Medical Administrative Assistant Salary for 2025

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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As healthcare expands nationwide, administrative roles remain essential to the system’s daily operations. This ongoing demand is reflected in the earnings of medical administrative assistants. In 2023, medical administrative assistants earned an average annual wage of $43,380, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The following year, the medical administrative assistant salary saw a modest increase, which suggests a steady demand for these skilled professionals. 

Medical administrative assistants are trained to perform a range of non-clinical tasks that support doctors, nurses, and other healthcare staff. Their salary can vary depending on location, experience, and work setting, but overall, it offers a stable entry point into the healthcare industry.

In this guide, we will cover the salary expectations of medical administrative assistants. In addition, we will discuss job outlook, advancement opportunities, and other essential information to help prospective students assess whether this path is right for them.

Key Things You Should Know About Becoming a Medical Administrative Assistant

• With the continuous expansion of the healthcare industry, medical administrative assistants enjoy steady job demand across hospitals, clinics, and private practices.
• Many positions require a high school diploma, GED, or associate degree, allowing individuals to begin working in the field within a short period of training.
• Medical administrative assistants earn between $35,000 and $60,000 or more, depending on the location or employer type.

Table of Contents

1. What is the average medical administrative assistant salary in 2025?
2. Which states pay the highest salaries for medical administrative assistants?
3. What factors influence the salary of medical administrative assistants?
4. Which cities pay the highest salaries for medical administrative assistants?
5. What is the top-paying industry for medical administrative assistants?
6. Which states employ the highest number of medical administrative assistants?
7. What advancement opportunities can medical administrative assistants take to increase pay?
8. Are online training programs an effective pathway for medical administrative assistants?
9. What affordable education options can accelerate career growth?
10. Can an accelerated degree boost your career in medical administration?
11. Can an advanced degree accelerate career progression in medical administration?
12. Is there a pay gap among medical administrative assistants?
13. What is the job outlook for medical administrative assistants?
14. How does a medical administrative assistant’s salary compare to other professions?
15. Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Medical Administrative Assistant

What is the average medical administrative assistant salary in 2025?

According to the BLS (2024a), the average medical administrative assistant salary in 2024 was $45,580 yearly, or $21.91 hourly, and the income range falls between $35,050 and $60,050. Medical administrative assistants typically focus on the administrative functions of a healthcare setting, such as scheduling appointments, managing patient records, handling billing tasks, and coordinating office communications.

In contrast, medical assistants, sometimes called clinical medical assistants, often divide their time between administrative duties and basic clinical tasks, including taking vital signs, preparing patients for exams, and assisting with minor procedures. 

Despite these differences in job responsibilities, the salaries for both roles are relatively similar. Medical assistants earned an average of $44,720 annually in 2024, or $21.50 hourly. The salary ranges from $35,020 to $57,830, showing only a slight difference compared to their administrative counterparts. This small gap in pay highlights how both roles contribute significantly to healthcare operations, with salary largely influenced by experience, credentials, and work setting rather than job function alone.

Is medical assistant school hard? Check out our article on the topic to get a better perspective.

Which states pay the highest salaries for medical administrative assistants?

Salaries for medical administrative assistants can vary widely depending on where you work. According to the BLS, the following states offer the highest wages for medical administrative assistants:

1. Washington: $56,500
2. California: $54,420
3. Oregon: $52,380
4. District of Columbia: $51,990
5. Massachusetts: $51,910

These states often pay above the national average due to a combination of healthcare demand, state labor policies, and cost of living. In California, for instance, the average medical administrative assistant salary is significantly higher than in many Midwestern or Southern states, reflecting the state’s expansive medical infrastructure and higher operating expenses. Similarly, areas with major urban centers or large hospital systems, such as Boston or Seattle, typically offer higher compensation to attract qualified staff.

While higher salaries can be appealing, it is also important to consider your career goals, training options, and local job market. Some professionals may choose to train in more affordable regions or pursue related credentials, such as the cheapest 1-year MPH programs online, to expand their career flexibility. 

To gain a better insight into salary differences, consider the income of medical administrative assistants in each state below, based on the latest data from the BLS (2024a).

What factors influence the salary of medical administrative assistants?

