5 Best Health Science Majors to Pursue in 2025

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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What can I expect from a health science major program?

• Health Sciences: Expect a broad, interdisciplinary curriculum focusing on human health and disease. Core courses often include anatomy, physiology, and medical ethics, providing a solid foundation for various clinical and non-clinical roles.
• Nursing (RN): A rigorous curriculum combining classroom instruction with extensive clinical rotations. You'll gain hands-on experience in a variety of settings like hospitals, clinics, and community health centers, learning to assess patients, administer medications, and provide direct care.
• Pharmaceutical Sciences: Programs emphasize chemistry, biology, and the science behind drugs. Expect significant laboratory work, research projects, and courses in pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and drug delivery systems.
• Dental Hygiene: A career-focused program blending academic courses with practical clinical experience. You'll learn patient communication, oral anatomy, radiology, and how to perform professional cleanings and examinations.
• Public Health: A curriculum centered on community health and population-level issues. You'll study epidemiology, biostatistics, health policy, and environmental health, often with a focus on disease prevention and health promotion on a large scale.

Where can I work with a degree in health sciences?

• Health Sciences: Hospitals, clinics, rehabilitation centers, public health departments, and research institutions.
• Nursing (RN): Hospitals (acute care and long-term), outpatient care centers, schools, and home healthcare services.
• Pharmaceutical Sciences: Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, regulatory agencies like the FDA, research institutions, and cosmetic companies.
• Dental Hygiene: Private dental practices, community health clinics, hospitals, and educational institutions as instructors.
• Public Health: Government agencies (CDC, local health departments), non-profit organizations, international health organizations, and corporate wellness programs.

How much can I make with a degree in health sciences?

• Health Sciences: Salaries for general roles like a Health Educator average around $56,500, but a degree can lead to roles like a Healthcare Administrator, which can earn over $104,830.
• Nursing (RN): The average salary is approximately $98,430 annually. With experience and specialization, salaries can exceed $135,000.
• Pharmaceutical Sciences: A bachelor's degree can lead to a starting salary of $65,000 to $85,000, with master's-level roles often exceeding $100,000.
• Dental Hygiene: The median annual salary is around $87,530, with a high earning potential due to consistent demand.
• Public Health: Salaries for roles like Epidemiologists average around $81,994, while more specialized positions can lead to significantly higher earnings.

5 Best Health Science Majors to Pursue in 2025

Choosing a health science major is an important decision, and these programs offer distinct benefits to help you launch a successful career. They are designed to provide specialized knowledge, practical skills, and a clear path toward high-demand professions. From hands-on patient care to large-scale public health initiatives, each of these degrees prepares you for a rewarding career with excellent job stability and growth potential. 

Dental Hygiene

The dental hygiene major focuses on the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, offering a direct path to a clinical career. Students gain the technical expertise to perform preventive care, patient screenings, and oral health education, making them valuable members of a healthcare team. The program is highly structured, emphasizing practical skills and professional readiness, which leads to excellent job stability. If you enjoy working closely with people and want to make a visible impact on patient health, this degree provides both purpose and flexibility. The dental hygienist program length depends on the degree type.

• Approximate Cost: Around $22,692 for an associate degree; about $36,382 for a bachelor’s degree
• Best Universities: University of Michigan; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• Curricula: Oral anatomy, dental radiology, periodontology, pain control
• Duration: Two years for an associate degree; four years for a bachelor’s degree
• Skills: Dexterity, attention to detail, patient communication, empathy

Health Sciences

The health sciences major is a versatile and interdisciplinary program that provides a broad understanding of the healthcare system. It is an excellent choice for students interested in healthcare but undecided about a specific career path. The curriculum blends science, ethics, and policy to prepare graduates for roles in administration, research, and public health. With a foundation that can lead to graduate study in medicine, public health, or healthcare management, this major opens the door to diverse and rewarding opportunities.

• Approximate Cost: $25,000–$60,000 (depending on institution type)
• Best Universities: Johns Hopkins University; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• Curricula: Anatomy, epidemiology, health policy, medical ethics
• Duration: Four years for a bachelor’s degree
• Skills: Research, analytical skills, problem-solving, communication

Nursing

The nursing (RN) major provides a direct route to a high-demand, patient-centered career. This program combines rigorous classroom instruction with intensive clinical training to prepare students for the complexities of modern healthcare. Registered nurses are integral to patient care, serving as advocates, educators, and frontline caregivers across all specialties. With a growing demand for nurses worldwide, this degree offers excellent career security, high earning potential, and countless opportunities for specialization. 

• Approximate Cost: $40,000–$100,000+ for a BSN program
• Best Universities: University of Pennsylvania; Duke University
• Curricula: Pharmacology, medical-surgical nursing, pediatrics, public health nursing
• Duration: Four years for a BSN; two years for an ADN
• Skills: Critical thinking, resilience, empathy, communication

Pharmaceutical Sciences

The pharmaceutical sciences major emphasizes the scientific study of drug discovery, development, and delivery. Students explore chemistry, biology, and pharmacology in lab-based settings, gaining the skills to analyze compounds and understand drug interactions. Graduates often work in the pharmaceutical or biotechnology industries, contributing to the development of new treatments and therapies. For students passionate about science and innovation, this program offers a meaningful career path at the intersection of research and healthcare.

