How To Become a Crime Scene Investigator for 2025

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Every investigation starts at the crime scene, where essential clues can uncover what took place. Crime scene investigators (CSIs) are vital in collecting, preserving, and analyzing this evidence to support law enforcement in solving cases. Their findings can be the difference between solving a case and leaving it unsolved, making their work a crucial part of the justice system.

A crime scene investigator can work in various settings, including police departments, forensic laboratories, and government agencies. Their responsibilities range from collecting and preserving evidence to analyzing physical materials or documenting crime scenes through reports or photographs. This career requires precision, attention to detail, and the ability to work under pressure or in extreme environments.

In this guide, we will explore the steps to becoming a crime scene investigator, including the education, training, and certifications needed. We will also discuss career paths, salary expectations, job outlook, and other essential information to help you pursue this rewarding profession.

Key Things You Should Know About Becoming a Crime Scene Investigator

While some agencies accept candidates with an associate degree, most require a bachelor’s degree in criminology, forensic science, or a related field. Advanced roles may also require specialized certifications or additional training.
Beyond formal education, practical experience through internships or on-the-job training is crucial. Many CSIs undergo field training programs to learn proper evidence collection and crime scene procedures.
Crime scene investigators earn around $55,000 to $89,000 annually, though wages usually vary depending on location, specific role, level of experience or education, and additional credentials.

What does a crime scene investigator do?
How to Become a Crime Scene Investigator in 2025?
Where do crime scene investigators work?
What kind of training do crime scene investigators need?
What are the best CSI certifications to advance your career?
What are the top skills for crime scene investigators?
What is the average salary of a crime scene investigator?
How can continuing education boost your crime scene investigation career?
What Legal and Ethical Standards Govern Crime Scene Investigations?
Can advanced degrees truly elevate a CSI career?
How Can Interdisciplinary Certifications Enhance Your CSI Career?
What Role Does Interdisciplinary Legal Training Play in Advancing CSI Careers?
What emerging technologies are enhancing forensic investigations?
What are the career pathways for a crime scene investigator?
What is the job outlook for crime scene investigators?
What are the biggest challenges crime scene investigators face?
Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Crime Scene Investigator

What does a crime scene investigator do?

According to the International Crime Scene Investigators Association (n.d.), CSIs support the main investigator of a case. Their work helps law enforcement reconstruct events, identify suspects, and aid legal proceedings. Due to the nature of their work, the career of CSIs demands a blend of scientific expertise, investigative skills, and attention to detail to ensure accurate and reliable evidence handling.

Key responsibilities of a crime scene investigator include the following:

Crime Scene Documentation: A crime scene investigator photographs and sketches the scene, records observations, and writes comprehensive reports. This information provides a clear narrative of the scene for use in investigations and future legal proceedings.
Evidence Collection and Preservation: They also collect physical evidence, such as fingerprints, DNA samples, weapons, and trace materials. In addition, they follow strict protocols to maintain the chain of custody and prevent contamination.
Collaboration and Court Testimony: Crime scene investigators work closely with and assist police officers, forensic scientists, and pathologists. They may also testify in court as expert witnesses or liaisons between lawyers and forensic scientists or law enforcement.

Crime scene investigation is one of the careers in criminology that combines scientific analysis with investigative work, making it a crucial arm of the justice system. Therefore, aspiring CSIs must clearly understand the scope of their work to determine whether this career matches their expectations and goals.

How to Become a Crime Scene Investigator in 2025?

There are multiple ways to become a crime scene investigator, and it usually starts with getting the right education. In general, positions like forensic science technicians, criminalists, or crime laboratory specialists require candidates to have a four-year degree. However, a high school diploma or GED may be sufficient for crime scene technician roles. Some rural or smaller agencies may also hire candidates with these basic qualifications if they complete specialized training programs.