Several key factors can impact an individual’s earnings. Understanding what drives differences in compensation can help students and job seekers make more informed decisions about their training and career paths. Below are some of the most important factors that influence the medical administrative assistant salary:

• Location: Salaries often vary significantly by state and city due to differences in the cost of living and regional demand for healthcare workers. Urban areas and states with large healthcare systems typically offer higher wages. In contrast, rural regions or areas with lower patient volumes may offer more modest pay.
• Level of Education: While many entry-level roles require only a high school diploma, having an associate degree can increase earning potential. Employers may prefer candidates with more advanced training for supervisory or specialized administrative roles. Taking additional courses, such as medical billing and coding classes online, can also help individuals qualify for higher-paying positions.
• Certification and Skills: Holding a professional certification assures employers of your verified expertise. Moreover, candidates must demonstrate medical administrative assistants’ top skills, such as technological knowledge, communication and active listening, customer service, and problem-solving. Having the core competencies and credentials can help open doors to greater responsibilities and higher-paying positions. In fact, Certified Medical Assistants (CMAs) earn $42,963.09, and non-CMA-certified assistants earn $39,913.18 (American Association of Medical Assistants, 2024).
• Level of Experience: Like most professions, experience is key to salary growth. Medical administrative assistants with several years in the field often command higher wages and may be eligible for promotions to office manager or coordinator roles. Entry-level workers can expect lower starting pay, but wages tend to rise steadily with time. For instance, CMAs in primary care who have at least two years of experience earn $37,266 while those with more than 16 years of experience earn $47,501 (AAMA, 2024).
• Employer Type: The setting in which a medical administrative assistant works also influences salary. Hospitals and outpatient care centers typically offer higher pay than smaller private practices or urgent care clinics. Larger healthcare organizations may also provide better benefits and more opportunities for advancement.

Ultimately, a combination of these factors shapes how much a medical administrative assistant can earn. By pursuing additional education, seeking certification, and gaining experience in higher-paying settings, professionals in this field can work toward increased salary and long-term career growth.

Which cities pay the highest salaries for medical administrative assistants?

In addition to state-level trends, the medical administrative assistant salary ranges can vary considerably from one city to another. Metropolitan areas with high living costs and strong healthcare systems tend to offer the most competitive wages. This is particularly true in parts of California and Washington, where urban healthcare facilities rely heavily on skilled administrative support staff.

For example, the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara region in California offers the highest salaries in the country, with average annual earnings around $67,000. This figure is well above the national average and reflects the area’s dense network of advanced medical centers and high demand for qualified personnel. 

Similarly, in Washington’s Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue metro area, medical administrative assistants earn close to $60,000 per year, benefiting from the region’s robust healthcare infrastructure and steady employment growth.

The metropolitan areas with the highest wages for the profession include the following (BLS, 2024a):

1. San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA: $67,010
2. Napa, CA: $63,140
3. San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA: $62,900
4. Vallejo, CA: $61,400
5. Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA: $59,720
6. Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA: $58,540
7. Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA: $56,270
8. Bellingham, WA: $55,450
9. Bremerton-Silverdale-Port Orchard, WA: $54,790
10. Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA: $54,350

However, the cost of living in these areas is also high. For instance, California has a cost-of-living index of 144.8 while Washington has 114.2 (World Population Index, 2025). Likewise, the states that offer the highest wages for the profession have some of the highest cost-of-living indexes. This means that while salaries may appear generous on paper, a significant portion of income in these regions often goes toward housing, transportation, and other essential expenses.

Therefore, when deciding where to start your career, it is important to look beyond national averages and consider local salary trends. To boost your career flexibility and long-term prospects in healthcare, you could consider exploring specialized training options or pursuing advanced education, including programs like a social worker degree online, which can complement your administrative background.

What is the top-paying industry for medical administrative assistants?

While many medical administrative assistants work in clinics, hospitals, and private practices, some industries offer significantly higher pay for this role. The top-paying sectors typically involve specialized services, research environments, or institutions that require advanced administrative support.  

