How Long Is Nurse Practitioner School for 2025

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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Nurse practitioners are one of the fastest-growing professions, with employment projected to increase by 46% between 2023 and 2033, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. In addition to strong job growth, this role is among the highest-paying in nursing, with excellent earning potential and financial stability. While the rewards of becoming a nurse practitioner are significant, the journey requires time, dedication, and careful planning. In this article, we’ll explore how long it takes to complete nurse practitioner school and achieve certification, providing a clear pathway to this fulfilling career.

Key Things You Should Know About Nurse Practitioner School

• The median annual salary for nurse practitioners was $129,480 in 2023.
• The number of licensed NPs increased by 8.5%, growing from 355,000 in 2022 to 385,000 in 2023.
• Nearly half (49%) of nurse practitioners in 2023 were employed in physicians’ offices.
• In 2022, more than 41,000 students were enrolled in the Doctor of Nurse Practitioner (DNP) program.
• The quickest time to complete nurse practitioner school is one year.

Table of Contents

1. How many years does it take to complete a nurse practitioner program?
2. Are there part-time nurse practitioner programs and how long do they take?
3. How does the nurse practitioner curriculum affect program length?
4. How long are online nurse practitioner programs compared to on-campus ones?
5. How does full-time enrollment impact the duration of nurse practitioner education?
6. What are accelerated nurse practitioner programs and how long do they take?
7. How does the length of nurse practitioner school affect overall tuition costs?
8. Are RN-to-NP Bridge Programs an Effective Accelerated Pathway?
9. Are accelerated online nurse practitioner programs a reliable option?
10. Can online programs without clinicals expedite the journey to becoming a nurse practitioner?
11. Is the nurse practitioner program accredited and aligned with industry standards?
12. How does program duration impact the licensure process for nurse practitioners?
13. Does the length of nurse practitioner school affect career opportunities?
14. Can working as an RN reduce nurse practitioner school time?
15. What career placement support is available through nurse practitioner programs?
16. How does NP specialization influence starting salaries and long-term earnings?
17. What factors should I consider when choosing a nurse practitioner program?
18. How can I reduce the overall costs of nurse practitioner education?
19. Other Things You Should Know About Nurse Practitioner School

How many years does it take to complete a nurse practitioner program?

Each year, approximately 40,000 nurse practitioners graduate in the United States, joining one of the most rapidly expanding professions in healthcare. The length of time it takes to complete nurse practitioner school, however, varies based on the type of program and an individual’s prior education. Below, we outline the most common NP program pathways and their respective durations.

1. RN with BSN to MSN

Program Duration: 2-3 years

This program is designed for registered nurses who hold a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) and wish to advance their careers by becoming nurse practitioners. It typically takes two to three years to complete on a full-time basis, though part-time options may extend the timeline. Students focus on advanced clinical skills, diagnostic reasoning, and specialized areas of practice such as family care, pediatrics, or acute care. The BSN to Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) pathway is one of the most common routes to becoming an NP and provides a strong foundation for further education, such as a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP).

2. RN to NP (without BSN)

Duration: 3-4 years

This pathway is ideal for RNs who do not have a BSN but wish to become nurse practitioners. It typically takes three to four years to complete, as the program combines BSN-level coursework with MSN-level advanced practice training. Students begin by completing undergraduate courses to bridge their education, followed by graduate-level courses to prepare them for NP certification. This pathway is a great option for RNs looking to expand their scope of practice without completing a separate BSN program first.

3. Direct Entry MSN

Duration: 3-4 years

The direct entry MSN program caters to individuals who hold a bachelor’s degree in a non-nursing field and want to transition into nursing while advancing to the nurse practitioner level. Either traditional or direct entry MSN programs online usually take three to four years to complete and start with foundational nursing education, including prerequisites and RN licensure preparation. Afterward, students move on to advanced practice courses, specializing in areas such as family practice, psychiatric care, or women’s health. This pathway is a comprehensive option for those making a career change into nursing and seeking to enter advanced practice roles directly.

