What Does a Middle School Teacher Do? Job Roles & Responsibilities for 2025

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Middle school teaching stands at a critical juncture in today’s educational landscape. Teachers in this field are tasked with guiding students through one of their most formative—and often turbulent—periods. The profession also faces mounting challenges as we found out in the 2023-24 academic year report of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) that 44% of public schools have at least one teaching vacancy, with middle schools being hit especially hard in core subject areas. The reasons behind this include burnout, lack of competitive compensation, and increasing administrative demands.

In response, school districts, state governments, and education advocates have been working to improve conditions and attract new talent. Some states now offer student loan forgiveness or scholarships to teacher candidates, while others have implemented mentorship programs for new teachers. Education technology is also being leveraged to reduce administrative burdens, and professional development is expanding to better equip teachers for classroom realities. These initiatives aim not only to retain existing educators but also to redefine the perception of teaching as a sustainable and rewarding career path.

Middle school teachers shape young minds during a time when students begin to explore their identities. They do more than deliver lessons—they build relationships and help students navigate emotional and social complexities. Whether teaching language arts, science, or social studies, middle school educators must balance content knowledge with empathy and structure with flexibility. It’s a profession that demands both heart and expertise, and its impact extends far beyond test scores.

If you’re passionate about making a difference in the lives of young people and believe in the transformative power of education, there’s never been a more urgent time to step forward.

Key things you should know about becoming a middle school teacher:

As a middle school teacher, you can begin your career by teaching a specific subject to students in grades 5 through 8. These entry-level positions are usually found in public or private schools
A bachelor’s degree in education or a specific subject area is often required to become a middle school teacher.
Many middle school teachers specialize in one or two subjects, such as math, science, social studies, or language arts.

Why pursue a career in middle school teaching for 2025?
What is the job outlook for middle school teachers?
What are the necessary skills for middle school teachers?
How do you start a career in middle school teaching?
How long does it take to become a middle school teacher?
What are the most common specializations of middle school teachers?
How can you advance your career in middle school teaching?
What are the benefits of pursuing further education as a middle school teacher?
How can middle school teachers effectively manage burnout?
Can interdisciplinary degrees expand career opportunities for middle school teachers?
How do middle school teaching salaries compare with other related fields?
What middle school teaching certifications can boost your career prospects?
What are the alternative career options for middle school teachers?
Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Middle School Teacher

Why pursue a career in middle school teaching in 2025?

For students, middle school is the time of forming identities, building lasting social skills, and discovering academic strengths and passions. Teachers in this age group can serve as mentors who allow for variety in the classroom. They can employ dynamic teaching strategies to engage students, from project-based learning to interactive technology. The ever-evolving nature of middle school students means that each day brings new challenges and opportunities, keeping the work exciting. Middle school teachers can also experiment with different approaches to find what works best for each class and individual, making the profession intellectually stimulating.

Another key reason to become a middle school teacher is the opportunity for professional development. Educators usually find themselves continuously learning, whether it's through online courses such as online master's programs communications, further education, specialized training, or collaboration with colleagues. Refining teaching techniques and immersing in meaningful discussions about educational practices offer personal and professional fulfillment. Many middle school teachers also have the chance to take on leadership roles, such as mentoring new teachers or contributing to curriculum development.

Furthermore, middle school teaching makes a lasting difference in the community. Teachers who work with young adolescents help lay the foundation for future success, influencing the next generation of leaders, innovators, and responsible citizens. This rewarding aspect of teaching can give a deep sense of purpose and satisfaction, knowing that one's efforts extend far beyond the classroom walls and into the broader world. Inspiring and guiding students is a privilege and a profound responsibility.

What is the job outlook for middle school teachers?

According to the 2024 data we collected from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the employment of middle school teachers is expected to decrease by 1%. This reduction is primarily attributed to a decrease in the number of students enrolling in public middle schools, leading to a decreased need for teachers in this sector.

Despite this decline, there will still be a significant number of middle school teaching job openings. The BLS anticipates approximately 41,400 openings for these teachers each year over the next decade.

The demand for middle school teacher jobs can also be influenced by state and local government budgets. In areas facing budget constraints, schools might extend class sizes or minimize teaching staff. Conversely, regions with budget surpluses may invest in more teaching positions.

It's important to note that while the overall employment of middle school teachers is projected to wane, certain subjects and specialties may experience different trends STEM teachers may see more favorable job prospects due to the stronger emphasis on these subjects such as psychology vs sociology programs. This also applies to teachers willing to relocate to regions with higher demand or to work in schools with underserved populations.