• Grantmaking and Giving Services ($58,590): This industry includes nonprofit organizations that focus on funding healthcare initiatives. Medical administrative assistants in this setting often manage donor records, coordinate outreach, and assist with healthcare program logistics. 
• Scientific Research and Development Services ($55,650): Assistants working in medical research centers support clinical trials, manage sensitive data, and assist researchers with documentation and scheduling. This high-stakes environment values precision and confidentiality, which often translates to higher pay. 
• Legal Services ($52,610): Though not a traditional healthcare setting, legal firms that specialize in health law or malpractice often employ medical administrative assistants. These professionals review and organize medical records, coordinate with healthcare experts, and assist attorneys with case preparation. 
• Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals ($51,610): These facilities often require administrative staff trained in both medical terminology and patient confidentiality. Assistants in this field typically help manage appointment scheduling, insurance documentation, and coordination between care teams. 
• Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools ($50,690): Higher education institutions that offer medical programs often hire administrative assistants to support faculty, manage clinical placements, and coordinate academic records. This role blends academic administration with healthcare knowledge, making it unique and well-compensated. 

Exploring different industries can help future professionals determine where their skills may be most valued and financially rewarded. For those seeking to maximize their medical administrative assistant salary, identifying these industries can help shape more rewarding career paths and potentially pair experience with related credentials, such as those in the easiest ABSN program to get into.

Which states employ the highest number of medical administrative assistants?

In 2024, there were around 830,760 medical secretaries and administrative assistants nationwide (BLS, 2024a). A huge portion of this was from California, which employed around 116,890 professionals. Florida is the second state with the highest levels of employment, followed by Texas, North Carolina, and New York. Consider the following employment figures:

1. California: 116,890
2. Florida: 80,430
3. Texas: 72,810
4. North Carolina: 45,540
5. New York: 34,170
6. Tennessee: 31,780
7. Ohio: 29,970
8. Michigan: 27,440
9. Pennsylvania: 26,270
10. Illinois: 24,150

These states tend to have large, aging populations, expansive healthcare networks, and a high concentration of hospitals, clinics, and medical offices—all of which drive demand for medical administrative assistants. Additionally, several states have major metropolitan areas where healthcare systems are rapidly expanding, requiring more administrative support to meet patient and provider needs.

While these states may not always offer the highest medical administrative assistant salary, they provide ample job opportunities and long-term career stability. If you are planning to enter this field, considering both the availability of jobs and the local cost of living will help you make informed career decisions.

In the chart below, I have illustrated the differences in salary ranges between medical administrative assistants and clinical medical assistants.

What advancement opportunities can medical administrative assistants take to increase pay?

Many medical administrative assistants choose to pursue advancement opportunities. These options not only enhance expertise but also position them for leadership or specialized roles, which often come with a higher medical administrative assistant salary. Some of the most effective ways to boost pay and grow in this field include:

• Certifications: Credentials like the Certified Medical Administrative Assistant (CMAA), Medical Administrative Assistant Certification (MAAC), or Certified Professional Coder (CPC) can validate specialized knowledge and increase employability. These certifications often lead to administrative or billing roles with greater complexity or higher wages. Employers value certified professionals for their proven competence and commitment to the profession. In fact, 61% of employers cite certification as their top criterion when hiring assistants.
• Advanced Studies: Pursuing an associate, bachelor’s, or master’s degree can open doors to supervisory or managerial roles. Various disciplines, like nursing, pharmacy, public health, social work, health information management, or health administration, are some of the best areas to explore.
• Specializations: Medical administrative assistants can specialize in areas like oncology, pediatrics, or cardiology, which may require deeper knowledge but often come with higher pay. Specialization shows initiative and adaptability in high-demand environments. These roles also offer exposure to more complex administrative tasks and a stronger career trajectory.
• Continuing Education: Staying current with medical laws, coding updates, and administrative technologies ensures continued competency and credential maintenance. Some employers provide tuition reimbursement or access to online courses. Maintaining and renewing credentials helps assistants stay competitive in a fast-changing industry.
• Teaching and Training: Experienced medical administrative assistants may find opportunities to teach in vocational programs or community colleges. Sharing real-world insights and preparing future professionals can be both financially and personally rewarding. These roles often offer flexibility and supplement full-time employment. For those curious about transitioning to education later, resources like how to get a teaching credential can provide additional pathways.

