opportunities. As emerging technologies like machine learning, the Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain continue to advance, CS graduates will play a crucial role in developing and deploying innovative applications.

What are the key differences in work environment and job flexibility for CIS vs. CS professionals?

When deciding between a degree in Computer Information Systems (CIS) or Computer Science (CS), it’s essential to consider the work environment and job flexibility associated with each field. The nature of the roles and industries these degrees serve can affect your day-to-day work life, and how much autonomy or structure you’ll have in your career.

Work Environment Variability

CIS professionals often work in business-focused environments where technology intersects with business strategy. Roles like IT consultant, project manager, or systems analyst may involve both in-office and remote work, depending on the organization's needs. Many CIS graduates work in larger corporations or consulting firms, where team collaboration and client interaction are key.
CS professionals typically work in tech-driven, innovation-focused settings such as software development companies, research labs, or tech startups. While remote work is common in these sectors, the nature of CS roles often requires intensive problem-solving and software development, which may sometimes require physical presence for collaborative team-based tasks.

Flexibility and Remote Opportunities

CIS professionals, especially those in roles like database administrators or business analysts, often enjoy a high level of flexibility, with many positions offering hybrid or fully remote work options. However, some CIS roles, particularly those in consulting or client-facing positions, might involve travel or on-site work.
CS offers a wide range of flexible job opportunities. Software engineers, web developers, and data scientists can often work remotely, and many companies are moving towards fully distributed teams. For example, many top tech companies now offer flexible schedules to attract top talent, particularly in the highest paying jobs in computer science field, where demand is high.

Industry-Specific Work Settings

CIS professionals tend to work across various industries, including healthcare, finance, retail, and government, in both public and private sectors. This variety can lead to diverse work environments and opportunities to work with cross-functional teams.
CS professionals often find themselves in research environments, tech startups, or large software corporations, where the focus is on development, innovation, and creating cutting-edge technologies.

Career Mobility and Advancement

CIS roles, particularly those in management or business consulting, can offer faster career mobility due to the growing demand for tech leadership in business settings. Advancement typically involves taking on leadership or strategic roles within organizations.
CS professionals can advance quickly in highly technical roles, progressing from software engineer to senior developer, data scientist, or even CTO (Chief Technology Officer) in tech firms. The ability to move into specialized fields like artificial intelligence, blockchain, or machine learning also offers significant career mobility.

What financial aid options are available for CIS and CS students?

When considering a degree in Computer Information Systems (CIS) or Computer Science (CS), it's essential to think about the financial aspects of pursuing higher education. Fortunately, numerous financial aid options are available to help students fund their studies. For those looking for affordable online programs, researching options such as the cheapest online IT degree can be a good starting point. Additionally, students can explore scholarships, grants, and federal aid programs tailored for technology and engineering fields. Many institutions also offer financial assistance packages, work-study programs, and internship opportunities that can help offset the costs of tuition and living expenses. By carefully reviewing and utilizing these financial aid options, students can make their educational goals more achievable and set themselves up for success in their future careers.

How Can an Advanced Degree Accelerate Career Growth in Technology?

Investing in advanced education enables professionals to refine technical expertise and develop strategic leadership capabilities essential for evolving technology roles. An advanced degree often bridges the gap between foundational skills and the complex demands of senior positions by offering specialized curricula that address contemporary industry challenges and promote innovative thinking. This focused educational approach supports rapid career progression, positioning graduates to effectively lead cross-functional teams, manage large-scale projects, and drive organizational change. Pursuing an online master of computer science demonstrates a commitment to continuous professional development and can significantly enhance an individual’s marketability and long-term return on investment.

How Can Accelerated Online Degree Programs Boost Career Opportunities in Tech?

Accelerated online degree programs offer a condensed yet rigorous curriculum that aligns closely with industry demands, enabling professionals to acquire requisite technical and managerial skills faster. These programs emphasize current technological trends and practical skills, ensuring that graduates are equipped to meet evolving market needs. Additionally, the streamlined format allows for greater flexibility, catering to those who seek swift career transitions or upgrades without compromising work-life balance. Leveraging these accelerated options can significantly enhance job market competitiveness and career growth prospects, making it a strategic consideration for aspiring tech professionals. For instance, exploring a 2 year bachelor degree online could provide an efficient pathway to attaining foundational expertise while saving valuable time.

How Can Affordable Online Cybersecurity Degrees Empower Your Tech Career?

