How to Become a Crime Laboratory Analyst for 2025

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Crime laboratory analysts play a critical role in the criminal justice system, using science to analyze evidence and help solve crimes. Whether examining DNA, toxicology reports, or firearm residue, these experts provide essential forensic insights that guide investigations and court cases. However, pursuing this career requires a clear understanding of the education, certifications, and skills needed to succeed.

This guide will walk you through every step of becoming a crime laboratory analyst, from choosing the right degree to obtaining industry-recognized certifications. You will also learn about job prospects, salary expectations, and career growth opportunities. If you want to make an impact in criminal investigations, this article will provide the essential details to help you start your journey.

Key Things You Should Know About Becoming a Crime Laboratory Analyst

A bachelor’s degree in forensic science, chemistry, biology, or a related field is typically required. Some specialized roles or federal positions may prefer candidates with a master’s degree in forensic science or a relevant discipline.
While not always required, certifications such as the American Board of Criminalistics (ABC) Certification or the American Board of Forensic Toxicology (ABFT) Certification can boost career prospects and salary potential.
Crime lab analysts need strong analytical skills, attention to detail, and expertise in laboratory techniques. They work with DNA analysis, toxicology, ballistics, and trace evidence to support criminal investigations.
Analysts can advance to senior forensic scientist, lab supervisor, or forensic consultant roles. Gaining experience, obtaining advanced degrees, and earning certifications can help professionals move into leadership positions.
The field is growing at 13% per year, faster than the average occupation. Entry-level analysts typically earn $50,000–$60,000 per year, while experienced professionals, especially in federal agencies or private labs, can earn $90,000 or more.

What is a crime laboratory analyst?
What does a crime laboratory analyst do?
What are the steps to becoming a crime laboratory analyst for 2025?
What are the different types of crime laboratory analysts?
What degree do you need to become a crime laboratory analyst?
Can you become a crime laboratory analyst with an online degree?
How long does it take to become a certified crime laboratory analyst?
What are the costs associated with specialized forensic education?
What challenges do crime laboratory analysts face in their day-to-day work?
Can an online criminal justice program enhance my forensic career?
How are emerging technologies impacting crime laboratory analysis?
How Can Legal Studies Enhance a Crime Laboratory Analyst’s Career?
How Can Interdisciplinary Experience Elevate a Crime Laboratory Analyst’s Career?
What certifications are required for crime laboratory analysts?
What is the average salary for a crime laboratory analyst?
What is the job outlook for forensic laboratory analysts?
Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Crime Laboratory Analyst

What is a crime laboratory analyst?

A crime laboratory analyst, often referred to as a forensic science technician, plays a crucial role in criminal investigations by analyzing evidence collected from crime scenes. Their work involves meticulously examining and testing various types of physical evidence, such as DNA, fingerprints, ballistics, and chemical substances. This analysis helps to provide crucial information that can identify suspects, reconstruct crime scenes, and ultimately contribute to the pursuit of justice. As of 2023 there were 18,600 analysts employed in crime labs across the United States.

In essence, these professionals are the scientific backbone of many criminal investigations. They utilize a combination of scientific principles and advanced technology to interpret and present their findings. Their work is not limited to laboratory analysis; they may also be required to document their findings in detailed reports and even provide expert testimony in court. Therefore, a crime laboratory analyst must possess a strong foundation in science, exceptional attention to detail, and excellent communication skills.

Crime lab analysts in the U.S. workforce in 2023

What does a crime laboratory analyst do?

A crime laboratory analyst, or forensic science technician, performs a variety of scientific analyses on evidence collected from crime scenes. Their primary goal is to provide objective, scientific data that can be used in criminal investigations and court proceedings.

Their key responsibilities include:

Evidence Analysis: They examine and analyze physical evidence, which includes DNA samples, fingerprints, ballistics, chemical substances, and trace evidence.

Laboratory Procedures: They conduct various tests and analyses using specialized equipment and techniques, following strict protocols to ensure accuracy and reliability.