4. MSN to DNP

Duration: 1-2 years

This program is for nurse practitioners or advanced practice nurses who already have an MSN and want to earn a Doctor of Nursing Practice degree. It typically takes one to two years to complete on a full-time basis. The curriculum focuses on leadership, evidence-based practice, healthcare policy, and advanced clinical training. MSN-to-DNP programs prepare NPs for leadership roles, academic positions, and enhanced clinical expertise, emphasizing the application of research to improve patient outcomes.

5. BSN to DNP

Duration: 3-4 years

This streamlined program is designed for BSN-prepared RNs who want to earn both an MSN and a DNP in one comprehensive program. It typically takes three to four years of full-time study. Students progress through advanced clinical training, leadership development, and specialty-focused courses to prepare for both clinical practice and leadership roles. The BSN-to-DNP pathway is ideal for those aiming to achieve the highest level of nursing education while advancing their careers.

6. Post-Master’s Certificate Program

Duration: 1-2 years

The Post-Master’s Certificate program is for nurse practitioners or advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) who wish to specialize in a new area of practice or gain additional certifications. These programs typically take one to two years to complete, depending on the specialty and the student’s prior coursework. Common focus areas include acute care, gerontology, pediatrics, or psychiatric mental health. This pathway allows NPs to expand their scope of practice, meet the demands of changing healthcare environments, and open up new career opportunities in specialized fields.

Are there part-time nurse practitioner programs and how long do they take?

Part-time nurse practitioner programs are widely available and are an excellent option for individuals balancing work, family, or other commitments while pursuing advanced education. These programs offer greater flexibility by spreading the coursework over a longer period, typically allowing students to manage their schedules more effectively.

The duration of part-time NP programs depends on the type of program and the individual’s prior educational background:

• BSN to MSN: Part-time BSN-to-MSN programs usually take 3-4 years to complete, compared to 2-3 years for full-time students.
• RN to NP (without BSN): Part-time RN-to-NP programs, which include both BSN and MSN coursework, may take 4-5 years, extending from the standard 3-4 years.
• Direct Entry MSN: For individuals with a non-nursing bachelor’s degree, part-time programs can take 4-5 years, allowing for gradual completion of foundational and advanced coursework.
• MSN to DNP: Part-time MSN-to-DNP programs typically take 3-4 years, compared to 1-2 years for full-time enrollment.
• BSN to DNP: Part-time BSN-to-DNP pathways may take 5-6 years, as opposed to 3-4 years full-time.
• Post-Master’s Certificate: Depending on the specialty, part-time certificate programs can take 1.5-3 years to complete.

While part-time programs take longer to finish, they offer the flexibility to maintain a work-life balance, making them an ideal option for working professionals. According to a report by the National Center for Education Statistics, in 2020, 74% of part-time undergraduate students were working, highlighting how common it is for students to juggle their education with employment. These programs are often tailored to accommodate the schedules of nurses who wish to advance their careers without stepping away from their current roles, allowing them to gain valuable experience while continuing their education.

For those considering alternative career paths, fields such as criminal investigation and organizational leadership offer flexible educational routes. Understanding criminal investigator requirements can help aspiring professionals determine if they need a degree in criminology or forensic science. Those interested in leadership roles might explore what are the easiest organizational leadership degrees to find accessible programs that fit their career goals. Similarly, those looking to enter healthcare counseling may ask, "How do I become a family counselor?" This field requires specific educational credentials, licensing, and supervised experience, depending on the state.

Additionally, students researching advanced healthcare degrees might be interested in the easiest pharmacy schools to get into or finding the easiest online Master of Science in Nursing program that suits their needs. These options provide accessible pathways to professional growth while maintaining flexibility for working students.

How does the nurse practitioner curriculum affect program length?

The nurse practitioner curriculum plays a significant role in determining the length of the program, as it includes both didactic coursework and clinical training. The curriculum is designed to provide comprehensive education, covering advanced clinical skills, diagnostic reasoning, pharmacology, and specialized areas such as family practice, pediatrics, or acute care. The complexity and depth of the curriculum can affect how long it takes to complete the program, with more extensive curricula or specialized tracks typically extending the duration.