What are the necessary skills for middle school teachers?

Middle school teachers must have a strong set of skills to perform their duties and responsibilities. To work well with young adolescents, who are at a critical stage of cognitive, emotional, and social development, teachers must show the following:

Essential Skills

Classroom Management - Effective classroom management results in an organized, productive learning environment. It involves setting clear expectations, consistently enforcing rules, and tackling disruptions fairly and consistently. Middle school teachers must balance authority with a respectful atmosphere conducive to learning.
Emotional Intelligence - Understanding one’s emotions, as well as empathizing with students, is key to achieving social-emotional development. Middle school teachers must recognize the emotional states of their students and react accordingly. Emotional intelligence helps teachers manage their own stress and respond to students compassionately and productively.
Technological Proficiency - In modern classrooms, teachers must be comfortable using forms of technology, from interactive whiteboards to educational apps and digital assessments. Technological proficiency helps teachers deliver interesting lessons and stay current with educational trends.
Cultural Competence - A middle school teacher's ability to understand and respect cultural differences elicits inclusive learning. Teachers must see the diversity in their classrooms and adjust teaching methods to respect cultural backgrounds. Cultural competence makes all students feel valued and understood.

General Skills

Communication Skills - Communication skills help teachers talk about concepts clearly, impart feedback, and discuss with students meaningfully. They must also communicate with parents, colleagues, and administrators to inform all parties about student progress and classroom conditions. Being a good listener and adapting communication styles to different audiences are equally important.
Organizational Skills - Being well-organized allows teachers to sort out lesson plans, assignments, and grading efficiently. Keeping track of student progress, deadlines, and materials ensures that the classroom runs smoothly. Organizational skills mitigate stress and help teachers stay on top of their responsibilities.
Time Management - Balancing lesson planning, grading, meetings, and other duties requires time management. Teachers must allocate sufficient time to each task while coping with the unpredictable demands of the day. This skill helps teachers beat deadlines and dedicate ample attention to students.
Adaptability - Middle school teachers must be adaptable to the varied learning styles of students. Each student is different, and being able to modify lesson plans, teaching methodologies, and classroom activities helps every student flourish. Adaptability also involves responding to unexpected challenges, such as behavioral issues or changes in school policies.
Problem-Solving - Teachers may face challenges that require clever solutions. Problem-solving involves assessing situations, identifying root causes, and implementing strategies to overcome obstacles.

Teachers see poverty and absenteeism as two major problems facing public K-12 students.

How do you start a career in middle school teaching?

Most states require aspiring middle school teachers to earn at least a bachelor's degree in education or a specific subject area, such as English, math, science, or social studies. Education programs include courses in pedagogy, child development, and classroom management, as well as student-teaching experiences, where prospective teachers gain experience in actual classrooms under the guidance of experienced educators.

Once you have completed your degree, the next step is to obtain state certification. Certification requirements vary by state, but generally, you must pass exams that assess your knowledge of teaching and the subject matter you plan to teach. Many states also require teachers to complete continuing education courses to maintain certification throughout their careers.

Work experience is another crucial element in building your career as a middle school teacher. The traditional starting point is substitute teaching, which exposes teachers to real-life classroom situations. Some also choose to volunteer or work as teaching assistants. These experiences can help you stand out when applying for full-time teaching positions.

What can I do with an Associate's Degree in Education?

Teacher Assistant

Teacher assistants support lead teachers by helping with classroom activities, supervising students, and preparing materials. This role is highly recommended for those considering becoming full-time educators.

Median salary: $28,000

Preschool Teacher

Preschool teachers help develop the basic academic and social skills of young children. They use play-based learning techniques and structured activities to prepare children for elementary school.

Median salary: $31,000

Childcare Worker

Childcare workers supervise and care for children in daycare settings, helping them with their daily routines. This role may involve assisting with educational activities, meal preparation, and teaching basic social skills.

Median salary: $28,000

Instructional Coordinator Assistant

Instructional coordinator assistants support the development and implementation of educational programs and curricula. They assist teachers in selecting appropriate materials, monitoring student progress, and carrying out educational standards.

Median Salary: $47,000 per year.

What can I do with a Bachelor's Degree in Education?

Elementary School Teacher

As an elementary school teacher, you'll teach foundational subjects like math, reading, and science to young students, You'll most likely be assigned in kindergarten through fifth grade.

