How to Become a Criminalist for 2025

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Criminalists, also known as forensic scientists, are crucial in solving crimes by analyzing forensic evidence, from DNA to ballistics. This article explores how to become a criminalist, covering education requirements, costs, salary expectations, and career paths.

By reading this, you'll gain insight into the steps needed to enter this field and whether it’s a rewarding career choice for you.

What are the benefits of becoming a criminalist?

Criminalists earn a median salary of $68,152, with top professionals making up to $127,000 per year.
The job outlook is strong, with forensic science technician jobs projected to grow 14% from 2023 to 2033.
Career advancement opportunities include forensic lab director, crime scene investigator, and forensic science educator.

What is a criminalist?
How do I become a criminalist for 2025?
What skills and experiences are important for criminalists to have?
What licenses and certifications do I need as a criminalist?
What are the educational requirements to become a criminalist?
How long does it take to become a criminalist?
How much does it cost to become a criminalist?
How much can I make as a criminalist?
What are the career paths for criminalists?
Can an online degree in criminal justice effectively prepare you for a criminalist career?
Is a criminalist career worth it?
How Does Choosing an Accredited Forensic Science Program Impact My Career?
What distinguishes specialized law enforcement roles from conventional criminalist careers?
Are there lucrative career opportunities beyond the traditional criminalist role?
Can online forensic science programs boost career advancement in forensic science?
Other Things You Should Know About Criminalists

What is a criminalist?

A criminalist is a forensic science professional who analyzes physical evidence from crime scenes to support investigations and legal proceedings. They specialize in applying scientific techniques to evaluate evidence such as blood spatter, fingerprints, firearms, and DNA.

While a criminology degree may sound like a likely education to land this job, other degrees may prove more effective. Take note that criminalists work in laboratories, law enforcement agencies, or private forensic consulting firms, so science majors make for a better direction. We’ll talk about this more later.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, forensic science technicians (which include criminalists) held approximately 18,600 jobs in 2023, with employment projected to grow 14% from 2023 to 2033, much faster than the average for all occupations. The image is visually presented in the image below.

Employed forensic science technicians in the US

What do criminalists do?

Criminalists, also known as forensic science technicians, are professionals who apply scientific principles to analyze physical evidence from crime scenes, aiding law enforcement in solving crimes and securing convictions.

Key Responsibilities of Criminalists

Evidence Collection and Preservation: At crime scenes, criminalists meticulously collect and preserve physical evidence—including blood samples, fibers, and ballistic materials—ensuring its integrity for laboratory analysis.
Laboratory Analysis: They perform scientific analyses on collected evidence, including DNA profiling, toxicology tests, and ballistic examinations, to identify substances, determine causes of death, or link suspects to crime scenes. Gaining proficiency in these techniques is one of the essential steps to become a crime laboratory analyst, as hands-on lab skills are critical for success in this forensic role.
Crime Scene Reconstruction: By interpreting evidence patterns and conducting detailed analyses, criminalists reconstruct crime scenes to understand the sequence of events and methods used in the commission of crimes.
Documentation and Reporting: They meticulously document their findings and prepare comprehensive reports that detail the methods and results of their analyses, which are crucial for investigations and legal proceedings.
Expert Testimony: Criminalists often serve as expert witnesses in court, presenting their findings and explaining the significance of the evidence to judges and juries.
Collaboration with Law Enforcement: They work closely with detectives, attorneys, and other law enforcement personnel, providing scientific insights that inform investigative strategies and legal arguments.

Criminalists play a vital role in the criminal justice system by applying scientific expertise to uncover objective truths, thereby supporting the pursuit of justice.

How do I become a criminalist for 2025?