• Approximate Cost: $30,000–$70,000 for a bachelor’s degree
• Best Universities: University of Michigan; University of Maryland
• Curricula: Organic chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology, drug delivery systems
• Duration: Four years for a bachelor’s degree
• Skills: Scientific aptitude, mathematical ability, analytical thinking, research

Public Health

The public health major is dedicated to improving the well-being of communities and populations through prevention and policy. Rather than focusing on individual patients, the program trains students to address large-scale challenges such as epidemics, health disparities, and environmental risks. Coursework emphasizes the application of data, research, and health policy to create meaningful interventions. If you’re motivated by social justice and a desire to make a broad impact, this major prepares you for a career in advocacy, research, or community health leadership.  Students interested in clinical applications may also want to review occupational therapy major requirements to understand how foundational skills and prerequisites align with health-focused professions.

• Approximate Cost: $20,000–$50,000+ for a bachelor’s degree
• Best Universities: Johns Hopkins University; Harvard University
• Curricula: Epidemiology, biostatistics, environmental health, health policy
• Duration: Four years for a bachelor’s degree
• Skills: Data analysis, communication, cultural competence, advocacy

A WHO report in 2025 cited the ten leading causes of death in the United States, which were primarily non-communicable diseases, with COVID-19 as the notable exception. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause, accounting for 146 deaths per 100,000 people. COVID-19 ranked second, with 124.5 deaths per 100,000. Other major causes included Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias (82 deaths per 100,000) and stroke (50.5 deaths per 100,000), as shown in the graph below.

Overall, the data highlights the dominance of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and chronic respiratory conditions among the top causes of death in the U.S. Although COVID-19 emerged as a leading cause in 2021, the list is still largely composed of long-term, non-communicable conditions. These high mortality rates underscore the importance of public health strategies focused on chronic disease prevention and management.

What are the career opportunities for graduates of the 5 best health science majors?

A degree in health sciences opens the door to a wide range of career opportunities, from direct patient care to research and administration. The specific path you take is largely determined by your major and any further education you pursue.  Some students compare these paths with hardest science majors to gauge the level of challenge and commitment required for advanced roles in research, healthcare, or biomedical fields.

Dental Hygiene

• Clinical Dental Hygienist: The most common career, working in private dental practices, providing preventive care and patient education.
• Public Health Dental Hygienist: Work in community clinics, schools, or government agencies to provide care and promote oral health in underserved populations.
• Corporate: Roles in sales, marketing, and research for dental supply companies.
• Educator: Teach in dental hygiene programs at colleges and universities.
• Researcher: Conduct studies on oral diseases, new products, and public health trends.
• Practice Manager: Take on an administrative role managing a dental office.
• Entrepreneurship: Start a business, such as a consulting service or professional speaking.

In 2024, the median pay for a dental hygienist was $94,260 annually, which translates to $45.32 per hour. The typical entry-level education for this role is an associate's degree, with no prior work experience or on-the-job training required. As of 2024, there were 221,600 jobs for dental hygienists. The field is projected to grow by 7% from 2024 to 2034, which is considered much faster than the average for all occupations, as shown in the graphic below.

This growth is expected to add 15,500 new jobs to the market during that decade. The data indicate a strong and growing job market for dental hygienists, characterized by a good salary and minimal educational barriers to entry.

Health Sciences

• Health Services Manager: Oversee the operations of hospitals, clinics, or specific departments.
• Public Health Educator: Develop and implement community programs to promote wellness and prevent disease.
• Clinical Research Coordinator: Manage clinical trials and research studies.
• Physical or Occupational Therapist: Requires a graduate degree, but a health sciences bachelor’s is a common pre-professional path.
• Pharmaceutical Sales Representative: Sell medical and pharmaceutical products to healthcare providers.
• Medical Laboratory Scientist: Analyze lab samples to help diagnose diseases.
• Health Informatics Specialist: Work with healthcare data and information technology.

Nursing

• Registered Nurse (RN): Provide direct patient care in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, schools, and home healthcare.
• Specialty Nursing: Become a critical care, oncology, pediatric, or labor and delivery nurse.
• Travel Nurse: Work on short-term contracts in different locations, often with higher pay.
• Nurse Educator: Teach nursing students in academic or clinical settings.
• Public Health Nurse: Focus on community-wide health issues, such as disease prevention and health education.
• Nurse Administrator: Manage nursing staff and departments.
• Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN): Requires a graduate degree to become a nurse practitioner, nurse anesthetist, or clinical nurse specialist.

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Medical Scientist: Conduct research to advance human health and disease understanding. For more information, check out our article on what do pharmaceutical scientists do?.
• Chemist: Work in laboratories on chemical analyses and new product development.
• Pharmaceutical Sales and Marketing: Manage and sell pharmaceutical products.
• Regulatory Affairs: Ensure compliance with government regulations for drug approval and manufacturing.
• Biotechnology Research: Work on the development of biologics and gene therapies.
• Quality Assurance: Ensure that pharmaceutical products meet safety and quality standards.
• Toxicologist: Study the harmful effects of chemicals on living organisms.

As shown in the graphic below, in 2024, overall pharmaceutical expenditures in the US grew by 10.2% compared to 2023, totaling $805.9 billion. This increase was primarily driven by a 7.9% rise in utilization and a 2.5% increase from new drugs, while prices saw a slight decrease of 0.2%. The top-selling drugs in 2024 were semaglutide, tirzepatide, and adalimumab.

