How to Become an Accountant: 2025 Salary and Career Paths

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Accountants play a critical role in helping individuals and organizations manage their finances effectively. Usually, small businesses need just one accountant, mid-sized companies need two to six, while enterprises may hire more than 12 accountants to operate daily (Envoice, 2022). They are often tasked with keeping track of company cash flow, analyzing financial statements, and preparing tax compliance measures.

To fulfill these responsibilities, aspiring accountants typically need to complete a bachelor’s degree. An affordable business degree online, such as one in accounting, can provide a flexible and convenient option. Students can choose to specialize in specific areas like financial or managerial accounting and gain advanced skills in math and financial processes. Furthermore, becoming a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) may lead to more opportunities for those looking to pursue this career path.

In this guide, our team explains the step-by-step process of how to become an accountant. We will also discuss the typical roles of an accountant, minimum qualifications to enter the profession, CPA requirements, salary, and career outlook to provide valuable insights and resources to future accountants.

How to Become an Accountant: 2025 Salary and Career Paths Table of Contents

Obtain a Bachelor’s Degree in Accounting
Get an Intership or Apply for an Entry-level Job
Consider Enrolling in a Master’s Program
Prepare to Become a CPA
Career Opportunities and Growth Paths
Online Learning Options for Aspiring Accountants
What are the best accounting certifications for beginners?
How Can an Online Accounting Degree Propel Career Growth?
What Are the Highest Paying Accounting Jobs?
Can Accountants Combine Financial Expertise with Social Impact?
Is Pursuing an Actuarial Career a Viable Option for Accountants?
What Are the Key Professional Associations for Accountants?
Should Accountants Pursue an Advanced Finance Degree?
Look into Continuing Education Opportunities
Cost Considerations and Financial Aid Options

What is an accountant?

Becoming an accountant involves recording, analyzing, and reporting day-to-day financial information to management, investors, and government agencies. Furthermore, aligning with accounting degree opportunities can help future graduates secure a future in this field. Their basic roles include:

Reconciling bank statements
Providing financial advice to clients
Preparing financial records and reports
Overseeing payroll and billing processes
Analyzing and preventing financial risks or fraud
Ensuring compliance with tax laws and regulations

It is also important to note that CPAs may perform other tasks that non-CPAs cannot. These tasks include filing reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), auditing public companies, and acting as fiduciaries. Furthermore, since all businesses handle finances, accountants can work in almost any type of industry. In a 2021 report, 24% of them were employed in accounting-related services, 8% were employed in both finance or insurance services and the government, 7% worked in enterprises, and 4% were self-employed (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2022).

Required Skills for Accountants

Becoming an accountant also means being equipped with the right technical and soft skills. Therefore, in this section, we will detail the qualifications prospective accountants must possess to excel in this field.

Essential Skills

Math. Being a master of mathematical skills, including statistics or calculus, is important since accountants handle the daily financial operations of their clients. These will come in handy when they are analyzing financial statements, interpreting financial books, and drawing conclusions from numbers.
Software and computer literacy. In a study, 91% of accountants think that incorporating technology into their work adds more value to their roles, such as enabling them to have more time for client assistance (Sage, 2020). Therefore, being familiar with accounting software and basic computer processes can help expedite redundant tasks and provide them with more time for other key services.
Bookkeeping and auditing. Keeping financial books in order and evaluating the accuracy of these records are essential skills for any aspiring accountant. Beyond these, however, bookkeeping and auditing entail a more meticulous process of reconciling transactions and providing an independent opinion on the financial health of an organization.
Taxation laws. Familiarity with federal, state, and local tax regulations, as well as the ability to apply these laws to the financial records of an organization, is a vital skill for accountants. Taxation knowledge enables them to offer advice on tax planning and strategies to minimize tax liability. They may do so by accomplishing tax law and policy courses in online programs for criminal justice.

