How to Become a Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) in Richmond, VA: License Requirements & Salary for 2025

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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Becoming a marriage and family therapist (MFT) in Richmond, VA, offers a promising career path for those interested in mental health and counseling. As of 2023, Richmond has seen a growing demand for qualified MFTs, driven by increasing awareness of mental health issues and family dynamics in the region. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects a 22% growth rate for marriage and family therapists nationally through 2031, and Richmond mirrors this trend with expanding job opportunities in healthcare facilities, private practices, and community organizations.

Salary data for Richmond indicates a median annual wage around $60,000, which is competitive for counseling professions in the area. Pursuing licensure in Virginia involves rigorous education and supervised clinical experience, but the career’s rewarding nature and local market growth make it worthwhile for many. For prospective students, understanding the educational requirements and local job market is essential to make an informed decision about entering this field in Richmond.

Key Things to Know About Becoming a Marriage and Family Therapist in Richmond, VA

• Richmond, VA offers a positive job outlook for marriage and family therapists, with steady demand driven by growing awareness of mental health services.
• The average annual salary for marriage and family therapists in Richmond is approximately $55,000 to $65,000, depending on experience and workplace setting.
• Becoming licensed in Virginia requires a master’s degree in marriage and family therapy, completion of supervised clinical hours, and passing the national exam.
• Therapists in Richmond benefit from diverse employment opportunities, including private practice, hospitals, community agencies, and schools.

Table of Contents

1. What are the steps to become a marriage and family therapist in Richmond, VA?
2. How does Richmond, VA law define the scope of practice for MFTs?
3. What degree do you need to become an MFT in Richmond, VA?
4. What is the average salary for a marriage and family therapist in Richmond, VA?
5. How long does it take to complete a master's degree in marriage and family therapy in Richmond, VA?
6. What is the cost of tuition for MFT programs in Richmond, VA, and are there financial aid options?
7. What are the requirements for MFT licensure in Richmond, VA?
8. What is the job market outlook for MFTs in Richmond, VA?
9. Can MFTs Benefit from Specialized Substance Abuse Counseling Training?
10. Can obtaining additional certifications enhance career opportunities for MFTs in Richmond, VA?
11. Can MFTs Benefit from Dual Credentials in Mental Health Counseling in Richmond, VA?
12. How can MFTs advance their careers in Richmond, VA?
13. What are the legal requirements for starting a private practice as an MFT in Richmond, VA?
14. How is Teletherapy Impacting the Practice of MFTs in Richmond, VA?
15. Other Things You Need to Know About Marriage and Family Therapists in Richmond, VA

What are the steps to become a marriage and family therapist in Richmond, VA?

If you’re aiming to become a Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) in Richmond, VA, there’s a clear path you’ll want to follow. First up, you’ll need to earn a relevant graduate degree—usually a Master’s in Marriage and Family Therapy or something close, like counseling or psychology with a focus on MFT. Richmond is lucky to have solid options like Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), which offers an accredited Master’s program tailored for this career. Nearby, Liberty University and the University of Richmond also provide strong counseling and psychology programs that fit the bill.

Once you have your degree, the next step is to gain supervised clinical experience. In Virginia, you’re required to complete at least 3,000 hours of supervised practice after graduating. This hands-on training helps you apply what you’ve learned and prepare for real-world therapy work.

Richmond offers lots of chances to rack up these hours, including placements at community mental health centers and private practices. Plus, getting involved with local groups like the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (VAMFT) can be a huge help—they run seminars, exam prep workshops, and networking events that connect you with licensed pros.

Passing the national exam from the Association of Marital & Family Therapy Regulatory Boards (AMFTRB) is a must. To get ready, it’s smart to use study guides, take practice tests, and join review classes—Richmond has training centers and online resources to support you. Local study groups can also make a big difference by boosting your understanding and confidence.

After you pass the exam and meet all requirements, you can apply for your MFT license in Virginia. Licenses need to be renewed regularly, which usually involves continuing education to keep your skills fresh and stay updated on best practices.

What makes Richmond unique is not just the educational programs but the strong local community and growth in demand for MFTs—projected to grow by 19% over the next decade. This means plenty of job opportunities and a supportive environment for new therapists starting out.