For example, programs that offer additional certifications or specialties, such as psychiatric-mental health or neonatal care, may require additional coursework and clinical hours, thus lengthening the time to graduation. Conversely, 12 month nurse practitioner programs with a more focused curriculum may shorten the program length by condensing coursework and clinical experiences. Ultimately, the balance between in-depth education and the number of specialized tracks available within the NP curriculum plays a crucial role in how long it takes to complete the program.

How long are online nurse practitioner programs compared to on-campus ones?

Online nurse practitioner programs typically have a similar duration to on-campus programs, with most full-time students completing them in 2-4 years, depending on the type of program. The overall length remains consistent whether the program is offered online or on-campus, with both formats requiring a combination of coursework and clinical training. Online programs, however, offer more flexibility in scheduling, allowing students to complete the majority of their coursework at their own pace, which can be especially beneficial for working professionals.

For students looking for easier admission options, some may seek out the easiest NP schools to get into, which can provide a less competitive entry process. However, these programs still maintain rigorous educational standards and require the same clinical hours as on-campus counterparts, which may need to be completed in person at an approved healthcare facility. While on-campus programs may have more structured timelines for clinical rotations, both options offer high-quality education, and the choice between them ultimately depends on personal preferences and the ability to balance other commitments. 

How does full-time enrollment impact the duration of nurse practitioner education?

Full-time enrollment allows students to complete nurse practitioner school in a shorter time frame compared to part-time options. For instance, a BSN-to-MSN program typically takes 2-3 years full-time, while a part-time schedule may extend it to 3-4 years. Similarly, a full-time BSN-to-DNP program is usually completed in 3-4 years, compared to 5-6 years for part-time students. Full-time students progress through coursework and clinical rotations more quickly, enabling them to enter advanced practice roles sooner.

While this accelerated timeline is beneficial for those eager to advance their careers, full-time enrollment demands a significant time commitment. For those looking for a quicker path, some may opt for the easiest DNP programs, which streamline the process to reduce the length of time required. However, these programs still require dedication and may limit opportunities to work or balance personal responsibilities. Below are the typical pros and cons of full-time NP program enrollment:

Pros

• Faster completion, allowing students to begin their NP careers sooner.
• Greater focus on studies without prolonged interruptions or delays.
• Access to job opportunities and career advancement earlier.

Cons

• Intense workload with limited time for employment or personal responsibilities.
• Higher stress levels due to demanding schedules and rigorous training.
• May not be feasible for those with significant financial or family obligations.

Full-time enrollment is ideal for those who can fully dedicate their time to education and are eager to expedite their transition to advanced nursing practice. In 2022, around 530,290 students were enrolled in nursing programs, ranging from entry-level baccalaureate to DNP programs, with a significant percentage studying full-time according to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). This pathway allows students to complete their education more quickly, entering the workforce and advancing their careers sooner.

What are accelerated nurse practitioner programs and how long do they take?

Accelerated nurse practitioner programs are designed for individuals with a bachelor’s degree in a non-nursing field who want to transition into nursing and become nurse practitioners quickly. These programs combine the education required to become a registered nurse with advanced NP training, allowing students to earn both nursing credentials and an NP degree in a condensed timeline. The curriculum is intense and fast-paced, covering both foundational nursing knowledge and specialized advanced practice skills.

Typically, accelerated NP programs take 3-4 years to complete, depending on the student's prior academic background. The first part of the program focuses on nursing fundamentals, preparing students for the NCLEX-RN exam to become RNs. Once students are licensed as RNs, they continue with advanced coursework and clinical training to specialize in an NP role, such as family practice or acute care. These fast track degree programs are ideal for individuals looking to quickly enter the nursing profession and advance to an NP role without taking the traditional, longer route.

How does the length of nurse practitioner school affect overall tuition costs?