Investing in professional growth can substantially enhance long-term earning potential and career mobility. With the right combination of education, certification, and specialization, medical administrative assistants can take on more advanced positions, expand into related fields, or even pursue roles in healthcare education.

This chart reflects the employers’ expectations for medical administrative assistant roles.

Are online training programs an effective pathway for medical administrative assistants?

Online education can provide flexible, accredited training that aligns with current healthcare administrative practices. These programs focus on developing essential skills such as patient scheduling, billing procedures, and electronic health record management without the constraints of traditional classroom schedules. They also embed opportunities for industry-specific certifications and practical exercises, helping students to transition smoothly into the workforce. Furthermore, many institutions offer comprehensive career services, including job placement assistance and networking with potential employers. For individuals seeking an affordable entry point into the field, enrolling in the cheapest online medical assistant program can be a strategic first step.

What affordable education options can accelerate career growth?

Investing in advanced credentials can expand skillsets and open doors to leadership roles. Targeted online programs offer cost-effective pathways to gain new competencies without disrupting work schedules. For instance, pursuing certifications and advanced coursework through programs like the cheapest online health science degree can enhance practical expertise while positioning professionals for higher-paying opportunities and evolving industry demands.

Can an accelerated degree boost your career in medical administration?

An accelerated degree in healthcare administration can offer medical administrative assistants a strategic advantage by fast‐tracking the acquisition of key management, leadership, and operational skills. This focused pathway not only streamlines the learning process but also emphasizes advanced practices in financial management, regulatory compliance, and technology integration within healthcare settings. Such programs enable professionals to tackle evolving industry challenges and assume greater responsibilities sooner, thereby enhancing competitiveness and long-term career prospects. Additionally, the real-world applications and networking opportunities provided by these intensive courses can bridge the gap between day-to-day operational tasks and strategic decision-making. For those seeking an efficient way to elevate their credentials and impact within the field, exploring a healthcare administration accelerated degree could be a transformative step.

Can an advanced degree accelerate career progression in medical administration?

Advanced academic credentials can distinguish professionals in a competitive healthcare environment by broadening leadership and managerial competencies. Specialized programs offer strategic insights into financial administration, policy compliance, and operational efficiency that directly enhance supervisory responsibilities and career growth. Pursuing such qualifications may lead to elevated compensation and greater job stability. For example, obtaining a degree through the fastest online MBA healthcare management programs can provide the targeted education necessary to bridge the gap between administrative roles and higher management positions.

Is there a pay gap among medical administrative assistants?

Even though women make up the overwhelming majority of the medical administrative assistant workforce, data suggests that a gender-based pay gap still exists within the field. Approximately 89% of medical administrative assistants are female, yet they earn an average annual salary of just $34,002 (Zippia, 2025). In contrast, male professionals, who account for only 11% of the workforce, earn an average of $34,968 per year for performing comparable duties.

This difference, while seemingly small in dollar amount, highlights a broader issue of wage disparity in healthcare support roles. Although the medical administrative assistant salary overall is relatively consistent compared to other entry-level healthcare occupations, the gender wage gap reflects underlying systemic factors that may influence compensation, such as negotiation practices, perceived leadership potential, or unconscious bias. 

Additionally, limited transparency in pay structures across different healthcare settings can contribute to these discrepancies. As students and career changers explore opportunities in this field, it is important to be aware of such medical administrative assistant salary gaps and advocate for equitable pay. Understanding average wages and what influences them can help prospective professionals make informed decisions when entering or advancing within the role.

What is the job outlook for medical administrative assistants?

The job outlook for medical administrative assistants remains steady as the healthcare industry expands. According to BLS projections (2024b), employment in this profession is expected to grow moderately by 5.4% between 2023 and 2033. This rate translates to approximately 82,400 openings for medical administrative assistant jobs yearly, driven by workforce turnover and retirements. 

In addition, as the U.S. population ages, the demand for medical services is increasing, which in turn, raises the need for administrative staff to support expanded patient care. Healthcare facilities are also evolving to accommodate more outpatient and specialized services, requiring additional personnel to manage scheduling, billing, and records efficiently. 

Notably, medical assistants with clinical duties are projected to see a faster growth rate of 15%, or about 119,800 annual openings during the same period. Candidates who wish to have a balanced set of clinical and administrative skills may benefit more in the long term, as this versatility can open doors to a wider range of healthcare roles.