Spending in nonfederal hospitals and clinics also saw significant growth, with expenditures reaching $39.0 billion (a 4.9% increase) and $158.2 billion (a 14.4% increase), respectively. In clinics, growth was attributed to increased utilization, whereas in nonfederal hospitals, new products, price, and new volume each contributed modestly to the increase in spending.

Looking ahead to 2025, overall prescription drug spending is expected to increase by 9% to 11%. In clinics and hospitals, projected increases of 11% to 13% and 2% to 4%, respectively, are anticipated. Specialty, endocrine, and cancer drugs are expected to continue driving these expenditures, with several new drug approvals on the horizon that could influence spending.

Public Health

• Epidemiologist: Investigate the patterns and causes of disease in populations.
• Biostatistician: Apply statistical methods to analyze public health data.
• Community Health Worker: Provide education and support to communities to improve health outcomes.
• Health Policy Analyst: Research and evaluate health policies at the local, state, and federal levels.
• Environmental Health Scientist: Study the effects of environmental factors on human health.
• Global Health Specialist: Address health challenges in a global context, often working with international organizations.
• Emergency Management Director: Plan and coordinate responses to public health emergencies and disasters.

Graduates have many opportunities in the healthcare sector. The specific roles available depend on the major’s focus, with degrees like dental hygiene offering a more direct path to a clinical role and majors like health sciences providing more flexibility for various administrative or allied health careers.  For those pursuing advanced data and computational roles, understanding the masters in bioinformatics salary can help guide career decisions and expectations.

What is the average salary for graduates with a degree in the 5 best health science majors?

Salaries for health science graduates vary significantly based on the specific major, location, level of experience, and any additional certifications or degrees obtained. These figures represent the national average and can be higher in areas with a higher cost of living.

Dental Hygiene

• Median Annual Salary: The national median salary for dental hygienists is approximately $87,530.
• Entry-Level: Entry-level hygienists with 0-1 year of experience can expect to earn an average of $85,720.
• Experienced Professionals: Those with over 15 years of experience can see their salaries rise to an average of $97,086 or more.
• Top-Paying States: Salaries are highest in states like Washington, California, and Alaska.

Health Sciences

• General Roles: Graduates in general health science roles, like a health educator, typically earn an average of $56,500.
• Healthcare Administration: With a master's degree, a healthcare administrator can earn an average annual salary of about $104,830.
• Clinical Research Coordinator: These roles can have an average salary of approximately $53,330.
• Career Advancement: The salary potential significantly increases with advanced degrees and specialized roles, such as a physical therapist, which averages over $97,720.

Nursing

• Average Annual Salary: Registered Nurses (RNs) earn an average annual salary of $98,430.
• Entry-Level: RNs with less than one year of experience can expect a median salary of about $63,000.
• Highest Earners: The top 10% of RNs earn more than $135,000 annually, often with advanced degrees and specialized certifications.
• Geographic Variation: The highest-paying states for nurses include California, Hawaii, and Oregon.

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Medical Scientist: The average salary for a medical scientist is approximately $95,129.
• Chemist: A chemist with a bachelor's degree typically earns an average of $79,428.
• Graduate-Level Roles: Professionals with an MS in Pharmaceutical Sciences can expect to earn between $104,000 and $210,000.
• Research and Development: Roles in research and development often command higher salaries.

Public Health

• Bachelor's Degree: The average annual pay for a bachelor's in public health is around $79,657.
• Epidemiologist: The average salary for an epidemiologist is about $81,994.
• Health Educator: A health educator can expect to earn a median salary of about $56,500.
• Management Roles: Management and specialized roles, like a public health administrator, can earn significantly more.

The cheapest online public health degree programs can help you quickly start in this field.

Salaries for health science professionals are generally competitive and offer strong growth potential. Advanced education, certifications, and experience are key to increasing earning potential in these fields.

According to 2025 data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, occupations in healthcare exhibit a wide range of salaries, with earnings generally correlating with the level of required education. The highest earners, dentists, with a median pay of $179,210, require a doctoral or professional degree. Similarly, pharmacists and physician assistants, who also require advanced degrees, earn median salaries of $137,480 and $133,260, respectively.

For those with a bachelor’s degree, registered nurses earned a median pay of $93,600, while clinical laboratory technologists and technicians made a median of $61,890, and dietitians and nutritionists earned $73,850. At the associate’s degree level, dental hygienists had a median pay of $94,260, while health information technologists earned $67,310, and respiratory therapists earned $80,450.

The lowest median wages were observed for occupations requiring a postsecondary nondegree award, such as dental assistants at $47,300 and EMTs and paramedics at $46,350. The data highlights a clear trend: as educational requirements increase from postsecondary nondegree awards to doctoral degrees, so does the median annual pay. These are shown in the graph below.

How do the curricula of the 5 best health science majors differ?

The curricula of these five health science majors are distinct, each designed to provide a different set of skills and knowledge for a specific career path. While they all have a scientific foundation, the focus and application of that knowledge vary significantly. Though they are not among the highest paid medical jobs, they are great for career starters and shifters. 

Dental Hygiene

• Clinical Skills: The curriculum heavily emphasizes hands-on, clinical training in areas like prophylaxis, periodontal scaling, and local anesthesia administration.
• Oral Anatomy: Students study the detailed anatomy of the mouth, head, and neck.
• Dental Radiology: A significant portion of the curriculum is dedicated to learning how to take and interpret dental X-rays.
• Practice Management: Courses cover the business side of dentistry, including patient records, ethics, and practice administration.
• Periodontology: Detailed study of gum disease and its treatment.
• Pharmacology: Students learn about medications relevant to dental procedures and patient care.
• Public Health: Courses explore community-wide oral health issues and prevention strategies.