Median salary: $60,000

Middle School Teacher

Middle school teachers specialize in one or more subjects, such as English, math, science, or social studies. They create age-appropriate lesson plans, assess student performance, and champion students' social and emotional development.

Median salary: $60,000

Special Education Teacher

Special education teachers work with students with learning, mental, emotional, or physical disabilities. They create individualized education plans (IEPs), adapt lessons, and support their academic and life skills.

Median salary: $61,000

Education Coordinator

Education coordinators are employed in schools or educational programs. They oversee curriculum development, student assessments, and teacher training to improve instructional methods.

Median Salary: $51,000 per year.

Can you get a middle school teaching job with just a certificate?

It's possible to get a middle school teaching job with just a teaching certificate, but it mainly depends on the state and the specific requirements for certification. In most cases, a bachelor's degree in education or a related field is required alongside a teaching certificate. Some states also offer alternative certification routes for individuals with a degree in a subject area but not in education like accelerated sonography programs. However, most full-time middle school teaching roles require both a degree and certification, with some flexibility for alternative routes or extra qualifications.

A bachelor's degree is one of the top education requirements for middle school teachers.

How long does it take to become a middle school teacher?

Becoming a middle school teacher takes around four years for those who pursue the bachelor's degree path. This program entails general education courses and subject-specific courses, plus hands-on student teaching experience.

Certification may also take additional time. The certification process involves applying, submitting proof of student teaching experience, and fulfilling other state-specific requirements, such as background checks. The exact duration of this process is normally a few months

When it comes to the alternative certification route, the timeline can differ too. Some individuals may already finish online creative writing programs, for example, and then enroll in a teacher preparation program. These programs can be completed in as little as one to two years, enabling individuals to enter the teaching profession more quickly than a traditional undergraduate program.

What are the most common specializations of middle school teachers?

Middle school teachers specialize in educational roles to best serve the developmental and academic needs of their students. These specializations help teachers deliver targeted instruction and guidance.

English Language Arts (ELA) - What does an English teacher do? English language arts teachers build students’ reading, writing, and language skills. They teach literature, grammar, vocabulary, and composition. ELA teachers work to promote a love for reading and writing while improving critical thinking and analytical abilities.
Mathematics - Math teachers at the middle school level guide students through fundamental concepts such as algebra, geometry, and basic statistics. They work to instill problem-solving skills and mathematical reasoning. These teachers also aim to make math relevant and engaging.
Science - Middle school science teachers cover earth science, biology, chemistry, and physics. They aid students in experiments and encourage inquiry-based learning. These teachers emphasize the importance of observation, experimentation, and understanding the natural world.
Social Studies - Social studies teachers cover history, geography, civics, and economics to understand past events and their impact on society. They focus on critical thinking skills, cultural diversity, and global perspectives. They also enhance students' understanding of societal structures and the importance of civic participation.
English as a Second Language (ESL) - ESL teachers help students who are learning English as an additional language. They focus on honing language skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing These teachers use strategies tailored to students' language proficiency levels.

If you work in a middle school and would want to focus on physical education and athletics, you can teach fitness or PE, coach a varsity team, or, better yet, head the athletics department as an athletic director. Now what degree do you need to be an athletic director? Learn more about it in a separate article.

How can you advance your career in middle school teaching?

Advance your career in middle school teaching by getting extra certifications or degrees. You can enroll in a master's in education and even proceed with the quickest online EDD programs. Moreover, actively attending conferences and staying current with teaching methods can open doors to higher-ranking positions.

What can I do with a Master's in Education?

Educational Administrator (Principal or Vice Principal)

Educational administrators, such as principals or vice principals, handle daily school operations, guide staff, and guarantee that students receive a quality education. They also frame and enact school policies. What does it take to become a principal other than a graduate degree? Learn more if this is a career goal for you.

Median salary: $98,000

Instructional Coordinator

Instructional coordinators design and enforce educational programs, assess teaching methods, and help teachers improve their instruction. They work closely with educators to devise curriculum materials and present professional development opportunities.

Median salary: $64,000

Special Education Director

A Special Education Director administers special education programs and complies with laws and regulations while working for the best interests of students with disabilities. They facilitate IEP development, coordinate with teachers, and make resources available for students.

Median salary: $80,000

College or University Professor

You can teach at the postsecondary level, training future educators or teaching other specialized subjects. Professors plan and deliver courses, conduct research, and contribute to the academic community.

Median Salary: $79,000 per year.

What kind of job can I get with a Doctorate in Education?