• Earn a Master’s degree in MFT or related field (VCU, Liberty University, University of Richmond)
• Complete 3,000 hours of supervised clinical experience in Virginia
• Engage with local resources like VAMFT seminars and workshops
• Pass the AMFTRB national licensing exam
• Apply for and maintain your Virginia MFT license with ongoing continuing education

How does Richmond, VA law define the scope of practice for MFTs?

When it comes to the richmond va marriage and family therapy scope of practice, therapists here handle a variety of roles but within certain legal boundaries. They primarily focus on helping couples, families, and individuals manage relationship issues, emotional challenges, and behavioral problems through counseling sessions. Day-to-day duties often include assessing client needs, developing treatment plans, facilitating therapy sessions, and monitoring progress. They also collaborate with other healthcare professionals when necessary to ensure comprehensive care.

However, the scope of practice for marriage and family therapists in Richmond is shaped quite a bit by local laws and regulations. Unlike some states that allow therapists to prescribe medications or provide certain medical treatments, Richmond therapists must stick strictly to psychotherapy and counseling. They’re not authorized to diagnose medical conditions or prescribe drugs, which keeps their work centered on mental and emotional health rather than physical health issues.

Legal requirements for marriage and family therapists in richmond va include obtaining a state license after completing a master’s degree in marriage and family therapy or a related field, followed by supervised clinical hours and passing a licensing exam. Richmond mandates ongoing education to keep licenses current, ensuring therapists stay updated with best practices and ethical standards. One unique aspect here compared to other cities is the emphasis on community-based service and confidentiality laws, which can be a bit stricter in Virginia, influencing how therapists document sessions and handle sensitive information.

For those curious about how therapy credentials compare or wondering about career paths, it’s helpful to understand the difference between addiction counseling and psychology degrees, especially since some therapists integrate addiction issues within family dynamics. Overall, Richmond’s legal landscape ensures marriage and family therapists operate in a well-defined, client-focused role, balancing supportive care with clear professional limits.

As shown in the chart, licensed marriage and family therapists (LMFTs) spend an average of 21.8 hours per week providing direct services. In Richmond, VA, this aligns closely with the city’s legally defined scope of practice, which emphasizes one-on-one and group counseling. This statistic highlights the central role of direct client interaction in MFT work, reinforcing Richmond’s focus on therapeutic engagement over administrative or medical duties.

What degree do you need to become an MFT in Richmond, VA?

If you’re aiming for a master’s degree in marriage and family therapy Richmond VA, you’ll typically start by enrolling in graduate programs focused on marriage and family therapy or closely related fields like counseling psychology or clinical mental health counseling. These programs usually offer a solid foundation in systemic therapy approaches and teach you how to assess and work with couples and families effectively.

Students often begin their educational journey with degrees in psychology, social work, or human services before diving deeper into marriage and family therapy specifics. Common courses you’ll encounter include family systems theory, psychopathology, couples therapy techniques, multicultural counseling, and research methods. Hands-on clinical practicum and internships are key parts of the process, giving you supervised real-world experience.

There are different levels of study you might consider. While most go for a master’s degree to meet the educational requirements for LMFT license Richmond Virginia, some choose to pursue doctoral programs like a Ph.D. or Psy.D. for advanced clinical roles or academic careers, though these are not required for licensure.

In Richmond, three well-known programs stand out for aspiring MFTs: Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) offers a Master of Science in Marriage and Family Therapy, Regent University has a Master of Arts in Marriage and Family Therapy, and Liberty University provides a Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling with an MFT specialization.

To really ace these programs, it’s important to manage your time wisely, engage actively in clinical work, and build strong connections with your supervisors and peers. Local groups like the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (VAMFT) are great resources for networking, continuing education, and mentorship. Also, don’t miss checking out this list of best online marriage and family therapy graduate certificates if you’re interested in supplementing your education with flexible options.

As shown in the chart, psychology and family therapy are the most common degree paths among MFTs, reinforcing the educational trends seen in Richmond, VA. These majors align closely with the city’s licensing requirements, where graduate training in systemic therapy, clinical practice, and counseling psychology forms the core of MFT preparation. For aspiring therapists in Richmond, choosing one of these established academic tracks can provide a clear and effective route to licensure and professional success.