Health Sciences

• Interdisciplinary Focus: The curriculum is broad and flexible, drawing from biology, chemistry, sociology, and public health.
• Foundational Science: Core courses include human anatomy and physiology, biology, and medical ethics.
• Research Methods: A strong emphasis on research design, statistics, and data analysis.
• Health Policy: Students learn about the structure and policies of the U.S. healthcare system.
• Electives: The flexible nature allows students to take electives tailored to their specific interests, such as nutrition, global health, or public administration.
• Capstone Project: Many programs culminate in a capstone project or internship to apply theoretical knowledge to a real-world setting.
• No Clinical License: The degree itself does not provide a license for a specific clinical role.

Nursing

• Patient-Centered Care: The curriculum is focused on direct patient interaction and care, with a strong emphasis on clinical practice.
• Hands-on Training: A significant number of clinical hours are required in a variety of settings, including hospitals, long-term care facilities, and community clinics.
• Pathophysiology: Pathophysiology is the in-depth study of disease processes and their effects on the human body.
• Pharmacology: Students learn to administer and understand the effects of a wide range of medications.
• Specialty Courses: The curriculum includes dedicated courses for specific patient populations, such as pediatrics, obstetrics, and mental health.
• Nursing Theory: Students learn the theoretical frameworks that guide nursing practice.
• Health Assessment: Skills are developed to perform comprehensive physical and psychosocial assessments of patients.

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Heavy Science Concentration: The curriculum is dominated by advanced science courses, including organic chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology.
• Drug-Focused: Coursework is directly related to the study of drugs, from their discovery to their effects on the body.
• Laboratory Work: Extensive lab sessions are required to practice chemical synthesis, drug formulation, and analysis.
• Pharmacodynamics: Students learn how drugs affect the body and their mechanisms of action.
• Pharmacokinetics: The study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and excretes drugs.
• Regulatory Affairs: Courses may cover the legal and regulatory aspects of the pharmaceutical industry.
• Research Projects: Students often participate in research projects, working alongside faculty.

Public Health

• Population Health: The curriculum focuses on the health of entire communities, rather than individual patients.
• Epidemiology: Students learn to investigate the causes, patterns, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations.
• Biostatistics: A strong emphasis on statistical analysis and data interpretation to identify health trends.
• Environmental Health: Students study how the environment impacts human health and how to mitigate risks.
• Health Policy and Management: The curriculum includes courses on healthcare systems, policy development, and administration.
• Social and Behavioral Sciences: Students explore how social and cultural factors influence health behaviors.
• Global Health: Courses may examine health challenges on an international scale, such as infectious diseases and healthcare access in developing countries.

These curricula differ in their scope, with nursing and dental hygiene being more clinical and patient-centered, while pharmaceutical sciences and public health are more research and population-focused, respectively.

What are some specializations in the 5 best health science majors?

Dental Hygiene

• Periodontics: Focuses on the prevention and treatment of gum disease and other supporting structures of the teeth.
• Orthodontics: Specializes in correcting misaligned teeth and jaws, often working with patients who have braces or aligners.
• Pediatrics: Concentrates on providing dental care and oral health education to children.
• Public Health: Works to improve oral health for entire communities through outreach, education, and disease prevention programs.
• Oncology: Provides specialized oral care for cancer patients, managing oral complications from treatments like chemotherapy and radiation.
• Geriatric Care: Focuses on the unique oral health needs of the aging population.
• Oral Systemic Education: Educates patients on the connection between oral health and overall systemic conditions.

Health Sciences

• Healthcare Administration: Focuses on the management and leadership of healthcare facilities, departments, or organizations.
• Pre-Professional Tracks: Prepares students for advanced degrees in fields like physical therapy, physician assistant studies, or occupational therapy.
• Community Health Education: Specializes in developing and implementing programs to promote wellness and prevent disease in communities.
• Public Health: Concentrates on population-level health issues, including epidemiology, biostatistics, and health policy.
• Health Informatics: Combines healthcare and information technology to manage patient data and improve care delivery. This goes to show that a career in health science may also be for tech-inclined professionals.
• Exercise and Fitness: Focuses on human performance, wellness science, and designing personalized fitness programs.
• Nutrition: Provides an in-depth understanding of nutrition science and its role in health and disease prevention.

Nursing

• Critical Care Nursing: Cares for critically ill patients in high-stakes environments like the ICU or emergency room.
• Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Works with patients experiencing mental health issues, providing assessment and developing treatment plans.
• Oncology Nursing: Specializes in caring for cancer patients, managing treatment side effects, and providing emotional support.
• Pediatric Nursing: Provides care for infants, children, and adolescents, from general wellness to specialized care.
• Public Health Nursing: Focuses on the health of entire communities, working on issues like disease prevention and health education.
• Informatics Nursing: Uses technology and data to improve patient care and nursing practice.
• Nurse Anesthetist: Administers anesthesia and monitors patients during medical procedures.

