Philosophy Degree for 2025: Requirements, Cost, Career & Salary

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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Despite the ever-shifting tides of modernity, philosophy degrees retain an exceptional standing among higher education credentials. In a tech-dominated society, philosophy can provide answers to existential questions about right and wrong, the meaning of life, and human nature. A philosophy degree also encourages students to think critically and systematically while honing their communication and writing skills.

Because of the transferable skills philosophy students learn, they’re prepared for many professional occupations upon graduation. These careers include law, journalism, teaching, and project management.

This article aims to further establish the relevance of philosophy and help interested students find an answer to the pressing questions, what can you do with a philosophy degree, and what career opportunities are waiting for them as graduates. This post also hopes to inform students about the basic and common philosophy degree admission requirements.

Philosophy Degree Table of Contents

• What is Philosophy?
• What Are the Requirements to Study Philosophy?
• How Much Does it Cost to Study Philosophy?
• How Long Does It Take to Complete Philosophy Programs?
• What Are the Top Universities for Studying Philosophy?
• What Are the Potential Careers for Philosophy Graduates?
• How Much Do Philosophy Graduates Earn?
• Which Famous People Studied Philosophy?
• The Growing Trend of Online Philosophy Degrees
• How can you make the most of a philosophy degree in today's job market?
• Expanding Your Pathways with Interdisciplinary Studies
• Can a Philosophy Degree Foster Advanced Leadership Qualities?
• Can a Philosophy Degree Bridge to a Career in Library Science?
• Is Pursuing an Advanced Doctorate a Strategic Move for Philosophy Graduates?
• What Obstacles Might Philosophy Graduates Face and How Can They Overcome Them?
• Can a Philosophy Degree Propel a Career in Public Relations?
• What Financial Aid Options Are Available to Support a Philosophy Degree?

What is Philosophy?

Students contemplating taking a philosophy degree first need to understand what philosophy is. From a layman’s point of view, philosophy is often simply seen as the study of the nature and essence of existence. Many people think that those who study philosophy deal with matters that can be considered out of this world and often are debating with one another over different ideologies.

While these conceptions are not totally wrong, philosophy reaches deeper than such common understanding. After all, it is an interdisciplinary subject that can be leveraged in various industries and applications.

Philosophy is derived from the Greek words “phylos" and “sophie," giving it the literal meaning “love of wisdom." Taking from this, studying philosophy deals with examining knowledge and ethics, and finding the truth behind concepts that define our existence. Philosophy encourages asking and eventually, answering questions about ideas and events that shape the development of people and the world.

As philosophy promotes critical thinking and reasoning, it helps hone one’s ability to develop coherent and effective arguments. It also improves an individual’s ability to apply logic in different situations and tasks, from writing to debate and public speaking. More than any other subject, philosophy digs deeper into the core of society and tradition (University of Kentucky, n.d.).

Philosophers are expected to become active participants in crucial debates on policy issues. They are also often found working with community groups, policymakers, government agencies, engineers, and scientists. To fulfill their purpose of extending and sharing knowledge, philosophers go out into the field (Frodeman, 2010 cited in Frodeman, 2013).

By laying down a solid foundation in intellectual rationalization, philosophy helps prepare students for further education and professional programs, such as law and doctorate degrees. It also provides students with the fundamentals that can help them achieve success in the fields of writing, teaching, public service, governance, and business.

What Are the Requirements to Study Philosophy?

Philosophy courses are offered in most universities so admission requirements vary from institution to institution. In general, however, a student would need a high school diploma to enter an undergraduate philosophy degree. Students should also meet other minimum high school course requirements, such as passing marks in English and natural science subjects.

For instance, students who wish to enter a philosophy undergraduate program at the University of Iowa must meet the Regent Admission Index score requirement, which is 245 or higher for Iowa residents and at least 255 for out-of-state students. Applicants should also have passed the following classes:

1. English or language arts
2. Natural science subjects (environmental science, physical science, chemistry, biology, or physics)
3. Social studies
4. Algebra
5. Geometry

Furthermore, for students who do not come from high-ranking schools and were homeschooled, the admission board will base their decision on the applicants’ GPA and ACT/SAT scores. Meanwhile, students who took the High School Equivalency Test (HiSET) need to have a minimum score of 15 each in Reading, Writing, Mathematics, Social Studies, and Science; and a total score of at least 75.