However, this growth brings a set of challenges that come with working in a dynamic healthcare environment. The increasing use of electronic health records and other digital systems means medical administrative assistants must continuously adapt to evolving technology. Additionally, issues like understaffing, relatively low medical administrative assistant salary ranges, high patient volumes, and administrative workloads can contribute to stress, burnout, or dissatisfaction. 

Aspiring medical administrative assistants should carefully weigh not just the job’s stability and future growth, but also the daily demands of the role and how it aligns with their long-term career goals. Taking these factors into consideration can lead to more informed, thoughtful decisions about pursuing this path.

How does a medical administrative assistant’s salary compare to other professions?

Medical administrative assistants serve as the backbone of healthcare offices, ensuring that daily operations run smoothly and efficiently. While the medical administrative assistant salary is competitive for entry-level healthcare roles, many professionals consider advancing into related careers that offer broader responsibilities and greater long-term potential. Exploring these options can help individuals plan strategic next steps toward professional growth within the healthcare industry.

• Clinical Medical Assistants ($44,720): They perform both administrative and clinical duties to support healthcare professionals, preparing patients for exams, taking medical histories, recording vital signs, and assisting during procedures. In addition, they handle laboratory tasks such as drawing blood, preparing specimens, and maintaining medical records.
• Medical Billing and Coding Specialists ($55,970): What is a medical biller and coder? These professionals handle insurance claims and translate medical procedures into standardized codes used for billing. They often work closely with healthcare providers and insurance companies to resolve billing discrepancies.
• Clinical Laboratory Technologists ($65,320): Clinical laboratory technologists perform tests on blood, tissue, and other bodily fluids to help diagnose and treat diseases. They operate complex laboratory equipment, analyze results, and report findings to physicians. 
• Health Education Specialists ($71,700): They design and implement programs to educate individuals and communities about healthy behaviors and wellness practices. They also assess health needs, develop educational materials, and improve public health outcomes by promoting awareness of disease prevention, nutrition, or mental health.
• Healthcare Social Workers ($72,030): These professionals help patients navigate the emotional, social, and financial challenges associated with illness or injury. They coordinate services such as counseling, discharge planning, and community referrals. 
• Health Information Technologists ($73,410): They manage and organize patient data in electronic health record (EHR) systems. They also ensure that records are accurate, secure, and compliant with privacy laws.
• Healthcare Administrators ($80,791): The healthcare administrator job description includes planning, directing, and coordinating services in hospitals, nursing homes, or public health systems. They focus on operational efficiency, staff management, and regulatory compliance.
• Social and Community Service Managers ($86,100): These managers oversee programs, such as mental health outreach, housing assistance, or aging services, that support public well-being. They lead teams, manage budgets, and assess program effectiveness to meet community needs. 
• Registered Nurses ($98,430): RNs provide direct patient care, administer medications, and assist with treatment plans under the supervision of physicians. They also monitor patient progress, educate families, and advocate for patient needs. If you are a nursing assistant and would want to move up the career ladder and improve your earning potential by becoming an RN, you can check out online nursing programs CNA to RN.
• Medical and Health Services Managers ($137,730): These professionals plan, direct, and coordinate medical and health services in hospitals, clinics, or specific departments. Their responsibilities often include budgeting, staffing, and developing internal policies.

As these roles demonstrate, there are several advancement paths for medical administrative assistants who wish to boost their income and take on more responsibility. Gaining additional certifications, pursuing further education, or specializing in high-demand areas can significantly enhance both earnings and career satisfaction.

This chart displays the difference in wages among the various healthcare roles.