Looking at some stats on nurses in the USA, the median age for registered nurses (RNs) increased to 50 in 2024, rising from 46 in 2022. In 2024, the proportion of male RNs decreased to 10%, down from 11% in 2022. There has been a shift in the racial demographics of RNs, with the percentage of white RNs dropping to 77% while the percentage of black RNs rose to 9%.

The educational background of the workforce is also changing, with the percentage of RNs prepared with a BSN increasing to 46% and those with an MSN rising to 6% between 2015 and 2024. While 53% of RNs worked in hospitals in 2024, this represents a decrease of 4.2% since 2022. The median annual earnings for RNs reached $88,000 in 2024, an increase from $80,000 in 2022. Additionally, a higher percentage of RNs, 20%, reported changing their work setting in 2024 compared to 16% in 2022.

The data, shown in the graphic below, paints a workforce that is both aging and becoming more educated. Despite a decrease in the number of RNs working in hospitals, the overall mobility of the workforce appears to be increasing.

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Medicinal Chemistry: Focuses on the design and synthesis of new chemical compounds with therapeutic potential.
• Pharmacology: Studies how drugs interact with biological systems, including their mechanisms, effects, and toxicology.
• Pharmaceutics: Focuses on the formulation and manufacturing of drugs into final products, like tablets or injections.
• Regulatory Affairs: Ensures that new drugs and medical products comply with government regulations for safety and efficacy.
• Biotechnology: Specializes in the use of biological systems to develop new drugs and therapies, such as gene therapy.
• Clinical Research: Manages and oversees clinical trials to test the safety and effectiveness of new medications.
• Toxicology: Studies the harmful effects of chemicals on living organisms.

Public Health

• Epidemiology: Investigates the patterns and causes of disease in human populations.
• Biostatistics: Applies statistical methods to public health data to analyze health trends and solve problems.
• Environmental Health: Studies the effects of environmental factors on human health and designs interventions to mitigate risks.
• Social and Behavioral Sciences: Examines how social, cultural, and behavioral factors influence health outcomes.
• Global Health: Addresses health issues on an international scale, often working on projects in developing countries.
• Health Policy and Management: Focuses on the administrative side of public health, including policy development and healthcare systems.
• Maternal and Child Health: Specializes in improving the health and well-being of mothers, infants, and children.

These specializations allow health science students to gain targeted expertise and prepare for a wide array of career opportunities. They are essential for a fulfilling career and for addressing the diverse health needs of society.  For those interested in combining biology and technology, exploring masters in biotechnology careers can provide insight into high-demand roles and industry pathways.

What internship and research opportunities are available in the 5 best health science majors?

Internship and research opportunities are crucial for gaining real-world experience and building a competitive resume in the health sciences. They provide a chance to apply classroom knowledge and explore different career paths.

Dental Hygiene

• Clinical Internships: Students complete required clinical hours in university clinics, private practices, and community settings.
• Public Health Rotations: Internships may involve working with local health departments or non-profit organizations to provide oral care to underserved populations.
• School-Based Programs: Students can participate in school sealant programs or oral health education initiatives.
• Research Projects: Some programs offer opportunities to assist faculty with research on topics like new dental materials or oral disease prevention.

Health Sciences

• Hospital Administration: Internships in hospital departments such as human resources, marketing, or operations.
• Public Health Departments: Work with local or state health agencies on health promotion, data analysis, or community outreach.
• Clinical Research: Opportunities as a research assistant in a lab or clinical setting, assisting with data collection and study coordination.
• Corporate Wellness: Internships with companies that manage corporate health and wellness programs.
• Allied Health Shadowing: Shadow professionals in fields like physical therapy, occupational therapy, or physician assistant studies.
• Non-Profit Organizations: Intern with organizations focused on specific diseases or health advocacy.

Nursing

• Clinical Rotations: The cornerstone of a nursing program, these are required rotations in various hospital units (e.g., ICU, med-surg, pediatrics) and other healthcare settings.
• Nurse Externships: Structured summer programs that allow nursing students to work alongside experienced nurses in a hospital, often paid.
• Research Assistantships: Work with faculty on nursing-specific research projects, such as studies on patient outcomes or nursing education.
• Community Health: Internships with community clinics, schools, or public health agencies to provide care and education.
• Global Health: Some programs offer opportunities to participate in global health missions or study abroad programs.

  Check out these cheapest online nursing prerequisites for more information.  

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Pharmaceutical Company Internships: Intern with major pharmaceutical companies in departments like drug discovery, clinical development, or manufacturing.
• University Research: Work as a research assistant in a university lab, gaining hands-on experience in drug synthesis and analysis.
• FDA and Regulatory Agencies: Internships at government agencies like the FDA, helping to review drug applications and policies.
• Biotechnology Startups: Work for a smaller, innovative company on cutting-edge research.
• Formulation and Manufacturing: Internships focused on how drugs are formulated into pills, capsules, or other forms.
• Quality Control: Intern in a quality control lab to ensure products meet regulatory standards.

Public Health

• Local and State Health Departments: Internships involving data analysis, disease surveillance, or community health education.
• Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): Work with organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) or local non-profits on global or community-level health projects.
• Research Centers: Assist with research studies at universities or private research centers.
• Hospital Systems: Intern in a hospital's community health or patient safety department.
• Policy and Advocacy: Work with think tanks or advocacy groups on health policy research and lobbying.
• Epidemiology: Assist with epidemiological investigations of disease outbreaks.

Internships and research are invaluable for applying academic knowledge, building professional networks, and making informed decisions about future career paths.