Furthermore, consider the following steps:

Earn a Relevant Degree: Obtain an associate or bachelor’s degree in forensic science, criminology, criminal justice, or biology. These majors help build a strong foundation in evidence analysis, crime scene procedures, and legal standards.
Gain Practical Experience: Internships with law enforcement agencies or forensic labs offer valuable hands-on training in evidence collection and crime scene analysis. Many agencies also have field training programs that allow new investigators to learn directly from experienced professionals.
Become a Sworn Officer (Alternative Pathway): Some crime scene investigators start as cops before transitioning into specialized roles. After completing training through colleges for police officers, sworn-in officers can pursue additional coursework and certifications to specialize in crime scene investigation.
Obtain Certifications: While not always required, professional certification can strengthen your qualifications. These certifications demonstrate specialized expertise in crime scene investigation and may open doors to advanced roles.
Pass State Requirements: Your state’s agency may require you to pass a written proficiency exam and a practical exam for entry-level positions or independent work. To ensure you are eligible, it is best to review your state’s requirements.

Becoming a crime scene investigator allows you to help address the nation’s most pressing criminal cases. With 6,419,149 property crimes and 1,218,467 violent crimes reported in the U.S. in 2023 (Statista, 2024), the need for skilled professionals to support investigations remains high. By pursuing the right education and training, you can contribute to solving these cases.

Where do crime scene investigators work?

Crime scene investigators work in diverse environments, each requiring specialized skills and attention to detail. Depending on the employer and jurisdiction, a crime scene investigator may work in the field, in laboratories, or within law enforcement agencies. These settings include:

Law Enforcement Agencies: Many crime scene investigators are employed by local, state, or federal law enforcement agencies. They respond to crime scenes, gather physical evidence, and collaborate with detectives and forensic experts to build cases. Some positions within these agencies require candidates to complete police academy training or possess a forensic science degree for advanced investigative roles.
Forensic Laboratories: In forensic labs, crime scene investigators analyze collected evidence. They implement advanced scientific methods to identify suspects or verify case details. This setting is ideal for those who wish to focus on laboratory-based forensic techniques.
Private Investigation Firms: Some crime scene investigators work for private firms specializing in criminal defense, insurance claims, or independent investigations. They may reexamine evidence, reconstruct crime scenes, or provide expert testimony in court.
Educational Services: Other CSIs are employed in educational institutions where they train future forensic professionals. These roles typically require substantial field experience and advanced degrees in criminal justice, forensic science, or education.
Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services: In this setting, they analyze building materials, fire damage, or mechanical failures to determine causes of structural collapses, arson incidents, or workplace accidents. Their expertise is crucial in legal cases involving defective construction, safety violations, or engineering failures.

Crime scene investigators work in various settings, but many are in local and state government agencies and law enforcement. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2024) reported that employers in these sectors hired approximately 15,380 forensic science technicians, including CSIs, in 2023.

With this in mind, most CSIs work full-time and remain on call, often responding to crime scenes outside regular business hours. Therefore, aspiring professionals must be prepared for a fast-paced, detail-oriented career. Their dedication ensures they collect crucial evidence whenever and wherever needed.

This chart shows the largest shares of employers of forensic science technicians in the U.S.

What kind of training do crime scene investigators need?

Many students begin their journey by earning the easiest criminal justice degree or a related discipline, which can provide a foundational understanding of law enforcement, forensic procedures, or data analysis. However, becoming a crime scene investigator also requires extensive hands-on training to develop the practical skills needed for collecting and analyzing evidence. Aspiring CSIs gain this through the following avenues:

Crime Scene Training Programs: Law enforcement agencies, community colleges, and forensic organizations offer hands-on training programs. These programs teach essential skills in evidence collection, fingerprinting, and crime scene photography. Participants often practice at mock crime scenes, which allows them to learn how to secure evidence and follow chain-of-custody procedures.
Internships and Field Experience: Internships with police departments, forensic labs, or medical examiners’ offices provide direct experience in real investigations. Trainees assist with processing crime scenes, preparing evidence for analysis, and maintaining detailed reports. These experiences offer a realistic view of CSI duties while building essential technical and observational skills.
Specialized Workshops and Certifications: Professional organizations like the International Association for Identification (IAI) and local police academies offer specialized workshops in forensic photography, bloodstain pattern analysis, and latent print development. These programs provide advanced, practical training and can lead to professional certifications that enhance career prospects.

Practical training prepares crime scene investigators to handle complex cases with accuracy and professionalism. Therefore, students who invest in hands-on experiences gain the confidence and technical expertise required to succeed in this demanding but rewarding field.