Other schools, such as the University of Illinois Springfield, may have additional requirements, such as a sample writing and statement of purpose. Students should also prepare up to three reference letters that will validate their academic success and potential for pursuing a philosophy degree.

How Much Does it Cost to Study Philosophy?

One of the factors that incoming higher learning students consider is the cost of studying a course. According to the latest data collated by Data USA, the median annual in-state tuition for philosophy degrees in U.S. public institutions is $7,201. This is set to grow at a rate of 4.14% annually. Meanwhile, the average yearly out-of-state tuition in private institutions is $36,400, with a growth rate of 3.37%.

In 2017, the average yearly tuition cost of studying philosophy at the University of California Los Angeles, Berkeley, and Santa Barbara campuses was $11,502 for in-state students and $39,516 for out-of-state students. Meanwhile, Boston College had the same tuition cost for all students, which was $52,500 per annum. Studying philosophy at Columbia University, on the other hand, costs an average of $48,989 yearly for both in-state and out-of-state students.

For 2020, Eastern Michigan University is considered to be the most cost-efficient U.S. institution for studying philosophy. The average annual cost to study philosophy here is only $15,687. The university offers solid programs for both undergraduate and graduate philosophy courses.

How Long Does It Take to Complete Philosophy Programs?

Another consideration incoming college students often have when choosing a degree is the time it takes to finish a program. Ideally, a bachelor’s degree in philosophy can be finished within four years if the student does not skip any semester. Meanwhile, a master’s degree can be completed after two years. A doctorate in philosophy, on the other hand, takes longer than the two previous levels to finish at six to eight years.

However, the duration will largely depend on the availability and ability of the student to complete their coursework. Moreover, some students may take longer to finish a course due to different reasons.

What Are the Top Universities for Studying Philosophy?

Since many students wonder, “Does it matter what college you go to?" it’s not surprising that many students looking to take a philosophy degree want to know which institutions can provide them with the best quality education. After all, philosophy degrees generally revolve around intellectual learning.

Based on the latest QS World University Rankings, the top institutions for studying philosophy are in the Western Hemisphere. Half of the top 10 is in the U.K., but the top 3 institutions are in the U.S., namely New York University, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, and University of Pittsburgh. This may be attributed to the sufficient U.S. university funding for philosophy, which “does not appear to be in decline…there even appears to be a slight increase in the number of faculty positions in philosophy (Frodeman, 2013)."

As of 2020, the top university for philosophy is the New York University. Located in New York City, the university offers undergraduate and graduate programs. For the undergrad program, the university offers philosophy as a major, as well as a joint major with language and mind. Students can also select philosophy as a minor. Interested students can also register for an independent philosophy study course, as long as approved by a faculty member who will serve as the student’s adviser.

Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, also offers both undergrad and graduate philosophy courses. Many of its students are double majors who find philosophy and another discipline, such as biology or psychology, mutually beneficial and engaging.

The University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania, on the other hand, offers philosophy as a standard major, intensive major, or minor, as well as part of a double major or joint major. The university also offers MA in philosophy and PhD programs.

What Are the Potential Careers for Philosophy Graduates?

In modern times, being a philosopher is not exactly a profession one could apply to. As Frunza (2009) put it, “unlike religion, philosophy did not manage to find a proper place in the public space. It did not manage to escape from the burden of its association with atheistic education or with the ideology of scientific socialism, nor did it manage to recover the philosophical tradition as a living element, which plays a formative role in the education of young people in the present social conditions." This is why many tend to ask what to do with a philosophy degree.

Philosophy teaches and trains students on how to analyze information, knowledge, and situations so they can, in turn, communicate ideas concisely and logically. As a result, philosophy graduates are armed with skills that will prove useful in the world of work. If you look carefully, these skills also can also be found in journalist education requirements.