What is the average salary for a marriage and family therapist in Richmond, VA?

Marriage and family therapists (MFTs) in Richmond, VA, typically earn between $58,000 and $65,000 per year, which breaks down to about $4,800 to $5,400 per month. This range is a little lower than the Virginia state average, where MFTs make roughly $62,000 to $70,000 annually. For those just starting out in Richmond, entry-level salaries usually fall between $40,000 and $48,000 a year. As therapists gain experience, especially around five to ten years in, salaries can climb to the $65,000 to $75,000 range. Taking on supervisory roles or running a private practice often pushes earnings even higher.

One Richmond-based MFT I spoke with shared how their early years were a juggling act—handling student debt while earning a modest starting wage. They mentioned that focusing on specialties like couples therapy and earning their Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) credential really boosted their income. They also said that staying connected with local professional groups helped them grow their practice and avoid feeling isolated, which is a big plus in this field. Despite the financial ups and downs, they find the work deeply rewarding because of the positive impact on families.

To increase wages, MFTs often pursue advanced certifications, build clinical hours, and develop niches such as trauma or adolescent therapy. Networking locally also plays an important role in career growth and salary progression.

As shown in the chart, MFTs working in state government and outpatient care centers earn the highest median wages—well above $70,000 annually. This aligns with trends in Richmond, VA, where therapists in structured clinical or government-funded settings tend to command stronger salaries. For MFTs aiming to maximize their earnings, these sectors offer clear pathways to higher compensation compared to roles in individual or family services or private health practices.

How long does it take to complete a master's degree in marriage and family therapy in Richmond, VA?

Completing a marriage and family therapy master's program duration Richmond VA typically takes about two to three years of full-time study. Most programs require around 60 credit hours, which translates to roughly 24 to 36 months depending on how packed your course load is. If you're juggling work or other commitments, part-time options can stretch this out to four years or more. On the flip side, some Richmond schools offer accelerated formats that let you finish in as little as 18 months, but these usually demand a heavy time commitment and nonstop coursework.

Another big part of the time to complete MFT degree Richmond Virginia is the supervised clinical internship. Usually, you’ll need to complete 6 to 12 months with at least 2,000 supervised hours, as required by the state licensing board. Finding these internships can feel tricky, but Richmond has plenty of spots like community health agencies, hospitals, and private practices that often work closely with universities. Networking early and reaching out to these places can make a huge difference in securing your internship.

To make the most of your study duration, look for programs with integrated practicum experiences and keep in regular contact with your supervisors to keep those clinical hours rolling. Joining local professional associations and attending workshops can also speed up your path to licensure. If you want to explore options beyond Richmond, consider checking out the cheapest online PhD in Counseling, which might offer flexible formats to fit your needs.

As the image highlights, there are currently 76,000 marriage and family therapists (MFTs) employed across the U.S. This national total reinforces the steady demand for MFTs, and it helps put Richmond’s training timelines into perspective—graduates entering the field join a large, established professional community. Whether you’re completing your degree in two or three years, you’re preparing for a career that’s both in demand and widely practiced across the country.

What is the cost of tuition for MFT programs in Richmond, VA, and are there financial aid options?

When considering how much does marriage and family therapy tuition cost in Richmond VA, you’ll find that prices vary quite a bit. Typically, a Master’s degree in Marriage and Family Therapy, which you need to become licensed, can range anywhere from $20,000 to over $50,000 in total tuition. Public universities in Richmond tend to be more budget-friendly, especially if you’re an in-state student, sometimes cutting costs by nearly half compared to private schools. The length of the program matters too—usually two to three years—and longer programs naturally add more to the bill due to extra tuition and fees.

Besides tuition, don’t forget about extra expenses like internships, supervision hours, textbooks, and licensing exam fees. These can add a few thousand dollars to your overall cost. The good news is Richmond has plenty of local clinical placement sites, which might help keep travel costs down. Just keep in mind that if you want to pursue specialized certifications or extra training, your costs could climb higher.

Financial aid options for MFT programs in Richmond VA include federal and state grants, loans, and scholarships. The Virginia Department of Health Professions sometimes offers loan repayment programs if you commit to working in underserved areas, which is a big help. You can also check out scholarships from groups like the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.