What are the best CSI certifications to advance your career?

With professional certifications, a crime scene investigator can demonstrate advanced knowledge, technical skills, and a commitment to maintaining industry standards. Moreover, it can open doors to higher-paying roles and specialized positions within law enforcement, forensic laboratories, and government agencies.

Key certifications to advance a CSI career include:

Certified Crime Scene Investigator (CCSI): Offered by the International Association for Identification (IAI), this basic certification is ideal for professionals with at least one year of crime scene experience.
Certified Crime Scene Analyst (CCSA): Also provided by the IAI, this mid-level certification requires a few years of experience and a thorough understanding of advanced forensic techniques. It is a valuable credential for those seeking leadership roles in crime scene investigations.
Senior Crime Scene Analyst (SCSA): The IAI also provides certification for experienced professionals who exhibit mastery in crime scene investigation. Candidates must meet stringent education and work experience requirements.
Specialized Certifications: In addition, the IAI offers various specialized certifications in forensic disciplines, such as footwear examination, bloodstain pattern analysis, forensic photography and imaging, fingerprinting, and forensic video. These credentials validate expertise in niche areas of forensic science.

For those considering a more focused forensic career, it's worth looking into the blood spatter analyst job outlook, which remains steady due to the critical role blood pattern analysis plays in violent crime investigations. With the right certification and experience, professionals in this field can secure roles in law enforcement agencies, private consulting, or forensic laboratories.

Earning CSI certifications not only widens career prospects but also strengthens the integrity of forensic investigations. A 2024 study by the National Institute of Justice found that forensic medicine evidence in pediatric physical abuse cases contained at least one laboratory error in 83% of cases. Moreover, 73% of bitemark analyses and results were either classified or interpreted incorrectly.

These findings highlight the importance of skilled professionals dedicated to maintaining the accuracy and reliability of forensic investigations. Therefore, pursuing the right certifications equips crime scene investigators with the expertise to adhere to industry standards, minimizing the chances of mistakes that could influence legal decisions.

What are the top skills for crime scene investigators?

Success in crime scene investigation relies on a blend of technical expertise, analytical thinking, and practical problem-solving. Possessing these skills ensures crime scene investigators can handle their jobs thoroughly and professionally.

Aspiring CSIs must have the following key skills:

Attention to Detail: Being detail-oriented ensures crime scene investigators document and preserve every piece of evidence accurately. This precision is vital for maintaining the integrity of the investigation and supporting legal proceedings.
Analytical Thinking: Interpreting evidence requires connecting physical clues with investigative theories. Having analytical skills allows CSIs to reconstruct crime scenes, understand the sequence of events, and form logical conclusions.
Problem-Solving Skills: Crime scenes are unpredictable, requiring professionals to think quickly and adapt to new challenges. Strong problem-solving skills help in analyzing complex evidence and determining the best methods for collection and preservation.
Mathematical Skills: Crime scene investigators rely on math to quantify and interpret physical data. These skills are critical for providing precise and scientifically valid conclusions.
Technology Skills: Modern forensic investigations use advanced tools like crime mapping software, digital imaging, and evidence analysis programs. Proficiency with these technologies allows investigators to process evidence more efficiently.
Communication and Writing Skills: Crime scene investigators must have strong communication skills to convey details to their colleagues. They must also be able to write reports accurately to ensure a smooth flow of information throughout the investigation.

Mastering these skills is essential for anyone pursuing a career as a crime scene investigator. With ongoing training and hands-on experience, these competencies continue to develop, increasing both effectiveness and career potential. For those exploring related paths, such as criminal justice, CSI is one example of what jobs can you get with a degree in criminal justice administration.

What is the average salary of a crime scene investigator?

A crime scene investigator earns a competitive salary, though actual pay can vary based on experience, education, and geographic location. According to PayScale, CSIs usually earn $55,470, but senior professionals may earn up to $89,114.

In contrast, the BLS reports that forensic science technicians, which may include CSIs, earn a median annual wage of approximately $63,740. Entry-level positions typically pay around $48,000 per year, while experienced professionals working in specialized roles or high-demand areas can earn over $100,000 annually.