University Professor or Academic Researcher

University professors with a Doctorate in Education teach graduate and undergraduate courses, conduct research, and publish academic journals. They define the future of education by contributing to academic knowledge and mentoring the next generation of educators.

Median salary: $80,000

Superintendent

Superintendents preside over the entire operation of a school district, including curriculum development, teacher training, budgeting, and community relations. They work with school boards, administrators, and policymakers to accomplish district goals and educational standards.

Median salary: $118,000

Educational Policy Analyst

Educational policy analysts research and analyze policies that affect education systems at local, state, or national levels. They advise government agencies, advocacy groups, or educational organizations on policy changes and reforms.

Median salary: $63,000

Chief Learning Officer (CLO)

CLOs direct the development and imposition of learning programs within organizations, including schools, corporations, and non-profits. They revamp employee or student learning through strategic educational initiatives and professional development programs.

Median Salary: $155,000 per year

What are the benefits of pursuing further education as a middle school teacher?

Advancing your credentials through continuing education helps foster innovative classroom practices and leadership skills that can set you apart. Ongoing professional development not only deepens subject expertise but also equips teachers with modern technological strategies and flexible pedagogical approaches. Evaluating options such as online advanced degree programs provides a practical way for busy educators to balance work and study. For example, many professionals choose to get an education degree online to access coursework that is current with industry trends while accommodating their teaching schedules.

How can middle school teachers effectively manage burnout?

Addressing burnout requires a proactive approach to sustain long-term effectiveness and personal well-being. Educators can benefit from setting clear work-life boundaries, engaging in mindfulness practices, and utilizing time-management techniques to better balance classroom responsibilities with administrative duties. Additionally, seeking out professional support—such as peer networks and targeted workshops on stress reduction—can provide practical tools and emotional reinforcement. Pursuing further education opportunities, like enrolling in cheap masters in early childhood education online, may also offer fresh perspectives and innovative strategies to enhance resilience in a demanding environment.

Can interdisciplinary degrees expand career opportunities for middle school teachers?

Educators who complement their teaching credentials with interdisciplinary degrees gain access to a broader spectrum of career opportunities. Advanced studies in related fields—such as information management or educational technology—can enhance classroom innovation and open doors to roles in curriculum integration, research, and resource management. For example, acquiring expertise in library science can provide educators with unique insights into information organization and digital literacy strategies, enriching the learning environment while offering alternative career pathways. Exploring what jobs can you get with a masters in library science may reveal roles that merge educational practice with broader informational and technological competencies.

How do middle school teaching salaries compare with other related fields?

For the most part, middle school teaching salaries are deemed competitive when compared to other related fields in education, though they tend to be on the lower end of the pay scale. The median annual salary for middle school teachers is around $64,290. This salary can vary depending on location, level of education, and years of experience, with teachers in urban areas or those with advanced degrees often earning more.

Middle school teachers' salaries are also historically lower than those of postsecondary educators'. For example, college professors receive a median annual income of $79,000, though this can differ based on the type of institution and field of study. Similarly, school administrators such as principals and superintendents have higher earning potential, with principals earning a median salary of $98,000 and superintendents earning around $118,000 annually.

While middle school teaching salaries may be lower than those of senior-level educators or administrators, they can be more favorable than other public service or social work education graduate workers. Depending on region and experience, school social workers and counselors may take home around $50,000 to $60,000 annually.

New York gives the highest pay for middle school teachers.

What middle school teaching certifications can boost your career prospects?

Middle school teaching certifications demonstrate more in-depth knowledge and proficiency in specific areas of education. These credentials can give you a better edge in the teaching workforce and open up more avenues for career advancement.

National Board Certification (NBC) - NBC is a prestigious certification that proves your commitment to high teaching standards.
Special Education Certification - A special education certification lets you work with students with disabilities, expanding your ability to support a diverse group of learners.
ESL Certification - This certification equips you to teach English to non-native speakers.
STEM Certification - This certification permits you to teach STEM subjects and can position you as an asset in schools with strong STEM programs.
Reading Specialist Certification - A reading specialist certification enables you to teach students struggling with literacy.
Instructional Coaching Certification - This certification prepares you to mentor and support other teachers.

What are the alternative career options for middle school teachers?

Transitioning to a new job can pave the way for higher salaries or a change of pace. Career change can also make use of the expertise gained through years of working with students, curriculum development, and educational leadership.

What else can a middle school teacher do?

One possible path is educational consulting. Educational consultants team up with schools, districts, or educational organizations to enhance instructional techniques, deploy new programs, and offer expert advice on curriculum development. They may specialize in technology integration, special education, or teacher training.