The length of nurse practitioner school has a direct impact on overall tuition costs. Longer programs generally require more credit hours, which leads to higher tuition fees. In addition to tuition, longer programs may incur extra costs related to extended enrollment, such as fees for clinical placements, additional textbooks, and other academic expenses. Students in longer programs may also spend more on living expenses and part-time work opportunities, which can add up over time.

Here’s how the length of NP programs can affect tuition costs:

• Longer Programs Lead to Higher Tuition: Extended programs require more credit hours, increasing the overall cost of tuition.
• Increased Fees and Additional Costs: Longer programs may require extra fees for clinical placements, lab materials, and special courses, adding to the total expense.
• Extended Time in School: The longer the program, the more students may pay for living expenses or incur opportunity costs if they’re unable to work full-time.
• Accelerated Programs May Save Money: While accelerated NP programs often have a higher intensity, they are shorter, which can result in lower overall tuition costs compared to longer programs.

Ultimately, the duration of the program plays a significant role in determining the overall cost of becoming a nurse practitioner.

Are RN-to-NP Bridge Programs an Effective Accelerated Pathway?

RN-to-NP bridge programs leverage registered nurses’ hands-on experience to expedite the transition into advanced practice. By integrating prerequisite coursework with targeted clinical training, these programs streamline academic requirements while emphasizing specialized NP competencies. Candidates benefit from curricula designed to build upon proven clinical skills and accelerate readiness for higher-level responsibilities. For additional insights on structured pathways that combine practical expertise with advanced education, explore RN to nurse practitioner programs.

Are accelerated online nurse practitioner programs a reliable option?

Accelerated online nurse practitioner programs combine flexible scheduling with an intensive curriculum designed to meet established accreditation standards. These programs maintain rigorous academic and clinical training through innovative learning methods and structured partnerships with healthcare facilities. Prospective students should assess program outcomes, faculty expertise, and clinical placement opportunities to ensure that their choice aligns with both career objectives and professional requirements. For comparative insights on expedited options, explore the shortest online nurse practitioner program.

Can online programs without clinicals expedite the journey to becoming a nurse practitioner?

Innovative academic tracks now offer alternatives that reduce on-site clinical commitments, potentially streamlining the educational pathway. For instance, programs like RN to BSN online with no clinicals utilize digital coursework and simulation-based training to cover key theoretical components. These models provide flexibility for working professionals, focus on enhancing analytical and management skills, and may allow for accelerated progression—provided that graduates meet all state regulatory requirements for practice.

Is the nurse practitioner program accredited and aligned with industry standards?

Accredited programs are essential for ensuring that the curriculum meets established quality benchmarks and adequately prepares graduates for licensure exams and clinical practice. When evaluating a program, verify that it holds recognition from relevant accrediting bodies and adheres to current industry standards, which reinforces both educational rigor and professional credibility. This due diligence also helps identify cost-effective alternatives, such as affordable RN to BSN programs, that offer a balanced approach to quality education and financial efficiency.

How does program duration impact the licensure process for nurse practitioners?

The duration of a nurse practitioner program can influence the licensure process in several ways. Longer programs typically provide more in-depth education, which may better prepare graduates for licensure exams and clinical practice. However, the time spent in nurse practitioner school doesn’t directly impact the licensure requirements; rather, it affects when students can complete the necessary steps to obtain their NP certification and licensure. Shorter, accelerated programs enable students to enter the workforce and begin the licensure process more quickly, which can be appealing to those eager to start their careers.

Here’s how program duration can impact the NP licensure process:

• Shorter Programs Lead to Faster Licensure: Accelerated programs allow graduates to complete their education and begin the licensure process sooner, entering the workforce more quickly.
• Longer Programs Provide Comprehensive Preparation: Extended programs may offer more time for hands-on training and clinical hours, which could enhance preparation for licensure exams.
• Delayed Entry into the Workforce: Longer programs delay the time it takes to obtain licensure, meaning students will enter the job market later compared to those in accelerated programs.
• No Direct Impact on Licensure Requirements: Regardless of program length, all NP graduates must pass national certification exams and meet state-specific licensing requirements to become licensed nurse practitioners.