Those employed by federal agencies or major metropolitan police departments often earn higher wages compared to local or rural agencies. Additionally, candidates with advanced training or degrees may access better-paying roles.

Aspiring professionals with a background in biology may also notice an overlap with CSI work. It may not always lead to the highest paying jobs with a biology degree, but it can lead to more competitive specialized forensic roles in DNA and genetic analysis, toxicology, or environmental forensics.

Overall, pursuing a career as a crime scene investigator offers both financial stability and long-term growth potential. With continued education and specialized certifications, professionals can advance into supervisory roles or forensic science research, which can increase their earning potential.

How can continuing education boost your crime scene investigation career?

Ongoing professional development is essential for crime scene investigators seeking to differentiate themselves in a competitive field. Specialized training programs, advanced certifications, and updated forensic methodologies can enhance technical proficiency and adaptability to emerging technologies. In addition, enrolling in accredited courses, such as a cheap online criminal justice degree, can provide flexibility and practical insights that directly translate to improved on-site performance and leadership capabilities.

What Legal and Ethical Standards Govern Crime Scene Investigations?

Crime scene investigators must adhere strictly to legal mandates and ethical protocols to preserve evidence integrity and maintain public trust. Professionals are required to follow precise chain-of-custody procedures, respect privacy rights, and ensure compliance with relevant laws during all phases of evidence collection and analysis. Maintaining these standards not only safeguards the judicial process but also enhances career credibility and progression, paralleling insights into a criminal justice degree salary.

Can advanced degrees truly elevate a CSI career?

Advanced academic programs offer crime scene investigators opportunities to deepen their expertise and broaden their strategic perspective in forensic investigations. Pursuing a master’s degree or specialized graduate certificate can enrich understanding of complex legal frameworks, sophisticated evidence analysis, and ethical standards crucial for high-stakes investigations. Many advanced programs also integrate emerging technologies and leadership training, preparing professionals for supervisory roles and specialized consulting positions. For further academic enhancement and flexible study options, consider legal studies online programs.

How Can Interdisciplinary Certifications Enhance Your CSI Career?

Integrating interdisciplinary certifications can fortify a CSI’s competence by bridging forensic science with legal expertise. Tailored certifications that focus on legal procedures support the investigator’s ability to manage courtroom testimony and evidence documentation with precision. For instance, enrolling in the cheapest paralegal certificate program can sharpen skills related to legal analysis and effective communication with prosecution teams. This strategic educational expansion helps professionals navigate complex legal frameworks and develop a more comprehensive investigative approach, ultimately enhancing career prospects and performance.

What Role Does Interdisciplinary Legal Training Play in Advancing CSI Careers?

Integrating legal education with forensic expertise can elevate the precision and courtroom effectiveness of a crime scene investigator. This interdisciplinary training enhances understanding of evidence handling under complex legal frameworks and improves testimony delivery by aligning technical findings with legal protocols. For instance, engaging in accelerated online paralegal certification programs can provide CSIs with targeted skills to navigate legal challenges without overlapping core forensic procedures, thereby bolstering professional credibility and investigative outcomes.

What emerging technologies are enhancing forensic investigations?

Recent advancements have transformed evidence collection and analysis, integrating digital imaging, 3D scene reconstruction, and biometric technologies into routine fieldwork. Enhanced data analytics and AI-driven pattern recognition are accelerating complex case evaluations while improving accuracy in evidence interpretation. These technological tools require crime scene investigators to engage in continuous learning and cross-disciplinary training—further supported by attaining specialized certifications such as DEA qualifications.

What are the career pathways for a crime scene investigator?

A crime scene investigator can dive into several technical specialties or related forensic fields. These career options offer CSIs diverse opportunities to apply their investigative skills while contributing to the justice system.