Embarking on a career as a criminalist involves a series of structured steps that blend education, practical experience, and professional development. Here's a concise guide to help you navigate this path:

Obtain a Relevant Bachelor's Degree: Start by earning a bachelor's degree in forensic science, chemistry, biology, or a related physical science. This foundational education is crucial, as many employers require it for entry-level positions.
Consider an Advanced Degree: While a bachelor's degree may suffice for some roles, pursuing a master's degree can enhance your expertise and competitiveness in the field. Advanced education often opens doors to specialized positions within forensic science.
Gain Practical Experience: Seek internships or volunteer opportunities in forensic laboratories or law enforcement agencies. Hands-on experience is invaluable for developing practical skills and understanding real-world applications of your studies.
Obtain Professional Certifications: Earning certifications from recognized bodies, such as the American Board of Criminalistics (ABC), can validate your skills and knowledge, making you a more attractive candidate to employers.
Pursue Continuous Education: The field of forensic science is continually evolving. Engage in ongoing education and training to stay updated on the latest techniques, technologies, and best practices.

For those seeking flexibility and cost-effectiveness, pursuing an cheap online criminal justice degree can be a viable option. However, online science programs would be more preferable for this career.

What skills and experiences are important for criminalists to have?

Criminalists play a pivotal role in the criminal justice system by applying scientific methods to analyze physical evidence from crime scenes. Their expertise aids in solving crimes and securing convictions. To excel in this field, a combination of specific skills and experiences is essential.

Key Skills and Experiences for Criminalists:

Scientific Proficiency: A strong foundation in scientific disciplines such as chemistry, biology, and physics is crucial for analyzing various types of evidence, including biological samples and chemical substances.
Analytical Thinking: The ability to assess complex data and draw logical conclusions is vital in forensic investigations.
Attention to Detail: Meticulous observation skills ensure accurate evidence collection and analysis, which are critical for reconstructing crime scenes.
Communication Skills: Proficiency in writing detailed reports and presenting findings clearly, especially when testifying as expert witnesses in court, is essential.
Technical Expertise: Familiarity with forensic tools and investigative methods, including digital forensics, enhances the ability to extract and analyze electronic data.
Field Experience: Hands-on experience through internships or roles in forensic laboratories or law enforcement agencies provides practical knowledge of evidence handling and analysis.

Incorporating a computer science major can significantly benefit aspiring criminalists, especially in the realm of digital forensics. Understanding computer systems and networks is increasingly important for investigating cybercrimes and analyzing digital evidence.

Developing these skills and gaining relevant experiences are fundamental steps toward a successful career as a criminalist.

What licenses and certifications do I need as a criminalist?

Criminalists may not always require a state-issued license, but some jurisdictions have implemented licensing programs to standardize qualifications. Additionally, professional certifications can significantly enhance a criminalist’s credentials and career prospects. Understanding available credentials is also helpful for those exploring specialized roles, such as the CIA office career path, which often values investigative experience and technical expertise in forensic science.

Licensing Requirements

Licensing varies by state, but some jurisdictions require forensic analysts to obtain official credentials:

Texas Forensic Analyst Licensing Program:

Required by: Texas Forensic Science Commission
Eligibility: Bachelor's degree in a relevant field
Application Fee:
Exam Requirement: General Forensic Analyst Licensing Exam
Additional Requirements: Coursework in statistics and ethics, annual proficiency testing

In other states, criminalists typically work under employer qualifications rather than state licenses. Employers may require specific coursework or proficiency tests for forensic lab position.

Professional Certifications

While not mandatory in most cases, the following certifications can enhance a criminalist’s qualifications:

American Board of Criminalistics (ABC) Certification

Certifications Offered: Biological Evidence Screening, Comprehensive Criminalistics, Drug Analysis, Forensic DNA
Exam Fee: $350
Annual Maintenance Fee: $50
Recertification: Every five years

Certified Financial Crimes Investigator (CFCI) – IAFCI

Eligibility: Three years of financial crimes investigation experience
Exam Fee: $350
Recertification: Every three years, $150

Certified Cyber Crimes Investigator (CCCI) – IAFCI

Eligibility: Three years of cybercrime investigations experience
Exam Fee: $350
Recertification: Every three years, $150

Digital Forensics Certification – DFCB

Certifications Offered: Digital Forensics Certified Practitioner (DFCP), Digital Forensics Certified Associate (DFCA)
Exam Fee: $350
Annual Maintenance Fee: $40
Recertification: Every three years

What are the educational requirements to become a criminalist?