In summary, while program duration affects the timeline of the licensure process, the core requirements for becoming a licensed NP remain consistent across all programs.

Does the length of nurse practitioner school affect career opportunities?

The length of a nurse practitioner program can influence career opportunities, but not necessarily in terms of the types of roles available. Generally, all NP graduates, regardless of program duration, are qualified to pursue a wide range of career opportunities. However, the duration of the program can impact the timing of when a graduate enters the workforce. Accelerated programs, such as the shortest MSN to DNP program, allow students to start working sooner, which can be advantageous in a rapidly growing field. Conversely, longer programs might offer more in-depth training, potentially leading to more specialized roles or increased competitiveness in certain healthcare settings.

While the majority of NPs (around 137,000) were employed in offices of physicians in 2023, other major employment opportunities include outpatient care centers, general medical and surgical hospitals, offices of other health practitioners, and psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals. Longer or more specialized programs may prepare graduates for roles in these varied settings, particularly in specialized fields like mental health or surgical care. Ultimately, the length of the NP program has a greater impact on the time to enter the workforce and the depth of preparation for specific specialties, rather than limiting career opportunities in the NP field.

Can working as an RN reduce nurse practitioner school time?

Working as a registered nurse can potentially reduce the time spent in nurse practitioner school, particularly for those pursuing advanced education through an RN-to-NP pathway. RNs bring practical, hands-on experience in patient care, which can shorten the learning curve during clinical rotations and advanced coursework. Additionally, their clinical skills and knowledge of healthcare settings may allow them to move through certain sections of the curriculum more quickly, especially in programs that integrate both nursing and NP training.

However, the reduction in time depends on the type of NP program and the RN’s previous education. For example, RN-to-NP programs without a BSN require completing both undergraduate and graduate-level coursework, while BSN-prepared RNs may enter directly into graduate-level NP training. While work experience as an RN doesn't directly shorten the overall length of the program, it can enhance clinical competence and help students focus on advanced practice topics rather than foundational nursing principles.

What career placement support is available through nurse practitioner programs?

Nurse practitioner programs increasingly integrate structured career placement services that go beyond classroom instruction. Many institutions offer dedicated career centers that provide personalized counseling, resume refinement, and interview preparation tailored to advanced practice roles. Additionally, partnerships with local healthcare organizations and professional networking events help students build connections prior to graduation. Some programs also facilitate internship and externship placements, ensuring that practical experiences translate to smoother transitions into the workforce. Prospective students should evaluate each program’s placement record and post-graduation support, especially if considering alternatives like easy RN to BSN online programs, which can offer flexible entry pathways into nursing careers.

Here’s What Graduates Have to Say About Their Nurse Practioner School

• Completing my nurse practitioner program in two years was intense, but the accelerated timeline allowed me to advance my career and make a difference in patient care sooner. The supportive faculty and structured curriculum made the rigorous schedule manageable and incredibly rewarding. Max
• Balancing work and my nurse practitioner studies took four years part-time, but the extended duration allowed me to apply what I learned in real-time at my job. This hands-on experience enriched my education and boosted my confidence throughout the program. Annie
• Enrolling in a three-year on-campus nurse practitioner program provided a comprehensive learning environment and valuable networking opportunities with peers and mentors. Although it was a long journey, the in-depth training and strong community support made every semester worthwhile. Xavier

How does NP specialization influence starting salaries and long-term earnings?

Specializing in a specific area of nurse practice can lead to differentiation in compensation structures and career progression. Focused tracks, such as in psychiatric nursing, often command premium starting salaries and may offer accelerated opportunities for advancement when combined with targeted clinical expertise. Data indicates that niche areas tend to reflect both regional demand and specialized skill requirements. For detailed state-specific insights on compensation trends, particularly for psychiatric nurse practitioners, refer to PMHNP starting salary. This evidence-based approach assists prospective students and professionals in aligning their educational investments with long-term financial growth and market demand.