Affordable online cybersecurity programs offer a cost-effective way to acquire essential skills without compromising academic rigor. These programs focus on current security trends, proactive threat management, and practical applications, which are critical to advancing in today’s tech landscape. When reviewing options, evaluate factors such as accreditation, curriculum relevance, and hands-on training opportunities. Additionally, compare program costs and potential ROI to ensure alignment with your career goals. For example, exploring the cheapest cyber security degree online can help you identify high-quality, affordable options that support a swift transition into high-demand cybersecurity roles.

How can data science elevate career trajectories in tech?

Integrating data science competencies into your skill set can open new avenues for innovation and strategic decision-making in technology roles. Leveraging data analytics not only refines problem-solving approaches but also enhances your ability to translate complex data into actionable insights that drive business growth. Professionals equipped with data science knowledge gain a competitive edge in overseeing and optimizing technology solutions across various sectors. Furthermore, targeted upskilling—such as pursuing an affordable online data science masters degree—can position you to navigate evolving industry demands and secure leadership opportunities in data-driven environments.

What are the challenges faced by CIS and CS professionals?

While careers in Computer Information Systems (CIS) and Computer Science (CS) offer rewarding opportunities, professionals in both fields face various challenges that can impact their career growth and work-life balance. Understanding these challenges can help you better prepare for a successful career in tech. Here are some of the key difficulties:

For CIS Professionals:

Managing Complex Systems: CIS professionals are often responsible for overseeing complex IT infrastructures and systems. This requires continuous learning and adaptation to keep up with evolving technology.
Cybersecurity Threats: With the increasing prevalence of cyberattacks, CIS professionals are under pressure to safeguard sensitive data and protect against breaches, which requires staying up-to-date with the latest security protocols.
Business and IT Alignment: CIS professionals must bridge the gap between business objectives and technology solutions, often needing to communicate technical information to non-technical stakeholders.

For CS Professionals:

High Competition: The tech industry is highly competitive, with many CS professionals vying for limited positions in top companies, especially in fields like software engineering and data science.
Rapid Technological Advancements: Staying current with constantly evolving technologies—such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and blockchain—can be challenging, requiring lifelong learning and upskilling.
Work-Life Balance: The demanding nature of tech projects, long hours, and the pressure to meet deadlines can lead to burnout, especially for CS professionals working in fast-paced environments.

Despite these challenges, professionals can thrive by obtaining relevant education, such as a cheapest computer science degree online, and seeking ongoing professional development to stay ahead in the field.

Which One Should You Choose: CIS or CS?

The decision between choosing a CIS vs. CS degree ultimately depends on your individual interests, strengths, career goals, and personal preferences. Both fields offer unique opportunities and have their own distinct characteristics.

It’s important to thoroughly research the curriculum, job prospects, and industry trends related to both CIS and CS programs. Consider speaking with academic advisors, professionals working in the field, or attending information sessions to gain deeper insights. Additionally, internships, projects, and personal experiences can provide valuable exposure to the practical aspects of each field.

Ultimately, choose the program that aligns with your strengths, interests, and long-term career goals. It’s worth noting that many professionals transition between computer information systems and computer science careers, as the skills acquired in both fields can be complementary. Continuous learning, professional development, and adaptability are key factors in ensuring a successful and fulfilling career in the technology industry.

Exploring Interdisciplinary Opportunities in Technology Careers

For students deciding between computer information systems (CIS) and computer science (CS), it’s worth considering how interdisciplinary skills can enhance your career prospects. Both CIS and CS professionals are increasingly working at the intersection of technology and other fields, as industry demands evolve to prioritize cross-functional expertise. By diversifying your skill set, you can open doors to alternative career paths that blend technology with creativity, business, and other disciplines.

For example, a growing number of organizations are seeking technology professionals with a foundation in design principles. This is particularly relevant for careers in web development, user experience (UX) design, or digital product management, where understanding graphic design can greatly enhance your effectiveness. If exploring such opportunities resonates with your career aspirations, pursuing an online graphic design degree could be a valuable addition to your education. This approach allows you to combine technical skills from CIS or CS with design proficiencies, setting you apart in competitive job markets.

Furthermore, building interdisciplinary knowledge can help you adapt to emerging fields such as artificial intelligence in creative industries, business intelligence visualization, and information systems tailored for digital marketing. These areas thrive on the integration of technical expertise with domain-specific insights, making interdisciplinary learning a strategic career investment.

Is Artificial Intelligence the Catalyst for Future Technology Careers?