Which universities offer the 5 best health science majors?

Many universities across the United States have strong programs in health sciences, with some institutions particularly renowned for their specific majors. The best fit depends on your individual interests, career goals, and preferred learning environment.

Dental Hygiene

• University of Michigan: Known for its highly-regarded School of Dentistry.
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Offers a well-respected program with strong clinical and public health components.
• New York University (NYU): Provides a large, urban setting with diverse clinical opportunities.
• Ohio State University: A large, public institution with a comprehensive dental hygiene program.
• University of Southern California (USC): A private university with a strong focus on clinical practice and technology.
• University of Minnesota: Known for its innovative curriculum and research opportunities.
• University of Washington: A top-tier public university with a strong dental medicine program.

Health Sciences

• Johns Hopkins University: Renowned for its public health and biomedical programs.
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: A leader in public health and health policy.
• University of Michigan: Offers a strong interdisciplinary approach to health sciences.
• University of California, Berkeley: Known for its top-ranked public health programs and research.
• Boston University: Provides a strong health sciences curriculum with a focus on urban and global health.
• Northeastern University: Offers a cooperative education program that integrates classroom learning with real-world work experience.
• University of Florida: Has a comprehensive College of Public Health and Health Professions.

Nursing

• University of Pennsylvania: Its School of Nursing is consistently ranked as one of the best in the nation.
• Johns Hopkins University: Known for its accelerated BSN and graduate-level nursing programs.
• Duke University: Offers a highly competitive program with a strong emphasis on clinical practice and research.
• University of Washington: A leader in nursing education, particularly in critical care and public health.
• University of Michigan: Its School of Nursing is well-regarded for its research and academic programs.
• Emory University: Known for its strong clinical partnerships and accelerated BSN program.
• Ohio State University: Offers a large, comprehensive program with extensive clinical opportunities.

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Its Eshelman School of Pharmacy is a top-ranked institution.
• University of Michigan: Offers a well-regarded program with strong research facilities.
• University of Maryland, Baltimore: The School of Pharmacy is a leader in pharmaceutical sciences and drug development.
• University of Southern California (USC): Known for its strong industry connections in the pharmaceutical sector.
• Purdue University: A top-ranked program, particularly for its research in drug discovery.
• University of Wisconsin-Madison: Known for its comprehensive pharmaceutical sciences and drug development programs.
• University of Arizona: Offers strong programs in pharmaceutical sciences and pharmacology.

Public Health

• Harvard University: The T.H. Chan School of Public Health is one of the most prestigious in the world.
• Johns Hopkins University: A perennial leader in public health education and research.
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Has a top-tier Gillings School of Global Public Health.
• Emory University: Known for its strong programs in epidemiology and global health.
• Columbia University: Its Mailman School of Public Health offers programs with a focus on urban and global health issues.
• University of Washington: Strong in epidemiology and global health.
• University of California, Berkeley: A top-ranked program known for its social and behavioral sciences focus.

These universities are recognized leaders in their respective fields, offering strong academic programs and valuable career opportunities.

What are the biggest challenges faced by students pursuing the 5 best health science majors?

Students in health science majors face unique challenges due to the rigorous academic demands, high-stakes clinical training, and competitive nature of their fields. Success requires not only intellectual aptitude but also significant resilience and discipline.

Dental Hygiene

• Intense Clinical Demands: Students must quickly master precise, hands-on skills in a clinical setting, often under pressure.
• Physical Strain: The job requires long hours of repetitive motions in a fixed posture, which can lead to musculoskeletal issues.
• Emotional Labor: Dealing with anxious or difficult patients requires strong emotional intelligence and communication skills.
• Information Overload: The curriculum is fast-paced and packed with detailed information that must be memorized and applied.
• Licensure Exam Pressure: Passing the national and state licensing exams is a major hurdle for graduation and employment.
• Time Management: Juggling rigorous academics, clinical hours, and personal life is a constant struggle.
• Patient Education: Effectively educating patients with varying levels of health literacy can be a significant challenge.

Health Sciences

• Broad Curriculum: The flexibility can be a challenge if a student lacks clear career goals, as the path isn't as defined as a clinical major.
• Competitive Post-Graduate Admissions: Getting into a top-tier graduate program (like PT, PA, or medical school) can be extremely difficult.
• Lack of Hands-on Experience: Without a clinical license, it can be difficult to gain direct patient care experience.
• Networking: It is a challenge to network with professionals in a wide variety of fields.
• Staying Up-to-Date: The field is so broad and constantly changing that it's difficult to keep up with new trends and information.

Nursing

• High-Stakes Clinicals: Performing patient care in real-world settings can be stressful and emotionally taxing.
• Intense Academic Rigor: The sheer volume of information that must be learned, from pharmacology to disease processes, is overwhelming.
• Emotional Burnout: Witnessing patient suffering and death can lead to significant emotional and psychological stress.
• Complex Patient Care: Learning to prioritize and manage care for multiple patients at once is a major challenge.
• Communication Skills: Nurses must be expert communicators with patients, families, and interdisciplinary teams.
• Passing the NCLEX: The National Council Licensure Examination is a highly challenging, adaptive exam that determines a graduate's ability to practice as an RN.
• Physical Demands: The job can be physically demanding, with long shifts, standing, and lifting.