Furthermore, philosophy is considered the ultimate transferable skill, which means that it can be helpful and relevant across various areas of life and career. Because of this, there is a wide range of career options available to philosophy graduates.

The industries that employ the most philosophy graduates include education, law, public relations, communications, library science career paths, civil service, business, human resources, and science (Times Higher Education, n.d.). Meanwhile, the most common jobs for philosophy graduates are as follows:

Clergy Professional

Clergy professionals work in spiritual and religious organizations. They are often involved in the performance of ceremonies such as weddings, baptisms, and worship. They promote spirituality and encourage people to take on new beliefs and ideologies.

Like many graduates of theology degrees, philosophy graduates do well in this line of work as they are able to convey messages in an impressive and engaging manner. The median annual salary of clergy professionals is $53,382.

Philosophy Professor

It is common for philosophy graduates to turn to the academe for a stable career. Philosophy professors, in general, teach subjects under a philosophy course. They may also develop curriculum and lesson plans. They also assist students with research and related projects.

Before one becomes a philosophy professor, they need to be a higher education graduate, ideally a PhD. There are also institutions that require applicants to have teaching certification and experience. The median annual salary of philosophy professors in the U.S. is $103,884.

Lawyer

Undergraduate or graduate philosophy degree holders can choose to pursue a Juris Doctor (JD) degree and eventually become lawyers. As mentioned above, a philosophy course prepares students for the demands of law school and career thereafter.

Besides passing a JD degree, an aspiring lawyer also needs to pass the state bar exam, as well as physical and character assessments. The annual median salary of lawyers in the U.S. is $93,000.

Paralegal

Another philosophy career option in the legal industry, a paralegal job is necessary for ensuring that lawyers do not miss any important tasks. Essentially, paralegals pick up the slack when lawyers are unable to take on tasks such as the preparation of legal briefs, researching cases, and organization of documents.

Working as a paralegal is a good source of training and experience for philosophy graduates who want to pursue a lifelong career in the legal industry, such as becoming a lawyer. The median annual salary of paralegals in the U.S. is $50,979. Aspirants can enroll in online paralegal schools before entering this line of work.

How Much Do Philosophy Graduates Earn?

The income range of philosophy graduates widely varies depending on their education level, work experience, job position, and the industry they happen to be in. However, according to the Wall Street Journal, the mid-career average annual wage of philosophy and religious studies graduates in the workforce is $81,200.

This amount is almost on par with the median salaries of those who majored in finance ($72,000) and civil engineering ($70,946). Meanwhile,  it is higher compared to the mid-career median salaries of graduates from other liberal arts programs such as Journalism ($49,457), History ($61,359 ), Communications ($68,732), Political Science ($74,497) and English ($56,038).

Famous People Who Studied Philosophy

It is not surprising to find that there are many successful and famous philosophy majors. After all, it takes great and deep intellect to take an interest in and finish a philosophy degree; and intelligence is almost always a part of the success equation.

Among the famous people who studied philosophy was Italian novelist Umberto Eco. In fact, he is also known as a philosopher. He took up medieval philosophy at the University of Turin where he wrote a thesis on Thomas Aquinas.

PayPal co-founder, Peter Thiel, graduated from Stanford University with a philosophy degree. Another Stanford philosophy graduate is Carly Fiorina, the former CEO of Hewlett-Packard Company. Overstock.com CEO and founder Patrick Byrne also got his PhD from Stanford.

Stewart Butterfield, who co-founded Flickr and serves as CEO for Slack, holds both a bachelor’s and master’s degree in philosophy. Famous and controversial comedian Ricky Gervais also majored in philosophy during his undergraduate program at the University College London.

The Growing Trend of Online Philosophy Degrees

In recent years, online education has expanded across various disciplines, and philosophy is no exception. Online philosophy degree programs provide students with the opportunity to engage in intellectual exploration and develop critical thinking skills without the constraints of a physical classroom. These programs are particularly appealing to working professionals, parents, and anyone seeking flexible learning opportunities.