General Skills

Communication. Accountants often work with clients, management, and regulatory bodies. Therefore, they must use strong communication skills to build and maintain relationships with them. They must be able to properly convey complex financial information and analysis to non-financial stakeholders as well.
Organization. Because accountants handle a high volume of financial information, they must manage multiple tasks and prioritize their work effectively to keep records and maintain deadlines daily. They must also have keen attention to detail to spot any inaccuracies in financial statements or flag down any fraudulent activities within the company.
Analytical and critical thinking. The ability to think critically and solve problems is crucial in this field, as accountants often face complex financial issues that require creative solutions. They must also interpret financial statements, identify trends, and use that information to provide valuable insights and recommendations to their clients.
Collaboration. This skill enables accountants to leverage the diverse expertise of their team members to solve complex financial problems and make strategic decisions for the company. Having strong collaboration skills also comes in handy in any field should accountancy graduates decide to pursue a different field of work.

How to Become an Accountant: A Step-by-Step Guide

In this section, our team dissects the steps on how to become an accountant and provides details on the CPA qualifications to help future professionals advance their career paths.

Obtain a Bachelor’s Degree in Accounting

In 2020, a total of 101,094 accounting degrees were awarded in the United States (Data USA, n.d.). Pursuing either this or a finance program is a common path for future accountants. These provide a comprehensive understanding of financial management, accounting principles, and business practices. Factoring in finance and accounting degree similarities and differences could also help identify career goals. For instance, a finance degree focuses more on the interpretation of financial data, while an accounting degree concentrates on information systems. Other programs students can consider are economics, business management, or business administration.

Get an Internship or Apply for an Entry-level Job

Signing up for an undergraduate program’s internship can help accountancy students garner more valuable insights. Alternatively, since the accountant minimum requirements entail only a bachelor’s degree, graduates may already apply for an entry-level position in accounting departments or companies. The objective is to gain hands-on experience in the field, which is crucial in comprehending how accounting processes work in real-life situations. In addition, working in the field can help build networks, credibility, and mastery of the skills needed for career advancement.

Consider Enrolling in a Master’s Program

Most states require CPAs to earn 150 semester hours of accounting coursework (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, n.d.). This may be obtained by enrolling in a master’s program or an undergraduate five-year accounting program worth 150 credit hours. While getting a master’s degree is not required, it helps learners pick their expertise through specializations, which include public, corporate, managerial, or forensic accounting. Furthermore, learners may also choose to enroll in related programs, such as an online master’s in public policy or a graduate degree in business, to further strengthen and widen their knowledge of the discipline.

Prepare to Become a CPA

Apart from meeting the educational requirements, CPA hopefuls must also complete a minimum of 2,000 hours of experience. In addition, they must also pass the Uniform CPA Exam, which is divided into Auditing and Attestation, Business Environment and Concepts, Financial Accounting and Reporting, and Regulation. Exam takers must complete the four sections within 18 months and garner a minimum score of 75 in each section. Some states also require an additional Ethics examination. It is best to check the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) for the specific state requirements before applying for licensure.

Another state-dependent variable of CPA certification is the CPA exam costs. While being a certified bookkeeper is similar in many states, the examination may have different prices that aspiring CPAs should take into account.

Career Opportunities and Growth Paths

After obtaining a degree in accounting and earning certifications like the CPA, the next step is to explore the wide range of career opportunities available. Accounting graduates can pursue roles in various sectors, including public accounting, corporate finance, government agencies, and non-profit organizations. Entry-level positions like staff accountant or auditor are common starting points, but with experience, professionals can move up to higher roles such as senior accountant, tax advisor, or even financial manager.

One of the biggest advantages of pursuing accounting is its versatility. For those looking to specialize, there are opportunities to focus on tax, auditing, or forensic accounting. Many accountants also transition into financial consulting or start their own accounting practices.

In terms of career growth, accountants have excellent opportunities for advancement. As they gain experience, they can take on more complex tasks, manage larger teams, and pursue leadership positions like controller, finance director, or CFO. Additionally, pursuing a Master’s degree or additional certifications can open doors to higher-level positions.

For those wondering about the easiest education degree that offers both a solid career path and flexible job options, accounting often stands out. Its stable demand, career progression, and potential for high earning power make it an appealing choice.

Online Learning Options for Aspiring Accountants

For individuals aiming to balance education with other commitments, pursuing online learning options presents a viable and flexible pathway toward a career in accounting. Online programs not only provide the same foundational knowledge and resources as traditional on-campus degrees but also allow learners to tailor their study schedules to fit their personal and professional lives.

One of the major advantages of online education is its adaptability. Students can enroll in programs that match their career objectives, whether it's a general accounting degree or a specialized field like forensic accounting or tax preparation. Moreover, online platforms often integrate the latest technological tools, enabling students to gain exposure to software and digital systems commonly used in accounting jobs today.