To pursue a career as a criminalist, individuals typically need a bachelor's degree in natural or physical sciences, such as chemistry, biology, or forensic science. For instance, San Diego County mandates that criminalist candidates possess a bachelor's degree in chemistry, biology, or a related field, including specific coursework in general chemistry and quantitative analysis.

Is MIS a good major for criminalists? While a Management Information Systems (MIS) degree offers valuable skills in data analysis and information technology, it may not provide the specialized scientific background required for traditional criminalist roles.

However, with the increasing importance of digital forensics, individuals with an MIS background can contribute significantly to cybercrime investigations. This integration of business and technology skills positions MIS professionals well for roles that bridge information systems and investigative processes.

In summary, aspiring criminalists should focus on obtaining degrees in natural or physical sciences, while those interested in digital forensics may find an MIS major beneficial.

How long does it take to become a criminalist?

Becoming a criminalist typically takes four to seven years, depending on education and experience requirements. A bachelor’s degree in forensic science, chemistry, biology, or a related field is the standard requirement and takes four years to complete. Some employers may accept an associate degree (two years) for entry-level technician roles, but most prefer candidates with a bachelor's degree.

For those seeking advanced forensic science positions, a master’s degree may be required, adding two more years of study. Practical experience is crucial, and many students complete internships or laboratory practicums while earning their degree. Additionally, on-the-job training can take several months to two years, depending on the employer.

The timeline to becoming a criminalist can vary, but typically falls within four to seven years. Those following a CSI career path may also pursue certifications and continuing education, which can help to enhance their expertise and improve career prospects.

How much does it cost to become a criminalist?

The cost to become a criminalist varies widely based on the type of institution attended and additional expenses. On average, the total cost of earning a bachelor’s degree in forensic science or a related field is between $108,584 (public in-state) and $226,512 (private nonprofit) over four years. This includes tuition, books, supplies, and living expenses.

If you’re looking into forensic nursing, the cost is quite similar, with undergraduate tuition averaging $26,401 per year and graduate programs at $21,140. Those considering forensic nursing should factor in certification costs as well.

Overall, becoming a criminalist can cost anywhere between $50,000 to $230,000 depending on the school and living arrangements. Scholarships and financial aid can significantly offset these costs. The breakdown is presented in the image below

How much can I make as a criminalist?

Criminalists earn an average annual salary of $68,152, with a range between $36,000 and $127,000, depending on experience, education, and location. This salary is slightly higher than the median wage for forensic science technicians, which was $64,940 in 2023.

Salary Comparison with Similar Professions

Police and Detectives: $74,910 median annual wage
Forensic Science Technicians: $64,940 median wage
Forensic Psychologists: $83,065 median wage, ranging from $56,000 to $121,000

Although criminalists earn competitive salaries, professionals seeking higher pay might consider specialized forensic roles. For example, a forensic psychologist salary is often higher due to the advanced education required.

Criminalists earn the most in states like Alaska ($122,688), California ($105,815), and North Dakota ($94,640). Those in Oklahoma ($49,908) and Georgia ($50,860) tend to earn lower salaries. Criminalists working in local and state government agencies typically earn more than those in private-sector forensic laboratories.

The chart below provides a quick comparison of salaries in related forensic and law enforcement fields.

What are the career paths for criminalists?

Criminalists, also known as forensic science technicians, play a pivotal role in analyzing physical evidence to aid criminal investigations. Starting as "bench" scientists, they can advance through various roles with experience and further education. Here are some potential career paths:

Senior Criminalist / Lead Forensic Scientist: Experienced criminalists may oversee complex cases and mentor junior staff. Salaries for these positions can reach up to $96,000 annually.
Forensic Laboratory Supervisor / Manager: In this role, professionals oversee the daily operations of forensic laboratories, ensuring quality control, staff coordination, and adherence to protocols. While salaries can vary by location and experience, comparable roles, such as first-line supervisors of police and detectives, earn an average of approximately $101,750 per year, aligning closely with competitive criminal justice administration salary expectations for leadership positions in the field.
Forensic Laboratory Director: As the head of a forensic laboratory, the director oversees all administrative and operational aspects, including budgeting and strategic planning. While specific salary data for this role varies, it is typically higher than that of supervisors, reflecting the increased responsibilities.
Forensic Science Educator: Experienced criminalists can transition into academia, teaching at community colleges or universities. Salaries for postsecondary criminal justice and law enforcement teachers average $64,600 annually.
Specialized Forensic Roles: With additional training, criminalists can specialize in areas like DNA analysis, toxicology, or digital forensics. Forensic scientists in specialized fields earn an average of $63,220 per year.

Advancement in these career paths often requires a combination of experience, advanced education, and specialized training. Pursuing certifications and staying updated with technological advancements in forensic science can further enhance career prospects.

The chart below compares the salaries of these career paths.

Can an online degree in criminal justice effectively prepare you for a criminalist career?

Pursuing an online degree in criminal justice can offer a flexible and comprehensive pathway to build foundational forensic and scientific skills. Such programs integrate interactive coursework, virtual lab exercises, and specialized modules on digital evidence analysis to meet current industry standards. They also expose students to evolving investigative technologies and practical applications, ensuring that graduates are equipped to address modern challenges in criminalistics while aligning with professional certification requirements.

Is a criminalist career worth it?

Yes, a career as a criminalist can be worth it, but it depends on financial considerations and career goals. The average salary for a criminalist is $68,152 per year, with entry-level positions starting at $36,000 and experienced professionals earning up to $127,000. While this salary is competitive, it must be weighed against the cost of education and living expenses.

Cost Considerations

Education: A bachelor’s degree in forensic science or a related field typically costs $108,584 (public in-state) to $226,512 (private) for four years.
Licensing & Certification: Certification from the American Board of Criminalistics costs $350, while forensic analyst licensing in Texas costs $220.
Cost of Living: The average monthly expenses for a single person in the U.S. are $1,174.50 without rent, and rent for a one-bedroom apartment ranges from $1,437 to $1,741 per month.

Considering these factors, criminalists earn above the median U.S. salary ($4,339 monthly), making the career financially viable. However, those seeking higher salaries may consider advancing into forensic psychology, as a forensic psychologist salary averages $83,065 per year.

The image below breaks down the cost of living in the US.

How Does Choosing an Accredited Forensic Science Program Impact My Career?

Selecting an accredited forensic science program is a strategic decision that directly influences career advancement. Quality programs offer state-of-the-art laboratory environments, hands-on training, and robust industry connections with law enforcement agencies, all of which are essential for translating academic learning into real-world expertise. For further evaluation of academic institutions, consult our list of colleges with the best forensic science programs.

What distinguishes specialized law enforcement roles from conventional criminalist careers?

Specialized law enforcement roles require an integration of forensic expertise with additional tactical, legal, and operational training. These positions demand proficiency not only in evidence analysis but also in real-world investigative procedures, situational decision-making, and risk assessment. Professionals seeking to diversify their career scope often pursue advanced certifications and targeted training programs that expand their understanding of incident response and security protocols. For example, complementing forensic skills with ICE agent qualifications can markedly enhance an individual’s versatility in high-security and investigative environments. This approach fosters a unique blend of scientific acumen and practical law enforcement capabilities, positioning experts to meet the dynamic challenges of modern criminal investigation.

Here's What Graduates Have to Say About Their Criminalist Career

Every day, I know my work is making a difference. As a criminalist, I get to use science to solve crimes and bring justice to victims. The meticulous nature of forensic analysis is challenging, but seeing a case solved thanks to the evidence I helped process is incredibly fulfilling. This career is not just about lab work—it’s about real-world impact. Soren
I started as a forensic science technician, but with experience and additional certifications, I moved into crime scene reconstruction. The career path is dynamic, and there’s always room to grow—whether in toxicology, DNA analysis, or digital forensics. Salaries are competitive, and the demand for skilled forensic scientists continues to rise, making this a stable and promising field. Clara
Balancing work and studies was a challenge, but earning my forensic science degree online allowed me to gain real-world experience while learning at my own pace. The flexibility helped me secure an internship early, and I was able to apply my knowledge in a crime lab before even graduating. Online education made it possible for me to transition into this field without disrupting my career. Chris

Are there lucrative career opportunities beyond the traditional criminalist role?