Documentation: They meticulously document their findings, including detailed notes, photographs, and reports, maintaining a chain of custody for all evidence.

Data Interpretation: They interpret the results of their analyses and draw conclusions that can be used to reconstruct crime scenes, identify suspects, and establish links between evidence and individuals.

Court Testimony: They may be called upon to provide expert testimony in court, explaining their findings and the scientific methods used in their analyses.

Equipment Maintenance: They ensure that laboratory equipment is properly maintained and calibrated.

For those drawn to more specialized roles in forensics, it's worth exploring how to become a blood spatter analyst, a path that combines biology, physics, and criminal investigation to help reconstruct violent crime scenes using blood pattern evidence.

What are the steps to becoming a crime laboratory analyst for 2025?

The U.S. local government employed 10,770 crime lab analysts in 2023, which makes it the industry with the highest concentration of forensic science technicians. Becoming a crime laboratory analyst involves a combination of education, training, and experience. Here's a breakdown of the typical steps:

Earn a Bachelor's Degree

A bachelor's degree from the top forensic science colleges is generally the minimum educational requirement. Common majors include forensic science, biology, chemistry, or related natural science. Coursework should include subjects like chemistry, biology, physics, and mathematics, as well as specialized forensic science courses.

Gain Practical Experience

Internships or laboratory experience are highly valuable. Many forensic science programs offer opportunities for students to gain hands-on experience in real-world settings. This experience helps develop essential skills and provides exposure to laboratory procedures and equipment.

Develop Specialized Skills

Crime laboratories often have specialized units, such as DNA analysis, toxicology, or ballistics. Developing expertise in a specific area can enhance career prospects.

Consider Certification

While not always required, professional certifications can demonstrate competency and enhance credibility. Organizations like the American Board of Criminalistics (ABC) offer certifications in various forensic science specialties.

Pursue Continuing Education

The field of forensic science is constantly evolving, so ongoing education is essential. Staying up-to-date with new technologies and techniques through online certificate programs is crucial for career advancement.

Job Search and Application

Look for job openings in local, state, or federal crime laboratories, as well as private forensic laboratories. Be prepared for background checks, drug tests, and potentially polygraph examinations.

Earning specialized skills in areas like DNA analysis, toxicology, or digital forensics can significantly boost a crime lab analyst's salary and career advancement opportunities, especially in state and federal government roles. Professionals with advanced certifications and expertise are more likely to secure higher-paying positions in local governments, which employs the most number of crime lab analysts, as shown in the chart that follows.

What are the different types of crime laboratory analysts?

Crime laboratory analysts are forensic science degree graduates that work in a field with diverse specializations, as the nature of evidence can vary significantly. Here's a look at some of the key types:

DNA Analysts: These specialists analyze biological samples like blood, saliva, and hair to create DNA profiles. Their work is crucial for identifying individuals and linking them to crime scenes.
Forensic Toxicologists: They examine bodily fluids and tissues to identify the presence of drugs, alcohol, poisons, and other substances. Their analyses help determine the role these substances played in a crime or death.
Forensic Ballistics Experts: These analysts specialize in firearms and ammunition. They examine bullets, shell casings, and firearms to determine their origins and whether they were used in a crime.
Trace Evidence Analysts: They analyze microscopic evidence like fibers, hair, glass, and soil. This type of evidence can link individuals or objects to a crime scene.
Fingerprint Analysts: These experts examine and compare fingerprints found at crime scenes with those in databases to identify individuals.
Forensic Chemists: These analysts identify and analyze unknown substances found at crime scenes. This can include the analysis of drugs, explosives, and other chemical compounds.
Digital Forensics Analysts: With the rise of cybercrime, these analysts specialize in recovering and analyzing digital evidence from computers, smartphones, and other electronic devices.

What degree do you need to become a crime laboratory analyst?

To become a crime laboratory analyst, you typically need at least a bachelor’s degree in a relevant scientific field. Some positions may require advanced degrees for career advancement.