While Richmond doesn’t have many MFT-specific scholarships, there are plenty of general graduate aid and institutional funds available. For those exploring alternatives, looking into marriage family therapy online programs could be a smart move to manage costs.

What are the requirements for MFT licensure in Richmond, VA?

To become a licensed marriage and family therapist in Richmond, VA, you need to follow a clear step-by-step process regulated by the Virginia Board of Counseling. First, you must earn a master’s or doctoral degree in marriage and family therapy or a closely related field from a regionally accredited institution.

After that, you’ll complete at least 2,000 hours of supervised clinical experience, which usually takes around 1.5 to 2 years. Importantly, 500 of these hours must be direct client contact focused on marriage and family therapy. If you’re researching marriage and family therapist licensure requirements Richmond VA, this supervised experience is a key part of the pathway.

Next, you’ll need to pass the national MFT licensing exam administered by the Association of Marital & Family Therapy Regulatory Boards (AMFTRB). Once you pass, you submit your exam results, verification of supervised hours, and credentials to the Virginia Board of Counseling. The whole licensure process typically takes about 3 to 4 years from when you begin supervised hours to receiving your license.

What makes the licensure process in Richmond a bit unique is the detailed breakdown of supervised hours required and a Virginia-specific jurisprudence exam that tests your knowledge of local laws and ethics. Also, Virginia offers a provisional license option, allowing you to practice under supervision while finishing your hours. Local groups like the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (VAMFT) are great resources for networking and continuing education.

Renewing your MFT license in Richmond means completing 20 hours of continuing education every two years. This includes at least one hour each on ethics and Virginia laws governing practice, which is a bit different from other states that might not have such specific CE requirements. Staying current with these state-specific rules helps ensure you’re practicing responsibly. Many continuing education options are available through VAMFT and approved Virginia providers.

For those wondering how to become a licensed MFT in Richmond Virginia while managing education costs, you might explore local scholarships, federal aid, and state grants. Plus, if you’re interested in related fields, you can check out school counseling online programs that offer affordable pathways to counseling careers.

What is the job market outlook for MFTs in Richmond, VA?

The job outlook for Marriage and Family Therapists (MFTs) in Richmond, VA, looks pretty bright right now. As of 2023, there are about 360 MFTs working in the city, and this number is expected to grow thanks to a rising awareness of mental health and family therapy needs. In fact, the Virginia Employment Commission projects a 19% growth in MFT jobs across the state from 2022 to 2032, which is even better than the national average of 15%. Richmond benefits from this trend with more healthcare facilities, private practices, and community mental health centers all actively hiring.

Compared to other cities, Richmond’s MFT scene is moderate. For example, Washington, D.C. employs almost twice as many MFTs, but Richmond offers some clear perks like a lower cost of living and a strong support network for mental health pros. If you’re thinking of working as an MFT in Richmond, here are some common requirements you’ll need to meet:

• A state-issued license as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT)
• A master’s or doctoral degree in marriage and family therapy or a related field
• At least 3,000 hours of supervised clinical experience
• Experience with culturally competent care and trauma-informed therapy is often preferred

All in all, Richmond offers steady job growth and solid opportunities for anyone ready to jump into the MFT field.

Can MFTs Benefit from Specialized Substance Abuse Counseling Training?

Diversifying expertise by incorporating substance abuse counseling techniques can expand an MFT’s scope of practice. Focused training equips therapists with strategies to recognize and address co-occurring disorders within family and relational contexts, enhancing treatment outcomes. Professionals seeking to broaden their skillset may consider targeted certification programs; for instance, learn how to become a substance abuse counselor in Richmond to access specialized education and practical strategies. This added competency supports more comprehensive care and meets the evolving mental health needs of Richmond’s diverse client base.

Can obtaining additional certifications enhance career opportunities for MFTs in Richmond, VA?

Expanding professional credentials can open alternative pathways for MFTs, particularly when their practice intersects with educational environments. Earning supplementary certifications, such as a teaching credential, may enable therapists to engage in school-based counseling initiatives and multidisciplinary collaborations. This strategic enhancement not only broadens service offerings but also reinforces credibility when working with educational institutions and community programs. For example, exploring options like cheapest teacher certification programs in Richmond can provide an efficient and cost-effective route to integrate teaching skills with therapeutic expertise.