What factors should I consider when choosing a nurse practitioner program?

When evaluating nurse practitioner programs, consider accreditation, admissions prerequisites, and the curriculum’s focus on advanced clinical skills. Assess whether the program offers robust clinical placement support and strong partnerships with healthcare facilities. Factor in flexibility by reviewing options for full-time, part-time, or accelerated pathways that suit your professional commitments and long-term career goals. Additionally, examine graduate success rates and post-graduation support services to ensure the program aligns with industry standards. For instance, exploring pathways like the 6-month RN to BSN program online can provide a streamlined entry into advanced education without compromising quality.

How can I reduce the overall costs of nurse practitioner education?

Prospective students may lower expenses by identifying programs that combine robust education with transparent fee structures and available financial aid options. Consider exploring cheap online psychiatric nurse practitioner programs as part of a cost-saving strategy. Evaluate accelerated pathways and online formats that reduce commuting and on-campus fees while maintaining rigorous accreditation standards. Additionally, review available scholarships, employer tuition reimbursements, and grants offered by institutions to minimize debt and achieve a favorable return on your educational investment.

Key Findings

• The time it takes to complete nurse practitioner school ranges from one to eight years.
• Employment for nurse practitioners is projected to increase by 46% between 2023 and 2033, making it one of the fastest-growing professions.
• The median annual salary for nurse practitioners in 2023 was $129,480.
• The number of licensed nurse practitioners increased by 8.5%, growing from 355,000 in 2022 to 385,000 in 2023.
• In 2022, more than 41,000 students were enrolled in DNP programs.

Other Things You Should Know About Nurse Practitioner School

How many years is nurse practitioner school?

Overall, becoming a nurse practitioner typically requires six to eight years of education, including undergraduate and graduate studies. The exact duration depends on your prior qualifications and the specific NP program you choose. For example, if you already hold a BSN, you can pursue an MSN or DNP program, which usually takes two to three years to complete. If you have a non-nursing bachelor's degree, you may need to complete additional coursework to earn a BSN before advancing to graduate studies, extending the total time required.

Is NP school harder than nursing school?

The difficulty of nurse practitioner school compared to nursing school varies among individuals. Some students find NP programs more challenging due to advanced concepts and increased responsibilities, while others feel that NP school is less demanding than their undergraduate nursing studies. For instance, one might claim that NP school is easier than nursing school, while another may find it much harder, but more enjoyable. Ultimately, the perceived difficulty depends on personal strengths, prior experience, and the specific demands of the program.

Is a nurse practitioner basically a doctor?

While nurse practitioners and doctors share some responsibilities, they are distinct professions with different education and training paths. Doctors complete four years of medical school followed by three to seven years of residency training, totaling approximately 11 to 15 years of education and training. In contrast, NPs typically complete six to eight years of education, including undergraduate and graduate studies. NPs can diagnose and treat acute conditions, order diagnostic tests, manage patient care, and prescribe medications, but they do not perform surgeries or have the same scope of practice as physicians.

References:

• AANP News. (2023, November 13). Nurse practitioner profession grows to 385,000 strong. American Association of Nurse Practitioners. Retrieved December 26, 2024.
• Bowman, R. (2021, July 26). The real crisis facing health professionals is too many graduating and worse to come. LinkedIn. Retrieved December 26, 202.
• Hanson, M. (2024, November 23). Average cost of a master's degree. Education Data Initiative. Retrieved December 26, 2024.
• HRSA. (2024, March). Nursing education and training: Data from the 2022 NSSRN. Bureau of Health Workforce - Health Resources and Services Administration. Retrieved December 26, 2024.
• U.S. BLS. (2024, August 29). Nurse Anesthetists, nurse midwives, and nurse practitioners. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved December 26, 2024.
• U.S. BLS. (2024, April 3). Occupational employment and wages, May 2023: 29-1171 nurse practitioners. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved December 26, 2024.