Bachelor’s Degree (Minimum Requirement)

Most crime lab analysts hold a four-year bachelor’s degree in one of the following fields:

Forensic Science: Best option for those who want a direct path into forensic lab work.
Biology or Biochemistry: Ideal for DNA analysis, toxicology, or serology. Crime lab analyst is one of the careers in biology that pay well.
Chemistry: Required for forensic chemistry, drug analysis, and toxicology roles.
Criminal Justice with a Forensic Science Concentration: Good for combining forensic science with law enforcement knowledge.

Key Coursework: Genetics, microbiology, analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, molecular biology, statistics, and forensic techniques.

Master’s Degree (Recommended for Advancement)

A Master’s in Forensic Science, Biology, or Chemistry can improve job prospects, especially for:

Higher-level positions in federal crime labs (e.g., FBI, DEA) such as Senior Lab Analyst with an annual salary of $102,527.
Specialization in DNA analysis, toxicology, or digital forensics.
Teaching or forensic research careers.

Some employers may prefer or even require a master's degree for leadership roles in forensic laboratories.

Doctorate (Useful for Research and Expert Witness Roles)

A Ph.D. in Forensic Science, Molecular Biology, or Chemistry is typically required for:

Leading forensic research projects.
Teaching at the university level.
Serving as a high-level forensic consultant or expert witness in court cases.

Certifications and Specialized Training (Boosts Competitiveness)

While not a degree, some forensic analysts pursue professional certifications to strengthen their expertise. The following are some of the certifications that pay well.

American Board of Criminalistics (ABC): General forensic science certification.
American Board of Forensic Toxicology (ABFT): For forensic toxicologists.
International Association for Identification (IAI): For fingerprint analysts.

Can you become a crime laboratory analyst with an online degree?

It's important to understand the nuances of online education when considering a career as a crime laboratory analyst. While online degrees can play a role, certain aspects of this field require in-person, hands-on experience. Here's a breakdown:

Online Degree Benefits

Online programs can provide a strong foundation in the theoretical aspects of forensic science, criminal justice, and related fields. It can also lead to the highest paying criminology jobs.
They offer flexibility for individuals who need to balance education with other commitments.
Some online programs offer specialized courses that can enhance your knowledge in specific areas of forensic science.

Online Degree Limitations

Crime laboratory analysis heavily relies on practical laboratory skills. These skills are often best acquired through in-person laboratory work.
Many employers, particularly government agencies and accredited crime laboratories, may prioritize candidates with traditional, in-person laboratory experience.
Therefore, while you can learn theory online, you will likely need to supplement that education with real-world lab experience.
Some online programs are starting to offer ways to have those lab experiences, through at-home kits, or through scheduled in-person lab times.

If you are considering an online degree, look for programs that:

Are accredited by reputable organizations.
Offer opportunities for hands-on laboratory experience, either through on-campus components or partnerships with local laboratories.
Have strong connections with professionals in the forensic science field.

How long does it take to become a certified crime laboratory analyst?

Becoming a certified crime laboratory analyst typically takes four to six years, depending on education and certification requirements. Most analysts start by earning a bachelor’s degree in forensic science, chemistry, biology, or a related field, which takes about four years.

Some positions, especially in federal agencies or specialized forensic fields, may prefer or require a master’s degree, adding another two years. Gaining hands-on experience through internships or entry-level forensic technician roles can also be essential before pursuing certification.

After meeting education and experience requirements, analysts can pursue certifications such as the American Board of Criminalistics (ABC) Certification or the American Board of Forensic Toxicology (ABFT) Certification, which may take several months to a year to complete, including exam preparation.

Some crime labs require analysts to gain experience for a specific period before they qualify for certification. Overall, the path to becoming a certified crime laboratory analyst can take anywhere from five to eight years, depending on education, experience, and certification timelines.

How long does it take to become a crime lab analyst?

What are the costs associated with specialized forensic education?

Understanding the financial investment is integral when choosing a forensic science education pathway. Candidates should evaluate tuition fees, laboratory expenses, and costs associated with hands-on training or internship components. Many accredited programs offer detailed financial plans and scholarship opportunities to help mitigate these expenses, while alternative formats such as online studies may provide a more cost-effective solution. For additional insights into budgeting for an education in this field, consider reviewing how much does a criminal justice degree cost.