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Heavy Science and Math Course Load: The curriculum is extremely challenging and requires a high level of aptitude in chemistry, biology, and calculus.
• Intense Lab Work: Long hours in the lab are required, and experiments can be time-consuming and prone to failure.
• Competitive Graduate School Admissions: The path to becoming a pharmacist (Pharm.D.) or getting into a top Ph.D. program is highly competitive.
• Abstract Concepts: Students must grasp complex molecular and biochemical concepts.
• Financial Burden: The cost of a bachelor's and subsequent graduate degree can be a significant financial challenge.
• Research Pressure: Students must often balance academic coursework with research projects.
• Lack of Direct Patient Interaction: The major focuses on the science of drugs, not clinical application, which may not satisfy those who want to work with patients.

Public Health

• Abstract Concepts: The focus on population-level health can be challenging for students who prefer a hands-on, clinical approach.
• Finding a Niche: The broad nature of the field can make it difficult to specialize without advanced education.
• Policy and Politics: Students must grapple with the political and funding challenges that often impact public health initiatives.
• Data Analysis: The use of biostatistics can be a significant hurdle for students who are not comfortable with mathematics.
• Limited Direct Patient Care: The field is centered on communities, so it's not a good fit for those who want to work directly with patients.
• Complex Problem-Solving: Public health problems are often deeply rooted in social and economic issues, making them difficult to solve.

These majors all present unique hurdles, demanding a high level of commitment, resilience, and a willingness to overcome intellectual and practical challenges.

What are the biggest opportunities for students pursuing the 5 best health science majors?

While challenging, these health science majors offer significant opportunities for students to make a lasting impact on individuals and communities. The growing demand for healthcare professionals creates a landscape of stable and rewarding career paths.

Dental Hygiene

• High Job Demand: The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects a much faster-than-average growth for dental hygienists, ensuring excellent job security.
• Direct Impact: The ability to provide preventive care and directly improve a patient's oral and overall health is a major source of professional satisfaction.
• Excellent Work-Life Balance: Many positions offer flexible hours and part-time options.
• Good Earning Potential: The average salary is competitive and provides a comfortable living.
• Entrepreneurship: Opportunities exist to start businesses in consulting, professional speaking, or product development.
• Public Health: The ability to work in schools, community clinics, or government to improve access to oral care for underserved populations.
• Specialization: The opportunity to specialize in pediatrics, orthodontics, or periodontics.

Health Sciences

• Flexibility and Versatility: The degree is a launching pad for a wide variety of careers, allowing students to explore different paths before committing.
• Pre-Professional Pathway: It is a strong foundation for a variety of graduate programs, including physical therapy, physician assistant studies, and occupational therapy.
• Growing Industry: The healthcare industry is one of the fastest-growing sectors, creating countless job opportunities.
• Entry to Leadership: The curriculum can prepare you for administrative and management roles in healthcare.
• Research Opportunities: The degree's focus on research methods provides a pathway into clinical or scientific research.
• Public and Global Health: The interdisciplinary nature allows students to pursue careers in public health or international health organizations.

Nursing

• High Job Security: The demand for nurses is consistently high and is projected to continue to grow.
• Diverse Career Paths: Nurses can work in hospitals, schools, the military, corporations, and travel the world.
• Specialization: Countless opportunities to specialize in a specific field, such as critical care, pediatrics, or oncology.
• Advanced Practice: A clear path for career advancement to become a Nurse Practitioner, which offers greater autonomy and higher pay.
• Global Impact: Nurses are needed everywhere and can make a difference in communities worldwide.
• Financial Rewards: The salary for nurses is competitive and grows significantly with experience and advanced education.
• Personal Fulfillment: The rewarding nature of helping patients directly and seeing the impact of your care.

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Innovation: Students can be at the forefront of medical breakthroughs, helping to develop life-saving drugs.
• High-Paying Roles: Careers in drug research, development, and manufacturing offer excellent salaries.
• Industry Demand: The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries are constantly growing and hiring.
• Interdisciplinary Career Options: The skills learned are applicable to diverse fields beyond pharmacy, including marketing, sales, and law.
• Research Opportunities: A strong focus on research provides a pathway to work in academia or private industry labs.
• Global Health: The opportunity to contribute to the development of new treatments for infectious diseases that affect the world.
• Pathway to Pharm.D.: A solid foundation for students who wish to pursue a doctorate in pharmacy.

Public Health

• Addressing Social Injustice: The field is an excellent fit for students who want to tackle health disparities and advocate for social equity.
• Community-Level Impact: The ability to improve the health and well-being of entire communities rather than just individuals.
• Growing Field: The recent global health events have underscored the critical need for public health professionals, leading to increased funding and job growth.
• Policy Influence: Opportunities to shape health policy and advocate for systemic change.
• Diverse Career Settings: Graduates can work in government, non-profits, international organizations, and corporations.
• Prevention Focus: The opportunity to work on the prevention of diseases, which is often more impactful and cost-effective than treatment.
• Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Public health professionals work with a variety of experts, from epidemiologists to policymakers.

These majors are filled with opportunities for students to build fulfilling careers, contribute to the well-being of society, and adapt to the evolving demands of the healthcare field.

What are some current and future trends in the 5 best health science majors?

The health sciences are dynamic fields, constantly evolving with advancements in technology, changes in public policy, and shifts in societal needs. Students should be aware of these trends to stay competitive and prepare for the future of their professions.