Another alternative career path is in curriculum development. Curriculum developers launch educational materials and lesson plans that align with state standards. They work for textbook publishers, educational software companies, or school districts to produce effective and engaging instructional resources. This career path enables teachers to combine their classroom experience with innovation in education.

For those with business know-how, exploring corporate training is an ideal choice. Corporate trainers set up and deliver training programs on leadership, communication, or customer service in businesses. Teachers’ experience in designing lesson plans, explaining detailed information, and managing groups can easily translate to a corporate setting.

If you want to transition into a different field altogether, you can get a master's degree or perhaps an MBA and specialize in economy, for instance. Check out how much an economist salary is and get motivated.

These alternative career options pose a promising average annual salary, as shown in the figures below.

Here’s What Graduates Have to Say About Their Middle School Teaching Careers

"Becoming a middle school teacher has been one of the most fulfilling decisions of my life—I get to guide students during such a critical time in their growth. Watching them develop confidence, curiosity, and independence each year is a privilege I never take for granted." – Maria

"Teaching middle school science lets me blend hands-on experiments with real-world questions that truly spark excitement in my students. Every day brings new energy, challenges, and the satisfaction of seeing kids connect the dots in their learning." – Derrick

"I love that middle school teaching allows me to be more than just an educator—I get to be a mentor, a motivator, and sometimes even a cheerleader. The relationships I’ve built with my students are incredibly rewarding, and I feel like I’m making a lasting impact." – Sophie

Key Findings

There will be 41,400 openings for middle school teachers for the next 10 years.
About 53% of public K-12 students experience poverty.
Besides degree completion, future middle school teachers must be state-certified. Certification requirements necessitate passing of exams that assess your teaching knowledge subject matter expertise.
New York pays middle school teachers with $66,129 per year.
There are 144,000 ESL learners in America.

Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Middle School Teacher

What makes middle school teaching different from elementary or high school teaching?

Middle school teaching is unique because it bridges the developmental gap between elementary and high school, serving students who are transitioning from childhood to adolescence. Unlike elementary teachers who often teach all subjects to the same group of students, middle school teachers specialize in one subject and work with multiple classes throughout the day. Compared to high school teaching, middle school educators emphasize social-emotional development, helping students navigate identity, peer relationships, and increased academic expectations. The role requires flexibility, patience, and creativity to best cater to early adolescents.

What is the role of a teacher in the future of education?

The role of a teacher in the future of education is evolving from a traditional knowledge-deliverer to that of a facilitator, mentor, and innovator. As technology transforms how students access and interact with information, teachers will be essential in guiding critical thinking, fostering collaboration, and promoting digital literacy. They will play a key role in creating inclusive, student-centered learning environments that adapt to individual needs and encourage lifelong learning. In a world where soft skills and adaptability are increasingly important, teachers will not only impart academic content but also nurture creativity, empathy, and resilience—skills that are vital for success in the 21st century.

What other roles will be expected of me as a future teacher?

As a future teacher, you’ll be expected to take on a variety of roles beyond delivering lessons, including being a mentor, advocate, and technology integrator. You’ll support students' emotional well-being, help them develop social skills, and collaborate with families and other educators to create a supportive learning environment. Teachers will also be expected to continuously adapt to new educational tools, analyze student data to personalize instruction, and contribute to school leadership and professional learning communities. Your role will extend into shaping a positive school culture and preparing students not just academically, but also for the challenges of an ever-changing world.

What is the most important role of a teacher?

The most important role of a teacher is to inspire and guide students in their growth—academically, socially, and emotionally. Delivering content is essential, but truly effective teachers spark curiosity, build confidence, and create a safe environment where students feel seen and supported. By fostering critical thinking, empathy, and a love of learning, teachers lay the foundation for students to succeed not just in school, but in life. Ultimately, a teacher’s greatest impact lies in their ability to shape minds and nurture potential, helping each student discover who they are and what they’re capable of achieving.

References:

BLS. (2024, August 29). Middle School Teachers: Job Outlook. Retrieved April 10, 2025, from BLS.
BLS. (2024, August 29). Middle School Teachers: Pay. Retrieved April 10, 2025, from BLS.
Indeed. (2025, March 26). How To Become a Middle School Teacher (With Salary). Retrieved April 10, 2025, from Indeed.
NCES. (2023, October 17). Most Public Schools Face Challenges in Hiring Teachers and Other Personnel Entering the 2023-24 Academic Year. Retrieved April 10, 2025, from NCES.