What challenges do crime laboratory analysts face in their day-to-day work?

Crime laboratory analysts encounter a range of challenges that impact both their analytical precision and professional growth. These challenges include managing high case volumes that demand quick yet accurate analyses, navigating rigorous quality assurance procedures and accreditation requirements, and adapting to ever-evolving technologies that require continuous skill updates. Additionally, analysts must work under the pressure of legal scrutiny, ensuring that evidence handling and documentation meet strict judicial standards while coordinating with law enforcement and legal teams. For industry professionals exploring alternative pathways or complementary fields, insights into criminology careers can further inform career development strategies.

Can an online criminal justice program enhance my forensic career?

Pursuing higher education can complement hands-on laboratory experience by providing access to advanced theoretical frameworks and the latest forensic methodologies. Accredited online programs offer flexibility and comprehensive coursework that supports the development of analytical, technical, and critical thinking skills essential for modern crime laboratory analysts. For professionals seeking to balance work with continuing education, earning a criminal justice degree online can serve as an effective pathway to achieve these objectives.

How are emerging technologies impacting crime laboratory analysis?

Recent advancements are redefining laboratory workflows and evidence analysis through the integration of automated instruments, artificial intelligence, and cloud-based data management systems. These technologies improve the accuracy of tests and streamline processes while demanding new technical skills and continuous training. Analysts are increasingly required to understand digital data security, advanced software tools, and interdisciplinary innovations that bridge traditional laboratory science with modern computational methods. Staying competitive in this evolving landscape may involve pursuing targeted continuing education opportunities, such as a forensic science degree online, to build expertise in emerging methodologies and technological applications.

How Can Legal Studies Enhance a Crime Laboratory Analyst’s Career?

Legal education provides crime laboratory analysts with vital insights into courtroom procedures, evidence handling standards, and ethical considerations that underpin forensic work. Understanding legal frameworks can improve the accuracy of report writing and expert testimony, ensuring that laboratory findings are presented in a manner that meets judicial expectations. Moreover, supplementing technical training with legal studies enhances professionals’ abilities to maintain rigorous chain-of-custody documentation and navigate complex regulatory environments. For those seeking to integrate legal expertise into their scientific career, pursuing an associate degree in legal studies online can offer a flexible opportunity to build foundational legal competencies without detracting from core forensic training.

How Can Interdisciplinary Experience Elevate a Crime Laboratory Analyst’s Career?

Integrating complementary skills from investigative, legal, and field operations can significantly enhance a crime laboratory analyst’s professional growth. Pursuing hands-on experience beyond the laboratory—such as collaborative projects with law enforcement or specialized training in areas like digital forensics and legal procedures—broadens career pathways and improves decision-making in complex cases. For example, understanding aspects of national security can open opportunities in federal agencies, especially for those interested in diversified roles. Professionals seeking to expand their expertise may also explore resources on how to become a field agent in the CIA, which provide insights into the value of cross-agency experience.

What certifications are required for crime laboratory analysts?

While certification is not always legally required, many crime labs prefer or mandate certification for crime laboratory analysts to ensure high standards of forensic analysis. The right certification depends on your forensic specialty, such as DNA analysis, toxicology, or fingerprint examination. Many of these roles also overlap with clinical technologist job requirements, particularly in areas like laboratory safety, precision data analysis, and specialized equipment handling.

Certifications and specializations also enhance salary. The Senior Biotechnology Analyst, for instance, receives $109,846 annually. The following are the top forensic science certifications based on specialization:

American Board of Criminalistics (ABC) Certification

The American Board of Criminalistics (ABC) Certification is ideal for professionals specializing in general forensic science, trace evidence, drug chemistry, and DNA analysis. To qualify, candidates must hold a bachelor’s degree in forensic science, chemistry, biology, or a related field, along with at least two years of professional forensic lab experience. The ABC offers two certification levels: the Diplomate of ABC (D-ABC), an advanced certification for experienced analysts, and the Fellow of ABC (F-ABC), a higher-level credential for forensic scientists with substantial expertise in the field.