For those seeking an easily accessible entry point into higher education, exploring the easiest online college degrees can be a strategic choice. Such programs simplify the learning process while still offering a strong foundation for future academic or professional growth in the field of accounting.

Additionally, online education frequently comes with cost-saving benefits. Reduced tuition fees, no relocation expenses, and the ability to maintain a part-time job while studying make it an appealing option for many aspiring accountants. Combining this with robust postgraduate opportunities, such as CPA preparation courses or master's programs, online learning offers a strong bridge to achieving long-term career goals.

What are the best accounting certifications for beginners?

For those new to the field of accounting, exploring various certifications can be a strategic move to enhance career prospects. One of the key certifications to consider is the accounting certifications for beginners. This certification can provide a foundational understanding of accounting principles, financial statements, and budgeting, making it an ideal starting point for beginners. Additionally, it can demonstrate a commitment to the profession and potentially open up more job opportunities. By obtaining this certification, individuals can gain a competitive edge in the job market and set themselves up for long-term success in the accounting field.

How Can an Online Accounting Degree Propel Career Growth?

An online accounting degree equips professionals with a curriculum that integrates evolving digital technologies and industry-specific competencies. Graduates benefit from flexible learning models designed to update technical skills, foster innovative problem-solving, and enhance strategic decision-making. Furthermore, accredited programs emphasize real-world applications, enabling seamless adaptation to shifting market demands and regulatory landscapes without compromising on academic rigor.

What Are the Highest Paying Accounting Jobs?

By targeting roles that consistently command premium earnings, accounting professionals can strategically guide their career trajectory. Specialized positions in forensic accounting, corporate finance analytics, and executive financial management often yield higher salaries due to the expertise required and the complexity of responsibilities. For detailed insights into market trends and compensation benchmarks, professionals may consult comprehensive industry studies and resources, including data on accounting jobs.

Can Accountants Combine Financial Expertise with Social Impact?

Accountants seeking to diversify their career trajectories are increasingly exploring interdisciplinary strategies that merge financial acumen with principles of social impact. Integrating expertise from fields such as social work enables professionals to support community-based initiatives and non-profit organizations while reinforcing robust financial management practices. For example, understanding MSW career options can provide insights into community-driven strategies that complement traditional accounting roles. Moreover, evaluating advanced academic investments is crucial; for resources on balancing quality and affordability, consider reading our guide on the master's in accounting online cost. This convergence of disciplines fosters innovative approaches that drive sustainable change and expand the scope of professional impact.

Is Pursuing an Actuarial Career a Viable Option for Accountants?

For professionals seeking to diversify their financial expertise, exploring an actuarial career can complement traditional accounting by incorporating advanced risk analysis and statistical modeling. This path demands proficiency in probability theory, finance, and higher mathematics, offering a distinct analytical edge. To evaluate this opportunity and determine how it aligns with your career goals, consider reviewing what do you need to do to become an actuary.

What Are the Key Professional Associations for Accountants?

Accountants can enhance their professional growth and access exclusive resources by joining leading industry associations. These organizations offer tailored networking events, mentorship programs, and insight into emerging trends and best practices. Members gain valuable industry guidance and education updates—resources that include detailed information on CPA certification requirements. Participation in professional associations also fosters relationships with peers and industry leaders, ultimately supporting career advancement and staying informed on regulatory changes relevant to the accounting field.

Should Accountants Pursue an Advanced Finance Degree?

While a core accounting degree equips professionals with essential skills, an advanced finance degree can further refine strategic financial analysis and risk management abilities. This additional expertise enables accountants to enhance financial forecasting, navigate market volatility, and integrate innovative tools into their decision-making processes. Combining rigorous accounting fundamentals with advanced financial theories creates a well-rounded skill set that is highly valued by employers. Professionals interested in expanding their scope might consider exploring an affordable online master's in finance to advance their careers without compromising flexibility and cost-effectiveness.

Look into Continuing Education Opportunities

All CPAs must obtain 120 hours of continuing professional education (CPE) every three years to maintain licensure (AICPA, n.d.). To earn credits, certified accountants may take self or group-study courses. In addition to earning CPE credits, accountants may choose to meet the requirements for PhD and enroll in a doctoral program in accounting. While this is usually taken by accountants who wish to pursue a position in higher education or research, gaining new knowledge of the discipline can always unlock and develop skills.