Advantages of Online Philosophy Degrees

• Flexibility in Learning. Online programs allow students to study at their own pace, making it easier to balance education with work, family, or other commitments. Many programs offer asynchronous classes, enabling learners to complete coursework on their schedule.
• Cost-Effectiveness. Online philosophy programs often have lower tuition fees compared to traditional programs. Additionally, students save on expenses such as commuting, housing, and campus fees, making them a more affordable option for higher education.
• Accessibility. Students can access top-tier philosophy programs from anywhere in the world. This accessibility is ideal for those living in rural areas or regions without reputable philosophy departments.
• Technological Integration. Online philosophy programs leverage advanced learning platforms and discussion forums to encourage thoughtful debate and engagement. Tools such as video conferencing and collaborative projects provide students with interactive learning experiences.

Choosing the Right Online Philosophy Program

When selecting an online philosophy degree program, it’s essential to consider factors like accreditation, faculty expertise, and curriculum design. For those seeking expedited options, consider exploring easy masters degrees, which often include online philosophy programs tailored for efficiency and accessibility.

How can you make the most of a philosophy degree in today's job market?

A philosophy degree offers a unique blend of critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills that are highly valued across many industries. However, graduates may need to strategically translate these skills into job opportunities in today's competitive market. Philosophy graduates can apply their analytical abilities and in-depth understanding of ethics, logic, and human behavior to a wide range of fields, including law, business, education, government, and the nonprofit sector. For example, those interested in law may pursue further studies to become lawyers or work in policy analysis, while others might engage in business strategy, marketing, or human resources, where critical thinking and ethical decision-making are essential.

In addition to traditional roles, the growing demand for ethical leadership and decision-making in sectors like technology, finance, and healthcare presents unique opportunities for philosophy graduates. With the rise of digital transformation, philosophical training in ethics is particularly valuable when considering privacy issues, artificial intelligence, and corporate responsibility. By pursuing additional certifications or gaining expertise in emerging fields, philosophy graduates can position themselves as highly sought-after professionals in a variety of industries.

Moreover, for those seeking affordability while continuing their education, there are options for earning a philosophy degree online at a lower cost. Many online colleges offer programs with flexible scheduling and lower tuition fees, which can be particularly beneficial for working professionals or those looking to save on education costs. If you're looking to pursue an affordable online philosophy degree, consider exploring the cheapest online college bachelor degrees, which provide high-quality education at competitive rates. By doing so, you can gain the necessary credentials to embark on a rewarding career while managing costs effectively.

Expanding Your Pathways with Interdisciplinary Studies

In an ever-evolving professional landscape, interdisciplinary education is becoming pivotal in enhancing employability and expanding career prospects. Combining philosophy with complementary fields of study enables students to apply philosophical reasoning in practical contexts that align with modern workforce demands. Popular combinations include philosophy with psychology, business, or counseling, each presenting unique opportunities for intellectual and career growth.

For instance, philosophy and psychology can converge to produce a deeper understanding of human behavior, which is particularly beneficial in roles such as behavioral analysts or organizational consultants. Similarly, pairing philosophy with business can empower professionals to tackle ethical challenges in corporate governance, artificial intelligence, or sustainability initiatives.

An intriguing avenue for philosophy graduates is counseling, where philosophical training in ethics and human thought is invaluable in addressing clients' emotional or existential dilemmas. Those interested in affordable options for career advancement in this domain can explore CACREP accredited online masters counseling programs, which provide in-depth knowledge and flexible pathways to excel in the counseling profession.

By broadening the scope of their education through interdisciplinary studies, philosophy students can amplify their skill sets and position themselves as adaptable professionals capable of navigating complex, multifaceted roles across industries.

Is a Philosophy Degree Right for You?

Philosophy degrees encourage students to ask big, purposeful questions. It makes one explore the value of life in general, and discover the concealed basis of morality. It pushes an individual to dig into the true nature of the world and the people in it.

It is inevitable that one may ask, what is the use of philosophy when “hard" science can already answer many of the questions people have about life? However, this is where philosophy exactly comes in. Often, hard science answers the hows and the whats, but not the whys. It does not go beyond what the evidence and data show. Philosophy, on the other hand, challenges the status quo to help people realize and dissect the complexity of life.