American Board of Forensic Toxicology (ABFT) Certification

The American Board of Forensic Toxicology (ABFT) Certification is designed for forensic toxicologists who specialize in analyzing drugs, poisons, and alcohol in biological samples. To qualify, candidates must have a degree in chemistry, toxicology, or forensic science, along with at least two years of professional experience in forensic toxicology. The ABFT offers a Forensic Toxicology Certification, which focuses on drug analysis, poison detection, and chemical testing. This certification is often required for forensic toxicologists working in crime labs, medical examiners' offices, and law enforcement agencies.

International Association for Identification (IAI) Certification

The International Association for Identification (IAI) Certification is ideal for latent fingerprint analysts, crime scene investigators, and forensic photographers. To qualify, candidates must have 1–2 years of experience in crime scene investigation or fingerprint analysis, along with the completion of forensic training courses. The IAI offers several certification options, including the Certified Latent Print Examiner (CLPE) for fingerprint analysts, the Certified Crime Scene Investigator (CCSI) for professionals specializing in evidence collection and analysis, and the Certified Forensic Photographer (CFP) for experts in forensic photography.

Association of Firearm and Tool Mark Examiners (AFTE) Certification

The Association of Firearm and Tool Mark Examiners (AFTE) Certification is essential for firearms and ballistics analysts and is often required for forensic firearm examiners in law enforcement agencies. Candidates must have a bachelor’s degree in forensic science or criminalistics, along with at least two years of experience analyzing firearms, bullets, and tool marks. This certification validates expertise in forensic ballistics and enhances career opportunities in crime labs and investigative agencies.

Forensic Document Examiner Certification

The Forensic Document Examiner Certification is designed for professionals who specialize in analyzing handwriting, signatures, and document authenticity. To qualify, candidates must have a bachelor’s degree and complete at least two years of training in forensic document examination. This certification is essential for experts working in crime labs, government agencies, and legal investigations, ensuring accuracy in verifying documents and detecting forgery.

Digital Forensics Certifications

For professionals working with digital evidence, including computers, mobile devices, and data recovery, obtaining a digital forensics certification is essential. Two key certifications in this field include the Certified Forensic Computer Examiner (CFCE), offered by the International Association of Computer Investigative Specialists (IACIS), and the GIAC Certified Forensic Examiner (GCFE), which focuses on forensic analysis of operating systems, logs, and digital data. These certifications enhance credibility and expertise in digital investigations, making them valuable for forensic analysts in law enforcement, cybersecurity, and private investigations.

What is the average salary for a crime laboratory analyst?

The average salary for a crime laboratory analyst ranges from $55,000 to $85,000 per year, depending on factors such as experience, location, and employer type. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), forensic science technicians, which include crime lab analysts, earn a median salary of around $63,740 annually.

Entry-level analysts typically start at $50,000 to $60,000, while experienced professionals in specialized fields such as DNA analysis or toxicology can earn upwards of $90,000. If you're wondering how do I start a career in crime scene investigation, it's important to note that crime scene investigation roles may have different salary structures, but similarly, experience and location play significant roles in determining pay. Federal agencies like the FBI and DEA often offer higher pay than state and local crime labs.

Analysts working in high-cost-of-living areas like California, New York, and Washington, D.C. tend to earn more, while private forensic labs and consulting roles may offer salaries that exceed $100,000 for senior positions. Experience, advanced degrees, and certifications can further increase earning potential in this field.

The salary of a crime laboratory analyst varies based on experience, specialization, and employer, with opportunities for advancement in state and federal agencies. The chart below highlights annual salary ranges for entry-level, mid-career, and senior analysts.

What is the job outlook for forensic laboratory analysts?

The job outlook for forensic science technicians, including forensic laboratory analysts, is generally positive, with continued demand driven by technological advancements and the growing importance of scientific evidence in criminal investigations. As law enforcement agencies increasingly rely on forensics to solve complex cases, the need for skilled analysts remains strong.