Accountant Salary and Career Outlook

Data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2022) show that the annual average accountant salary in 2021 was $77,250. Meanwhile, the 2023 median pay for a CPA ranges from $70,235 to $461,014 (Salary.com, 2023). However, wages are typically affected by several factors, including location, skills or level of experience, educational attainment, company policies, and whether or not the employee is a CPA. For example, the CPA salary California is quite high, as it is considered one of the top-paying states.

While accounting is flagged as one of the jobs that are decreasing in demand (World Economic Forum, 2020), the future remains bright for the profession. The overall employment of accountants and auditors will gain a 6% change from 2021 to 2031, providing 136,400 annual openings within the period (BLS, 2022). Digital Transformation and the Fourth Industrial Revolution are influencing how jobs evolve, but this does not mean that accountants will become obsolete. Rather, they must learn how to use technology to their advantage and transform it into tools that could innovate their roles.

In fact, a study by Tsiligiris & Bowyer (2021) called “Exploring the Impact of 4IR on Skills and Personal Qualities for Future Accountants: A Proposed Conceptual Framework for University Accounting Education" suggests a conceptual framework that can help accounting schools and programs train future accountants to adapt to a digitally advanced world.

They state, “Future accountants need to be able to understand the uses and limitations of digital technologies in the broader business context and not just limited to the accounting function… [F]uture accountants need to possess a balance of skills and a growing importance of soft skills. Soft skills are seen as paramount in helping accountants to be successful in the future of work where higher cognitive skills are valued. Also, in the context of global and local citizenship that becomes central to the society and economy, future accountants need to be introduced to the concepts of inclusivity and sustainability."

Their work which was published in Accounting Education adds, “More broadly, the analysis of the reports identifies an implied expectation about the transformation of the accounting profession and the role of future accountants in it. The ability of accountants to embrace digital technologies and use soft skills will not only affect their employability but also plays a key role in the transformation of the accounting function from being transaction-based to become value-adding."

Alternative Career Options for Accountants

Not all accounting degree holders end up as accountants, which is why in this section, we will provide a short list of alternative occupations to help students and graduates excel in related fields.

Fraud Investigation Officers $64,793

They investigate allegations by gathering evidence, analyzing financial data and other records, and interviewing individuals to determine if fraudulent activities have occurred. Fraud investigation officers must be knowledgeable about financial laws and other state or federal regulations. They also collaborate with law enforcement agencies and legal teams to present findings and provide testimony in court proceedings.

Entrepreneurs $66,319

Becoming a business owner is another avenue that accounting graduates may venture into. Business owners are in charge of running the daily operations of their stores, as well as interacting with clients, handling employees, and conducting quality or inventory checks. Entrepreneurs must also do a deep dive into the gaps and trends in the market to provide unique products or services.

Financial Journalists $71,288

They research the latest trends in finance and businesses and write articles for news outlets or magazines. They cover topics such as stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, and financial markets. Financial journalists may also interview key personalities like economic experts, government officials, and company heads to provide more information to the stories they write.

Accounting Professors $134,201

They are educators who specialize in the field of accounting and typically hold a doctoral degree to teach in higher education. Their primary responsibilities include teaching, contributing research work, and providing academic counseling. Accounting professors may also hold positions in university committees or accounting organizations and offer consulting services to businesses.

Making a Positive Impact as an Accountant

In this guide, our team provided the steps on how to become an accountant, as well as details on what an accountant does, required skills and qualifications, salary, and career outlook, to help prospective accountants prepare. A career in this field starts with an on-campus or online business degree program and ends with various pathways and opportunities.

Aspiring accountants can flourish in any industry since their vital role helps run a company’s daily operations. In addition, accountants can use their skills and knowledge and take advantage of technology to help them prosper outside the field of accountancy. It doesn’t matter which state one earns their skills, as many states offer various accounting degrees, including the best accounting schools in NC.

While the path to being an accountant may be challenging, it can also be rewarding. With the right education, skills, and determination, individuals can embark on a successful career in accounting and make a positive impact on businesses and the economy as a whole.