For those who want to take on the challenge of consistently exhausting ideas and building new ones, philosophy might just offer the thrill and fulfillment they are looking for.

Can a Philosophy Degree Foster Advanced Leadership Qualities?

Philosophy graduates leverage their rigorous analytical skills and ethical reasoning to navigate complex organizational challenges, making them strong candidates for leadership roles. Their capacity to synthesize diverse perspectives enables them to drive strategic initiatives and foster innovative problem-solving within teams. Pursuing higher-level qualifications, such as a PhD in leadership and management online, further enhances these competencies by providing an academic framework in contemporary leadership practices and management strategies. This integration of philosophical inquiry with leadership methodologies equips graduates with the credentials and practical insights required to excel in evolving business environments.

Can a Philosophy Degree Bridge to a Career in Library Science?

A philosophy degree develops analytical reasoning, ethical judgment, and critical interpretation—essential skills for library science professionals tasked with managing, organizing, and curating information. Graduates can leverage their capacity for systematic inquiry and data evaluation in academic, public, or digital library settings. By supplementing their background with targeted studies in information management, philosophy graduates can enhance their competitiveness and adaptability in library-related roles. For a streamlined transition into the field, consider exploring cheapest MLIS online programs that offer a practical balance between cost efficiency and academic excellence.

Is Pursuing an Advanced Doctorate a Strategic Move for Philosophy Graduates?

An advanced doctorate offers a pathway to specialized research roles, academic leadership, and policy influence that extend beyond conventional career options. Philosophy graduates aiming to engage in in‐depth inquiry or assume administrative responsibilities in higher education may find that pursuing a doctorate provides both a competitive edge and a platform for innovation. Evaluating program rigor, faculty expertise, and curriculum focus is vital to ensure that doctoral studies align with one’s long‐term professional goals. Additionally, candidates can benefit from flexible online formats such as PhD higher education online, which integrate theoretical insight with practical application to address contemporary challenges in academia and beyond.

What Obstacles Might Philosophy Graduates Face and How Can They Overcome Them?

Many philosophy graduates may encounter skepticism regarding the practical applicability of their degree, especially when employers favor candidates with explicitly technical or industry-specific skills. Translating abstract reasoning into marketable competencies is a common challenge that can be addressed through strategic upskilling. Graduates are advised to pursue targeted certifications and specialized training that concretely demonstrate their aptitude in areas such as data analysis, ethics in technology, or policy evaluation. Proactive networking, mentorship, and participation in professional organizations can further bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and industry demands. Additionally, exploring advanced educational opportunities—such as the cheapest doctorate in educational leadership online—can bolster a candidate’s profile by emphasizing commitment to leadership and continual growth.

What Additional Certifications Can Bolster Your Philosophy Degree?

Integrating focused certifications with a philosophy background can bridge the gap between abstract reasoning and practical application. For instance, pursuing a christian counseling degree online equips graduates with targeted skills in ethical leadership, community counseling, and conflict resolution. This specialized training supports the application of philosophical principles in dynamic real-world contexts, enhancing career prospects in areas that value both critical thinking and interpersonal engagement.

Can a Philosophy Degree Propel a Career in Public Relations?

Philosophy graduates bring analytical rigor and persuasive communication skills that are essential for success in public relations. Their expertise in constructing sound arguments and evaluating complex scenarios enables them to develop strategic narratives and manage reputational risks effectively. Integrating philosophical insights with specialized training in communications can further refine a graduate’s ability to anticipate audience responses and shape public opinion. Pursuing a complementary public relation degree helps bridge abstract analysis with tactical media engagement, equipping professionals to tackle dynamic challenges in a competitive market.

What Financial Aid Options Are Available to Support a Philosophy Degree?