These pathways include the following, with pay estimates from the BLS, PayScale, and ZipRecruiter:

Forensic Science Technician ($71,540): These professionals collect, analyze, and interpret physical evidence from crime scenes. They often work in laboratories, processing DNA, fingerprints, and other forensic materials to support criminal investigations.
Forensic Photographer ($42,345): Specializing in documenting crime scenes, forensic photographers capture detailed images of evidence. These photos play a critical role in reconstructing events and supporting cases in court.
Bloodstain Pattern Analyst ($65,589): This specialty focuses on analyzing blood patterns at crime scenes to determine how a crime occurred. Analysts use their findings to reconstruct events and provide crucial insights to law enforcement.
Digital Forensic Analyst ($70,429): These experts recover and examine digital evidence from computers, mobile devices, and networks. Their work is essential for solving cyber crimes and tracking digital activity related to criminal cases.
Forensic Accountant ($79,288): This career path involves investigating financial crimes like fraud, embezzlement, and money laundering. Professionals can pursue a forensic accounting degree online to specialize in tracking complex financial transactions and assisting legal teams.
Fingerprint Analyst ($63,187): Specialists in this role focus on collecting, processing, and analyzing fingerprint evidence. Their findings are critical for identifying suspects and verifying identities in criminal investigations.
Forensic Toxicologist ($75,463): Forensic toxicologists test biological samples for drugs, alcohol, and toxins. Their work is essential in cases involving poisoning, substance abuse, and unexplained deaths.
Criminal Investigator ($95,930): Crime scene investigators can transition into broader investigative roles, handling case management, interviewing witnesses, and collaborating with law enforcement agencies to solve crimes.

The career pathways for crime scene investigators are diverse, offering opportunities to specialize and grow within the field. With the right training and experience, professionals can shape a rewarding career in forensic science and criminal justice.

This chart reveals the average salaries of crime scene investigators and similar careers.

What is the job outlook for crime scene investigators?

The job outlook for crime scene investigators remains steady. As crime rates fluctuate, law enforcement agencies continue to rely on skilled professionals to process crime scenes and provide critical evidence—making this one of the many jobs you can get with a law enforcement degree. This ongoing demand ensures consistent opportunities for those entering the field.

In particular, the BLS projects a 14% increase in forensic science technician jobs from 2023 to 2033, which is much faster than the average for all occupations. This translates to around 64,940 annual openings throughout the decade.

Many positions can be attributed to the exits in the field. However, it is also fueled by technological advancements that require specialized training and expertise, increasing the demand for qualified investigators. As forensic methods evolve, crime scene investigators with advanced education and specialized skills will have the best job prospects.

Candidates who pursue additional certifications or expertise in areas like digital forensics or DNA analysis may access higher-paying roles and leadership opportunities. A career as a crime scene investigator offers long-term stability and room for advancement within law enforcement and forensic science.

This chart reveals the growth projections of employment for forensic science and other professionals in the U.S.

What are the biggest challenges crime scene investigators face?

Crime scene investigators encounter numerous challenges that demand resilience, precision, and adaptability. Understanding these obstacles is especially important for those asking, "How do I start a career in crime analysis?" since many of the same pressures apply to both CSIs and crime analysts.

Emotional and Psychological Stress: Investigating violent crimes and handling disturbing evidence can take an emotional toll. A crime scene investigator may face trauma exposure daily, requiring strong coping mechanisms and mental health support.
Working in Difficult Conditions: Crime scenes can be unpredictable, exposing professionals to hazardous materials, extreme weather, and unsafe environments. Aspiring CSIs must be prepared to face these challenges.
Maintaining Evidence Integrity: Crime scene investigators must follow strict protocols and chain-of-custody procedures to prevent errors that could jeopardize a case. Even minor mistakes can result in evidence being ruled inadmissible in court.
Long and Irregular Hours: The unpredictable nature of crime means being on-call for emergencies, leading to long hours and physical exhaustion, so balancing work demands with personal life can be difficult.
Staying Current with Technology: Crime scene investigators must stay updated on new evidence collection techniques and legal standards to remain effective. Therefore, falling behind on technological developments can limit career growth and accuracy.

Despite these challenges, the work of a crime scene investigator is both rewarding and essential to the justice system. For those who are detail-oriented, resilient, and passionate about forensic science, overcoming these obstacles leads to a meaningful and impactful career.