Cost Considerations and Financial Aid Options

Obtaining an accounting degree requires an investment in your future. The cost of tuition and fees can vary depending on the chosen program (on-campus vs. online), the type of institution (public vs. private), and your location. However, various financial aid options can help you pursue your accounting aspirations.

Bachelor's Degree: On average, in-state tuition for public four-year institutions offering accounting programs is around $25,000 per year, while out-of-state tuition can be double that amount. Online programs often offer a more affordable alternative. Affordable online accounting degree usually range from $15,000 to $20,000.
Master's Degree: Earning a master's degree in accounting can further enhance your career prospects, but it typically comes with additional costs. Graduate tuition can range from $20,000 to $40,000 per year, depending on the program and institution.

Financial Aid Opportunities:

Federal Grants and Loans: The Federal Student Aid website offers information on federal grants and loans, such as Pell Grants and Stafford Loans, which can be awarded based on financial need.
State Grants and Scholarships: Many states offer grants and scholarships specifically for students pursuing accounting degrees. Check with your state's higher education department for available programs.
Institutional Scholarships: Colleges and universities often offer merit-based and need-based scholarships to attract and retain qualified students. Investigate the financial aid options available at your chosen institutions.

Key Insights

High Demand for Accountants: Accountants play a vital role in managing finances for businesses of all sizes. Enterprises may require over 12 accountants to manage daily operations effectively.
Educational Pathway: A bachelor’s degree in accounting is typically required to become an accountant. Online programs offer flexibility and can lead to specialization in areas such as financial or managerial accounting.
CPA Certification: Becoming a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) can open more opportunities and is often required for higher-level positions. This includes completing 150 semester hours of coursework and passing the Uniform CPA Exam.
Essential Skills: Accountants must possess strong math, software literacy, bookkeeping, auditing, and knowledge of taxation laws. Soft skills such as communication, organization, analytical thinking, and collaboration are equally important.
Career Outlook and Salary: The average salary for accountants is $77,250, with CPAs earning between $70,235 and $461,014. Despite concerns about job automation, the profession is expected to grow by 6% from 2021 to 2031.
Alternative Career Options: Accountants can explore various related careers such as fraud investigation officers, entrepreneurs, financial journalists, and accounting professors, highlighting the versatility of the accounting degree.

FAQ

1. What educational qualifications are required to become an accountant?

To become an accountant, you typically need to obtain a bachelor’s degree in accounting or a related field. Some may also pursue a master’s degree or specialized certifications to enhance their qualifications.

2. How can I become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA)?

To become a CPA, you must complete 150 semester hours of accounting coursework, gain a minimum of 2,000 hours of work experience, and pass the Uniform CPA Exam. Some states may also require an additional Ethics examination.

3. What skills are essential for accountants?

Accountants need strong math skills, software and computer literacy, expertise in bookkeeping and auditing, and knowledge of taxation laws. Additionally, soft skills such as communication, organization, analytical thinking, and collaboration are crucial.

4. What is the job outlook for accountants?

The job outlook for accountants is positive, with a projected growth rate of 6% from 2021 to 2031. This growth is expected to result in approximately 136,400 job openings annually.

5. How much do accountants earn?

The average annual salary for accountants is $77,250. Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) can earn between $70,235 and $461,014, depending on experience, location, and job role.

6. What alternative careers can accounting degree holders pursue?

Accounting degree holders can pursue careers as fraud investigation officers, entrepreneurs, financial journalists, and accounting professors. These roles leverage their financial expertise in different contexts.

7. What are the benefits of becoming a CPA?

Becoming a CPA can lead to more career opportunities, higher salaries, and the ability to perform specialized tasks such as filing reports to the SEC, auditing public companies, and acting as fiduciaries.

8. Do accountants need continuing education?

Yes, CPAs are required to obtain 120 hours of continuing professional education (CPE) every three years to maintain their licensure. This ensures they stay updated with the latest developments in the field.

9. What are some key challenges accountants face?

Accountants face challenges such as keeping up with changing regulations, managing a high volume of financial information, ensuring accuracy in financial statements, and preventing financial fraud.

10. How can technology impact the role of accountants?

Technology can streamline accounting processes, reduce redundant tasks, and provide more time for key services. Accountants need to adapt to digital tools and software to enhance their efficiency and effectiveness in the modern business environment.

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