Dental Hygiene

• Teledentistry: The use of technology to provide remote dental consultations and care, expanding access to underserved communities.
• Advanced Diagnostics: Integration of new technologies like oral cancer screenings and salivary diagnostics into routine practice.
• Expanded Scope of Practice: A growing trend for dental hygienists to take on more responsibilities, such as administering local anesthesia and placing fillings.
• Geriatric Care: An increasing focus on providing specialized care for the aging population in nursing homes and assisted living facilities.
• Interprofessional Collaboration: Working more closely with other healthcare professionals, such as doctors and dietitians, to improve patient outcomes.
• Minimally Invasive Dentistry: A shift toward less invasive procedures to preserve natural tooth structure.
• Periodontal-Systemic Link: Greater emphasis on the connection between oral health and overall systemic diseases like diabetes and heart disease.

Health Sciences

• Health Informatics: The growing demand for professionals who can manage and analyze vast amounts of healthcare data to improve efficiency and patient care.
• Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring: The expansion of virtual healthcare services and the use of wearable technology to monitor patients.
• Precision Medicine: A focus on tailoring medical treatment to a patient's individual genetic makeup.
• Population Health Management: A trend toward healthcare systems and public health agencies focusing on managing the health of specific populations.
• Aging Population: A sustained increase in demand for professionals who can address the unique healthcare needs of older adults.
• Health Policy Analysis: A growing need for experts to research and influence healthcare policy amidst political and economic shifts.
• Global Health: Increased focus on preparing for and responding to global health crises and pandemics.

Nursing

• Telehealth and Virtual Care: The continued integration of technology to provide remote patient consultations and monitoring.
• Aging Population: A rising demand for nurses with geriatric expertise to care for a growing senior population.
• Nurse Practitioners: A trend toward greater autonomy for nurse practitioners, who are helping to fill the primary care provider gap.
• Health Technology: The increased use of electronic health records, AI, and robotics in patient care.
• Patient Advocacy: An even greater emphasis on nurses as key advocates for patient safety and quality of care.
• Community-Based Care: A shift from hospital-centric care to providing services in clinics, schools, and homes.
• Burnout Prevention: A growing focus on addressing and preventing burnout in the nursing profession through wellness initiatives.

Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Biotechnology and Biologics: A major shift from small-molecule drugs to the development of biologics, such as monoclonal antibodies and gene therapies.
• Personalized Medicine: The trend of developing drugs tailored to a patient's genetic profile to improve efficacy and reduce side effects.
• Drug Discovery with AI: The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to accelerate the drug discovery process.
• Nanomedicine: The use of nanotechnology to deliver drugs directly to targeted cells or tissues.
• Digital Therapeutics: The development of software and mobile apps that treat medical conditions.
• Precision Medicine: A growing focus on tailoring drug treatments to an individual’s specific genetic profile.
• Gene and Cell Therapy: The development of cutting-edge therapies that target the genetic root of diseases.

Public Health

• Climate Change and Health: An increasing focus on how climate change affects public health through issues like air quality, infectious diseases, and extreme weather events.
• Health Equity and Social Justice: A major trend of addressing systemic inequalities that lead to health disparities.
• Data-Driven Public Health: The use of big data and advanced analytics to predict and respond to health crises.
• Mental Health Integration: A growing movement to integrate mental and behavioral health services into overall public health initiatives.
• Global Pandemic Preparedness: A continued emphasis on developing robust systems for preparing for and responding to future pandemics.
• Urban Health: An increased focus on addressing the unique health challenges of dense urban populations.
• Vaccine Hesitancy: The need for public health professionals to combat misinformation and promote vaccine education.

These trends illustrate that health science careers are not static but require continuous learning and adaptation to new challenges and technologies.

Here's What Graduates Say About the 5 Best Health Science Majors

Other Things You Should Know About the 5 Best Health Science Majors

Is a health science degree worth it?

A health science degree is a smart choice for students passionate about healthcare but not ready to specialize. It offers a broad, foundational education in human health and disease, preparing graduates for diverse roles in healthcare administration, public health, and clinical research. Its versatility makes it an ideal launchpad into one of the fastest-growing sectors of the economy.

Beyond career flexibility, this degree delivers strong long-term value. Graduates are well-equipped for graduate school and competitive healthcare careers, with the academic rigor and adaptability needed to thrive in a dynamic professional landscape. It’s a solid investment for those seeking both purpose and stability.

What are the pros and cons of majoring in health science?

Health science majors benefit from a wide-ranging curriculum that opens doors to many healthcare fields, from policy to clinical care. This flexibility is ideal for students still exploring their interests, and it lays the groundwork for graduate programs in physical therapy, physician assistant studies, and more—all within a high-demand industry.

On the flip side, the degree doesn’t lead directly to a clinical license, which may require further education for specialized roles. Entry-level positions can have lower starting salaries compared to licensed professions, and the interdisciplinary nature might feel unfocused to students who prefer a more direct path.

Do you need to go to graduate school after a health science degree?

Graduate school is often the next step for health science majors aiming for top-tier roles like physical therapist or physician assistant, where advanced degrees are required. The bachelor's program is designed to prepare students with the prerequisites and foundational knowledge needed for these competitive paths.

Still, graduate school isn’t mandatory for success. Many find fulfilling careers in healthcare administration, health education, or clinical research with just a bachelor’s degree. Whether or not to pursue further education depends on your career goals and how specialized you want your role to be.