Candidates with a criminal justice degree can leverage their foundational knowledge to explore advanced positions that extend beyond typical laboratory roles. In many instances, roles in forensic consulting, criminal profiling, or digital evidence analysis offer enhanced compensation and career growth opportunities. For professionals aiming to broaden their scope and increase earning potential, researching the highest paying jobs you can get with a criminal justice degree provides valuable insights into alternative career trajectories that prioritize leadership and technical expertise. Emphasizing continuous professional development and gaining specialized certifications are key strategies to transition into these high-value positions.

How is technology transforming criminalist practices?

Advancements in digital forensics, artificial intelligence, and laboratory automation are reshaping the daily operations and future prospects for criminalists. Modern tools now facilitate more rapid, accurate data analysis and evidence interpretation, requiring professionals to continuously update their technical expertise. This evolution not only improves investigative outcomes but also expands the scope of available roles in the field, including opportunities for those holding a criminology degree jobs. Embracing these innovations is essential for criminalists seeking to maintain a competitive edge and deliver high-standard forensic services in an ever-changing technological landscape.

Can online forensic science programs boost career advancement in forensic science?

Candidates can now effectively leverage accredited online forensic science programs to acquire specialized skills and practical knowledge without the constraints of traditional classroom settings. These programs are designed with flexible curricula that integrate virtual labs, real-time simulations, and up-to-date forensic workflows, ensuring that learners remain competitive in a technologically evolving field. Additionally, the remote format often offers cost-effective and accessible pathways for acquiring credentials, which can facilitate career advancement and broaden professional opportunities in forensic science.

Key Findings

Criminalists earn an average salary of $68,152, with top professionals making up to $127,000 per year.
A bachelor’s degree in forensic science costs between $108,584 (public) and $226,512 (private) over four years.
Forensic analyst licensing in Texas costs $220, while certification from the American Board of Criminalistics costs $350.
Forensic science technician jobs are expected to grow by 14% from 2023 to 2033, much faster than the average job market.
The cost of living in the U.S. is high, with monthly expenses averaging $1,174.50 (excluding rent) and rent for a one-bedroom ranging from $1,437 to $1,741.
Online forensic science degrees offer flexibility, allowing students to gain experience while studying, leading to early job placements.

Other Things You Should Know About Criminalists

Do criminalists work only in crime labs?

No, criminalists work in various settings beyond crime labs. While many analyze evidence in forensic laboratories, others work at crime scenes, police departments, government agencies, and private consulting firms. Some specialize in digital forensics, toxicology, or ballistics, which may involve courtroom testimony or fieldwork. Those with experience can transition into teaching, research, or supervisory roles in forensic science.

What are the biggest challenges of being a criminalist?

Criminalists face demanding workloads, strict deadlines, and high-pressure environments since their findings impact legal cases. The job can be emotionally taxing, especially when working with violent crime evidence. Additionally, forensic techniques constantly evolve, requiring continuous education to stay current. Despite these challenges, many criminalists find the career highly rewarding and intellectually stimulating.

Can I become a criminalist with a criminal justice degree?

A criminal justice degree alone is not typically enough to become a criminalist. Employers prefer candidates with forensic science, chemistry, biology, or physics degrees because criminalists need extensive laboratory skills. However, a criminal justice degree with strong coursework in forensic science or a double major in forensic science and criminal justice can increase job prospects.

How competitive is the job market for criminalists?

The job market for criminalists is competitive, but growing faster than average. The 14% projected growth from 2023 to 2033 indicates rising demand, particularly in DNA analysis, digital forensics, and toxicology. Entry-level candidates with internships and certifications have an advantage. States with high crime rates and large forensic labs, like California and Texas, offer more opportunities and higher salaries.