Can MFTs Benefit from Dual Credentials in Mental Health Counseling in Richmond, VA?

Expanding professional credentials to include mental health counseling can provide enhanced clinical perspectives and broaden a therapist’s scope of practice. In Richmond, leveraging dual competencies enables professionals to address a wider range of client needs and to collaborate more effectively with other healthcare providers. Pursuing additional certification requires meeting the mental health counselor requirements in Richmond alongside your existing MFT qualifications, without duplicating core training. This strategic credentialing supports interdisciplinary practice and offers significant advantages in competitive and dynamic clinical settings.

How can MFTs advance their careers in Richmond, VA?

If you’re thinking about becoming a Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) in Richmond, VA, you’re in a great spot for career growth. The demand for MFTs here is growing fast, with lots of job openings and solid salaries. On average, MFTs in Richmond make around $58,000 a year, and if you gain experience or move into supervisory roles, you could earn upwards of $75,000.

Getting your career moving usually starts with becoming a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT). That means finishing a master’s degree, gathering supervised clinical hours, and passing a national exam. But don’t stop there—pursuing board certification through the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) can really boost your credentials and open doors to higher-level clinical or leadership positions.

Richmond has some solid institutions and organizations to support your professional development:

• Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) offers continuing education workshops and advanced training programs to help you sharpen therapy techniques and clinical supervision skills.
• The Richmond Behavioral Health Authority provides workplaces where you can grow into leadership roles or specialize in areas like trauma or family systems therapy.
• The Commonwealth Center for Children and Adolescents is another place to gain experience in specialized care.

Networking is also key. Local chapters of the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy host conferences, provide resources, and offer peer support to keep you connected and informed on best practices. Plus, Richmond’s diverse community means you can develop expertise in culturally competent care—a skill that’s becoming increasingly important in the mental health field.

What are the legal requirements for starting a private practice as an MFT in Richmond, VA?

Starting your own private practice as a Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) in Richmond, VA, means jumping through some important legal hoops, but it’s totally doable with the right info. First off, you need to be licensed as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) in Virginia. That requires finishing at least a master’s degree in marriage and family therapy or a related field, logging a minimum of 3,000 hours of supervised clinical work after your degree, and passing both the national MFT exam and Virginia’s jurisprudence exam.

Once you’ve got your license, there are some business steps to handle before you open your doors. You’ll need to register your practice with the Virginia State Corporation Commission, and if you plan to hire staff, you’ll also need an Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS. Don’t skip on professional liability insurance — it’s highly recommended to protect yourself from malpractice claims.

Confidentiality is huge in this field, so make sure you’re following all the state and federal laws, like HIPAA, when managing client records. In Richmond, private practices for MFTs are pretty common and growing, thanks to the city’s rising demand for mental health services. In fact, there’s been a 7% increase in licensed MFTs in the area over the last couple of years, so you’ll be joining a thriving community.

If you want to stand out, consider extra certifications like Registered Play Therapist or training in specialized therapy methods. These aren’t required but can definitely boost your appeal. Also, networking with groups like the Virginia Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (VAMFT) can be a game-changer for support and resources.

Here are some quick tips to help your practice succeed:

• Get fully licensed and keep your certifications up to date.
• Make sure your business paperwork and insurance are all squared away.
• Stay strict on client confidentiality and legal compliance.
• Consider extra certifications to attract more clients.
• Join local professional organizations for networking and support.
• Keep an eye on local mental health trends to tailor your services.

How is Teletherapy Impacting the Practice of MFTs in Richmond, VA?

Teletherapy is increasingly reshaping the way MFTs in Richmond deliver care by enhancing client accessibility and offering flexible session formats. Digital platforms allow therapists to extend their services beyond traditional office settings, meeting the needs of clients with mobility challenges or those preferring remote consultations. As practitioners integrate secure, HIPAA-compliant systems into their workflow, they navigate evolving guidelines that mirror in-person standards while leveraging virtual tools to track progress and maintain client confidentiality. This shift also opens pathways for expanding professional networks and practical training; for instance, emerging practitioners can review our resources on how to become a therapist in Richmond to better understand the requirements for delivering quality telehealth services.

What do marriage and family therapists in Richmond, VA have to say about their careers?