To improve job prospects, it's important to understand crime analyst job requirements, as many forensic laboratory analysts work closely with crime analysts to interpret data and support investigations. These requirements often include a degree in forensic science, biology, or chemistry, along with specialized training in evidence handling and lab procedures.

Emerging areas like DNA analysis, toxicology, and digital forensics offer new career pathways, while certifications and practical lab experience significantly boost employability. However, since hiring is partially influenced by government budgets, competition can be intense—making advanced qualifications and experience especially valuable.

Here's What professionals Have to Say About Becoming Crime Laboratory Analysts

Working as a crime laboratory analyst has been incredibly fulfilling—I get to combine my love for science with real-world problem-solving that helps bring justice to victims. The job is challenging, but the excitement of analyzing evidence and uncovering the truth makes every day rewarding. Knowing that my work directly impacts criminal investigations gives me a strong sense of purpose. Jessica

The path to becoming a crime lab analyst took years of study and training, but landing a job in a state crime lab made it all worth it. The hands-on experience with cutting-edge forensic technology and constant learning opportunities keep me engaged and motivated. Plus, the demand for skilled analysts means strong job security and career growth. Mark

One of the best parts of my career is the teamwork—collaborating with law enforcement, attorneys, and forensic specialists to piece together crucial evidence. Every case is a new puzzle, and the sense of accomplishment when we help solve a crime is unbeatable. If you have a passion for science and justice, this career is incredibly rewarding. Rachel

Key Findings

As of 2023, 18,600 crime laboratory analysts were employed across the United States.
Local government agencies employed 10,770 crime lab analysts, making it the largest employer of forensic science technicians.
Federal crime labs, such as the FBI and DEA, offer higher-level positions like Senior Lab Analyst, with salaries reaching $102,527 annually.
The path to becoming a certified crime laboratory analyst typically takes five to eight years, depending on education, experience, and certification requirements.
Certifications and specializations significantly impact salary, with roles like Senior Biotechnology Analyst earning $109,846 per year.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), forensic science technicians, including crime lab analysts, earn a median salary of $63,740 annually.
Entry-level salaries range from $50,000 to $60,000, while experienced analysts in specialized fields like DNA analysis or toxicology can earn over $90,000 per year.

Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Crime Laboratory Analyst

Is a crime laboratory analyst the same as a forensic scientist?

No, a crime laboratory analyst is a type of forensic scientist, but the terms are not always interchangeable. A forensic scientist is a broader term that includes professionals who work in both field investigations (crime scene examiners) and laboratory settings, while a crime laboratory analyst specializes in analyzing evidence strictly in a lab. Crime lab analysts typically focus on DNA, toxicology, firearms, or trace evidence rather than investigating crime scenes directly.

Can crime laboratory analysts transition into criminal investigation roles?

Yes, crime laboratory analysts can transition into criminal investigation roles, but it often requires additional training or field experience. Many analysts gain expertise in forensic evidence analysis and later pursue roles as crime scene investigators (CSIs), detectives, or forensic consultants. Earning certifications, gaining law enforcement experience, or working closely with investigative teams can help facilitate the transition.

How important is a master's degree for advancing as a crime laboratory analyst?

A master’s degree is not always required for a crime laboratory analyst but can significantly enhance career advancement opportunities. It provides specialized knowledge in forensic science, DNA analysis, or toxicology, making candidates more competitive for senior analyst, supervisory, or federal agency roles. While experience and certifications also play a key role, a master's degree can lead to higher salaries and leadership positions in crime labs.

What are the highest-paying crime laboratory analyst jobs?

The highest-paying crime laboratory analyst jobs are typically in federal agencies like the FBI, DEA, and ATF, where salaries can exceed $100,000 per year. Specializing in DNA analysis, forensic toxicology, or digital forensics also leads to higher pay, especially in private forensic labs or consulting roles. Senior positions, such as forensic lab directors or chief forensic scientists, offer the most earning potential.