Financial support for philosophy studies can come from a variety of sources tailored to ease tuition costs and living expenses during your academic journey. Students can explore merit-based scholarships and need-based grants offered by both institutions and external organizations. Federal aid programs and work-study opportunities further support those seeking to balance academic commitments alongside financial responsibilities. In some cases, accelerated or alternative degree pathways—such as the cheapest Ed.D online program—offer a cost-effective option for advancing your education. Engaging with an institution’s financial aid office is essential to navigate available options and identify programs that best match your eligibility and long-term career goals.

Key Insights

• Critical Thinking and Communication: A philosophy degree develops strong critical thinking and communication skills, essential for various professional fields such as law, journalism, teaching, and management.
• Interdisciplinary Applications: Philosophy's interdisciplinary nature allows graduates to excel in multiple industries, including education, law, public relations, communications, business, and civil service.
• Educational Requirements: Admission to philosophy programs generally requires a high school diploma, with specific courses and standardized test scores varying by institution. Advanced degrees require exemplary undergraduate performance and sometimes additional prerequisites.
• Cost and Duration: The cost of studying philosophy varies significantly between public and private institutions, with average annual in-state tuition for public institutions at $7,201 and private institutions at $36,400. A bachelor's degree typically takes four years, a master's degree two years, and a doctorate six to eight years.
• Top Universities: Leading institutions for philosophy include New York University, Rutgers University, and the University of Pittsburgh in the U.S., providing top-quality education and diverse program options.
• Career Versatility: Philosophy graduates have versatile career options, with potential roles in academia, law, public service, and various other fields. The skills acquired through a philosophy degree are highly transferable and valued across many professions.
• Earning Potential: Philosophy graduates have competitive salaries, with mid-career professionals earning an average annual wage of $81,200, comparable to those in finance and civil engineering.
• Famous Alumni: Notable philosophy graduates include novelist Umberto Eco, PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel, former HP CEO Carly Fiorina, and comedian Ricky Gervais, illustrating the diverse paths philosophy majors can pursue.

FAQ

1. What is a philosophy degree? A philosophy degree focuses on the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, ethics, and reasoning. It involves critical analysis of texts, development of logical arguments, and exploration of various philosophical theories and concepts.
2. What are the requirements to study philosophy? Generally, a high school diploma is required for undergraduate programs, along with passing marks in English and natural sciences. Some institutions may also require standardized test scores (ACT/SAT), writing samples, statements of purpose, and letters of recommendation.
3. How much does it cost to study philosophy? The cost varies depending on the institution and residency status. The median annual in-state tuition for public institutions is $7,201, while out-of-state tuition at private institutions averages $36,400. Additional expenses include room and board, textbooks, and personal costs.
4. How long does it take to complete a philosophy degree? A bachelor's degree typically takes four years to complete, a master's degree two years, and a doctorate six to eight years. The duration can vary based on the student's pace and program requirements.
5. What are the top universities for studying philosophy? Leading institutions include New York University, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, and the University of Pittsburgh in the U.S. These universities offer robust undergraduate and graduate programs in philosophy.
6. What are the potential careers for philosophy graduates? Philosophy graduates can pursue careers in academia as professors, in law as lawyers or paralegals, in public relations, communications, business, human resources, and public service. The skills acquired through philosophy are highly transferable to various fields.
7. How much do philosophy graduates earn? The mid-career average annual wage for philosophy graduates is $81,200. This figure is comparable to the earnings of graduates in finance and civil engineering and higher than those in other liberal arts fields such as journalism and history.
8. Which famous people studied philosophy? Notable philosophy graduates include Umberto Eco, Peter Thiel, Carly Fiorina, Patrick Byrne, Stewart Butterfield, and Ricky Gervais. These individuals have succeeded in diverse fields, demonstrating the versatility of a philosophy degree.
9. Why should someone study philosophy? Studying philosophy develops critical thinking, problem-solving, and effective communication skills. It encourages exploration of fundamental questions about life, ethics, and human nature, preparing students for various professional paths and contributing to their personal growth.
10. Is a philosophy degree relevant in today's job market? Yes, a philosophy degree is relevant as it equips graduates with essential skills such as critical thinking, logical reasoning, and effective communication. These skills are valued in many industries, including law, education, business, and public service, making philosophy graduates versatile and employable.

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