Here’s What Graduates Have to Say About Their Careers as Crime Scene Investigators

“Working as a CSI has exceeded all my expectations. The job is fast-paced and detail-oriented, which keeps me sharp and engaged. I’ve had the chance to work with advanced forensic technology and learn cutting-edge investigative techniques. It’s incredibly satisfying to see my findings directly impact criminal cases.” - Maureen
“As a crime scene investigator, no two days are ever the same. One day, I’m documenting evidence at a crime scene, and the next, I’m testifying in court. The job challenges me intellectually while allowing me to serve my community. The training I received gave me the confidence to handle high-pressure situations. I can’t imagine a more thrilling career.” - Craig
“Becoming a CSI has been a roller coaster journey. The training was intensive and sometimes overwhelming, but it equipped me to handle everything from analyzing crime scenes to presenting evidence in court. I find meaning in what I do, which is scientific investigation and public service. Every day, I know I’m helping solve cases.” - Daryll

Key Findings

There were 6,419,149 property crimes and 1,218,467 violent crimes in the U.S. in 2023.
Employers in local and state government agencies hired approximately 15,380 forensic science technicians, including CSIs, in 2023.
Forensic medicine evidence in pediatric physical abuse cases contained at least one laboratory error in 83% of cases. Moreover, 73% of bitemark analyses and results were either classified or interpreted incorrectly.
CSIs usually earn $55,470, but senior professionals may earn up to $89,114. In contrast, forensic science technicians, professionals who interpret physical evidence from crime scenes in laboratories, earn $71,540.
There will be a 14% increase in forensic science technician jobs from 2023 to 2033, which is much faster than the average for all occupations. This translates to around 64,940 annual openings throughout the decade.

Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Crime Scene Investigator

What is the difference between a crime scene investigator and a forensic scientist?

A CSI primarily works at crime scenes, collecting, documenting, and preserving physical evidence. They often collaborate with law enforcement and may testify in court. In contrast, a forensic scientist works in a laboratory, analyzing evidence using scientific methods to identify substances, interpret biological samples, or reconstruct crime events. While their work overlaps, CSIs focus on fieldwork, and forensic scientists specialize in laboratory-based analysis.

What degree is best for CSI?

The best degrees for a crime scene investigator are forensic science, criminology, criminal justice, or biology. A forensic science degree provides specialized training in evidence analysis. Criminology focuses on understanding criminal behavior and the social factors that influence crime while criminal justice programs cover legal procedures and investigative techniques. Finally, biology provides a strong foundation in DNA analysis, toxicology, and other forensic applications. Some agencies also accept degrees in chemistry or anthropology for specialized forensic roles. Pursuing hands-on training and certifications alongside these degrees can improve job prospects and prepare candidates for real-world crime scene investigations.

Is CSI the same as police?

No, crime scene investigators and police officers are not the same. However, they often work closely together during criminal investigations. Crime scene investigators focus on collecting, preserving, and analyzing physical evidence while police officers handle law enforcement duties such as interviewing witnesses, making arrests, and maintaining public safety. In some cases, police officers can receive additional training to become crime scene investigators. Both roles are essential in solving crimes and ensuring that justice is served.

Is CSI a stressful job?

Yes, being a crime scene investigator can be stressful due to the nature of the work. CSIs often face long hours, irregular schedules, and the emotional toll of handling violent or traumatic crime scenes. In addition, wages for civilian CSIs tend to be slightly lower, but those who are also sworn police officers often earn higher salaries.

References:

PayScale. (2025a, January 24). Average Crime Scene Investigator (CSI) Salary. Retrieved March 14, 2025, from https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Crime_Scene_Investigator_(CSI)/Salary
PayScale. (2025b, May 8). Average Senior Crime Analyst Salary. Retrieved March 14, 2025, from https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Senior_Crime_Analyst/Salary
Statista. (2024, September). Number of committed crimes in the United States in 2023, by type of crime. https://www.statista.com/statistics/202714/number-of-committed-crimes-in-the-us-by-type-of-crime
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024a, April 3). Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2023: Forensic Science Technicians. Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/field-of-degree/business/business-field-of-degree.htm
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024b, August 29). Occupational projections, 2023–33, and worker characteristics, 2023 (Numbers in thousands). Employment Projections. https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/occupational-projections-and-characteristics.htm
ZipRecruiter. (2025, March 10). Fingerprint Analyst Salary. Retrieved March 14, 2025, from https://www.ziprecruiter.com/Salaries/Fingerprint-Analyst-Salary#Yearly