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into technology roles is rapidly redefining problem-solving approaches and strategic decision-making in both CIS and CS domains. Advanced AI competencies enable professionals to streamline operations, enhance data analysis, and facilitate innovative project developments without altering the established core skills. Pursuing specialized training, such as pursuing affordable online artificial intelligence degree programs, further bolsters your ability to adapt to evolving market demands and positions you as a forward-thinking leader in the tech landscape.

How Can an AI Degree Program Enhance Your Technology Career?

Integrating specialized training in artificial intelligence with a traditional CIS or CS curriculum equips professionals with advanced competencies that drive innovation. Pursuing an AI degree program enables mastery in machine learning, deep learning, and data analytics, allowing you to address complex technological challenges and boost market competitiveness. This focused expertise facilitates collaboration across interdisciplinary teams and positions you favorably for emerging roles within cutting-edge industries.

Key Insights

Rising Demand: The technology sector saw a significant increase in job opportunities, with over 264,500 tech-related jobs added in 2022.
CIS Focus: Computer Information Systems (CIS) combines business management, computer science, and IT to enhance efficiency and decision-making in organizations.
CS Focus: Computer Science (CS) emphasizes theoretical foundations, including algorithms, data structures, and software development.
Career Paths: CIS graduates can pursue roles like systems analyst, IT consultant, and cybersecurity specialist, while CS graduates can aim for software engineer, data scientist, and cybersecurity analyst positions.
Salary Prospects: The median annual wage for CIS professionals can reach $159,010, while for CS professionals, it can go up to $131,490.
Educational Differences: CIS programs blend technology with business coursework, while CS programs focus more on mathematics, algorithms, and programming languages.
Industry Needs: Both CIS and CS professionals are in high demand across various sectors like healthcare, finance, government, retail, and manufacturing.
Future Trends: Emerging technologies like machine learning, IoT, and blockchain present growing opportunities for CS graduates, while CIS graduates can thrive in cybersecurity and data privacy roles.

FAQ

What is the primary focus of a Computer Information Systems (CIS) degree? A CIS degree focuses on the practical application of technology within organizational settings. It combines elements of business management, computer science, and information technology to design, implement, and manage systems that enhance efficiency and decision-making.
What are the core areas of study in a Computer Science (CS) program? A CS program delves into theoretical foundations such as algorithms, data structures, programming languages, computer networks, operating systems, database systems, artificial intelligence, and software engineering.
Which industries have high demand for CIS professionals? CIS professionals are in high demand in industries like healthcare, financial services, government, retail and e-commerce, manufacturing, and consulting and IT services.
What types of careers can a Computer Science graduate pursue? Computer Science graduates can pursue careers as software engineers or developers, data scientists or analysts, web developers, systems analysts, and cybersecurity analysts.
How do the educational requirements for CIS and CS programs differ? CIS programs typically include coursework in database management, network administration, project management, and business processes. CS programs, on the other hand, focus on computer science theory, algorithms, programming, and often require coursework in mathematics and software development.
What factors should I consider when choosing between a CIS and a CS degree? Consider your personal strengths and interests in technology, career goals, desired job prospects, and the specific coursework and academic requirements of each program. Additionally, research the demand and salary prospects for professionals in each field.
What is the job outlook for CIS professionals? The job outlook for CIS professionals is positive, with increasing demand across various industries for roles like systems analyst, IT consultant, information systems manager, and cybersecurity specialist.
What emerging technologies should CS graduates be aware of? CS graduates should be aware of emerging technologies such as machine learning, the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and advancements in artificial intelligence and cybersecurity.
Can CIS and CS graduates transition between each other's careers? Yes, many professionals transition between CIS and CS careers. The skills acquired in both fields can be complementary, and continuous learning, professional development, and adaptability are key to successful transitions.
What are the highest-paying roles for CIS and CS professionals? For CIS professionals, management roles often offer the highest salaries, with typical earnings around $159,010. For CS professionals, roles such as computer and information research scientists can offer salaries up to $131,490 annually.

References:

Arizona State University. (n.d.-a). 2023 2024 major map, computer information systems, BS. ASU.
Arizona State University. (n.d.-b). 2023 2024 major map, computer scence, BS. ASU.
Data USA. (2021). Computer and Information Sciences and Support Services | Data USA. Data USA.
National Center for Education Statistics. (2023). COE Undergraduate Degree Fields. NCES.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2022, September 8). Computer and Information Systems Managers: Occupational Outlook Handbook:: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. BLS.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023, February 6). Computer and Information Research Scientists: Occupational Outlook Handbook:: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. BLS.
Zippia. (2022, August 22). Computer Science Major Salary. Zippia.