• Completing my marriage and family therapy degree at Virginia Commonwealth University was an incredible journey that prepared me well for the unique challenges here in Richmond. The city's vibrant diversity and strong sense of community have allowed me to connect deeply with clients from all walks of life, making my work profoundly rewarding. I love that Richmond supports a collaborative environment among therapists, which fosters continuous learning and growth. The stability of jobs in this field here also gives me peace of mind as I build my career. Every day, I feel grateful to contribute positively to families and couples in this dynamic city. Jolene
• Studying at the University of Richmond opened my eyes not just to therapy techniques but to the broader cultural fabric of the city. Richmond’s rich history and evolving social landscape present both challenges and opportunities that have shaped my approach to therapy. Working here has pushed me to grow personally and professionally, as I learn to navigate complex family dynamics influenced by local economic and social factors. It’s inspiring to see the tangible impact we can make in strengthening families, which keeps me passionate about this career. Jimmy
• My experience earning a degree from Virginia State University has been integral to my professional development as a marriage and family therapist in Richmond. The program’s focus on community engagement really resonated with me, and Richmond’s supportive environment has offered various avenues for advancing my career. I appreciate the city’s commitment to mental health awareness, which has increased opportunities for meaningful work and collaboration. Helping families thrive in this culturally rich and historically significant city continually fuels my dedication to this field. Armie

Other Things You Need to Know About Marriage and Family Therapists in Richmond, VA

Can I transfer my MFT license from another city to Richmond, VA?

If you're thinking about moving your Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) license to Richmond, VA, keep in mind that you can’t just transfer it city-to-city because licensing is handled by each state. To practice in Virginia, you’ll need to apply for licensure by endorsement through the Virginia Board of Counseling. This means proving your education, supervised experience, and passing the national MFT exam meet Virginia’s standards. It might sound like a hassle, but checking out resources from the Virginia Board of Counseling and the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy can make the process way smoother and clearer.

Which industries in Richmond, VA employ the most MFTs?

If you’re thinking about becoming a Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT) in Richmond, VA, you’ll find the most job opportunities in places like outpatient mental health clinics, hospitals, and private practices. Social service agencies and local schools also hire MFTs to help families and kids work through their challenges. Employers usually want you to have a Virginia license, completed supervised clinical hours, and good communication skills. To stand out, try to get internships in different clinical settings and keep up with the latest therapy techniques. Richmond’s growing healthcare scene means more chances to find a great spot!

Do you need a masters to be a therapist in Richmond, VA?

If you’re thinking about becoming a marriage and family therapist in Richmond, VA, you definitely need a master’s degree to get started. The Virginia Board of Counseling requires that your graduate degree be in marriage and family therapy or a closely related field like clinical psychology or social work, as long as you’ve taken family therapy courses. A popular choice around here is the Master of Marriage and Family Therapy program at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), but there are other counseling degrees with MFT tracks too. Just remember, you need at least 60 semester hours to meet the state’s education requirements before moving on to supervised clinical work.

What is the fastest way to become a licensed therapist in Richmond, VA?

If you want to become a marriage and family therapist (MFT) in Richmond, VA, fast, look for an accelerated master’s program that’s COAMFTE-accredited. These programs pack the coursework into 2–3 years instead of the usual 3–4. To speed things up, start hunting for internships early—ideally at Virginia-approved clinical sites—so you can rack up those 3,000 supervised hours quicker. Networking with local Richmond agencies can help you find good placements and mentors, which might cut down your supervision time after graduation. Also, keep an eye on updates from the Virginia Board of Counseling to dodge any licensing hiccups.

References:

• AAMFT. Virginia State Resources.
• All Psychology Schools. Virginia Psychology & Social Work Licensure.
• Colliers Knowledge Leader. Richmond’s Rise in Manufacturing.
• CounselingSchools.com. Become a Counselor in Virginia (VA): State Licensing & Schools.
• O*NET Online. License: Marriage and Family Therapists.
• RICtoday. 10 biggest employers in Richmond.
• Richmond Community College. Medical Billing & Coding Specialist.
• Richmond Economic Development. Key & Emerging Industries.
• VCU College of Health Professions. LPC Requirements.
• Virginia Association of Clinical Counselors. What you Need to Know about Virginia Licensure.