Here’s What Graduates Have to Say About Their Careers as Medical Administrative Assistants

• “Becoming a medical administrative assistant has truly transformed my life. I love how my job allows me to combine organization with helping people and to make a real impact in healthcare. The skills I’ve gained in scheduling, patient communication, and medical billing have opened so many doors for me. I feel proud knowing I’m part of a team that ensures everything runs smoothly in a busy clinic.” - Jade
• “The flexibility of a medical administrative assistant career is one of its greatest benefits. I’ve been able to balance work and family life, with a steady schedule that allows me to focus on both. I’ve gained valuable experience in office management, patient scheduling, and insurance processing, which has given me skills I can use anywhere. Plus, the healthcare industry is always evolving, which keeps me engaged and motivated.” - Mark
• “Becoming a medical administrative assistant has opened so many doors for me. The training I received gave me a solid foundation in office procedures and patient communication, which has been invaluable. What I enjoy most is the constant learning and the chance to work with a variety of people—patients, doctors, nurses, and insurance companies. The healthcare industry is always growing, and there’s no shortage of opportunities. I’m proud of the work I do.” - Tatiana

Key Findings 

• The average medical administrative assistant salary in 2024 was $45,580 yearly, or $21.91 hourly, and the income range falls between $35,050 and $60,050.
• Washington is the top-paying state for medical administrative assistants, with the annual salary reaching $56,500.
• Certified Medical Assistants (CMAs) earn $42,963.09, and non-CMA-certified assistants earn $39,913.18.
• CMAs in primary care who have at least two years of experience earn $37,266, while those with more than 16 years of experience earn $47,501.
• Approximately 89% of medical administrative assistants are female, yet they earn an average annual salary of just $34,002. In contrast, male professionals, who account for only 11% of the workforce, earn an average of $34,968 per year.

Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Medical Administrative Assistant

Is a medical assistant the same as a medical administrative assistant?

No, they are not the same. While their roles may overlap, there is a slight difference between the two. A medical assistant, often called a clinical medical assistant, handles both clinical and administrative tasks, such as taking vital signs, assisting with exams, and administering medications. In contrast, a medical administrative assistant focuses primarily on office duties, such as scheduling appointments, managing patient records, and handling billing and insurance. 

Is a medical administrative assistant a stressful job?

The role of a medical administrative assistant can be stressful at times, especially in busy healthcare settings. Managing patient appointments, dealing with insurance claims, and ensuring accurate documentation often involves tight deadlines and attention to detail. However, many find the work rewarding as it allows them to contribute to the efficient operation of healthcare facilities. Good time management, organization, and effective communication can help manage the stress that comes with the role.

What degree is best for a medical administrative assistant?

A high school diploma is the minimum requirement, but pursuing a postsecondary certificate or associate degree in medical office administration, health information management, or a related field can be beneficial. Many programs offer courses in medical billing, coding, and office management, which are key skills for medical administrative assistants. Some employers may also require or prefer candidates with certification from a recognized body, such as the American Association of Medical Assistants (AAMA), National Healthcareer Association (NHA), American Medical Certification Association (AMCA), or National Center for Competency Testing (NCCT).

What is the best specialty for a medical assistant?

The best specialty for a medical assistant depends on individual interests and career goals. Some popular specialties include pediatrics, dermatology, cardiology, and orthopedics. These fields offer opportunities to work closely with patients in specific medical settings. Specialized medical assistants often receive additional training to handle specific procedures and earn the Specialty Certified Medical Assistant (SCMA) certification, increasing their job prospects and earning potential. Choosing a specialty that aligns with personal interests can lead to greater job satisfaction and career advancement in the healthcare industry.

References:

• American Association of Medical Assistants. (2024). 2024 CMA (AAMA) Compensation and Benefits Report. https://www.aama-ntl.org/docs/default-source/about/2024-c-b-report-web.pdf?sfvrsn=488d6fc8_3
• PayScale. (2025, April 2). Average Healthcare Administrator Salary. Retrieved April 22, 2025, from https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Healthcare_Administrator/Salary
• U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024a). 43-6013 Medical Secretaries and Administrative Assistants [Interactive data]. May 2024 OEWS Profiles, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) Profiles. Retrieved April 22, 2025, from https://data.bls.gov/oesprofile
• U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024b, August 29). Occupational projections, 2023–33, and worker characteristics, 2023 (Numbers in thousands). Employment Projections. https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/occupational-projections-and-characteristics.htm
• World Population Index. (2025). Cost of Living Index by State 2025. Retrieved April 22, 2025, from https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/cost-of-living-index-by-state
• Zippia. (2025, January 8). Medical Office Administrative Assistant demographics and statistics in the US. Retrieved April 22, 2025, from https://www.zippia.com/medical-office-administrative-assistant-jobs/demographics