Do Cybersecurity Professionals Need Coding Skills in 2025?

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Share

What role does coding play in cybersecurity jobs?

Coding plays an important role in cybersecurity jobs because it helps professionals understand how systems, networks, and attacks work at a deeper level. In 2024 alone, there were more than 514,000 cybersecurity job openings, and many of the most competitive roles required or strongly valued coding skills.

While not every position demands strong programming ability, those who can code often handle more technical tasks and solve problems faster. This is similar to how understanding the difference between an MFT degree vs LMFT license shapes career options in therapy—deeper knowledge opens more doors.

For example, coding is valuable in roles like penetration testing, malware analysis, and security engineering. It allows specialists to create scripts that automate repetitive work, build tools to test defenses, and study malicious code to uncover how attacks spread. Even a basic knowledge of languages like Python, Java, or C can make a difference in day-to-day tasks.

At the same time, coding is not the only skill needed. Cybersecurity also depends on strategy, risk management, and teamwork. Still, having coding skills gives professionals a stronger advantage, making them more adaptable to changes in technology and better prepared to respond to threats.

How much coding knowledge is enough for cybersecurity?

Cybersecurity does not require every professional to be an expert programmer, but a solid understanding of coding basics is often enough to perform most tasks effectively. The right level of knowledge depends on the specific career path, since not all roles involve the same technical demands.

In the same way that comparing a criminal justice degree online cost helps students weigh options before committing, understanding how much coding is “enough” depends on balancing effort with career goals.

For entry-level or generalist positions, being able to read and understand code is usually sufficient. Skills in scripting languages such as Python or Bash can help automate repetitive work, run security scans, and analyze log files more efficiently. A basic grasp of SQL is also helpful for identifying database vulnerabilities. This level of coding knowledge supports day-to-day operations without requiring advanced software development skills.

In contrast, specialized roles demand more technical depth. Penetration testers, for example, often write custom scripts to exploit weaknesses, while malware analysts may need to reverse-engineer code to understand how attacks spread. Security engineers and architects also rely on stronger programming skills to design tools or build secure systems. In these cases, intermediate to advanced coding ability becomes essential.

Ultimately, cybersecurity professionals do not need to become full-time software developers. Instead, they need just enough coding to understand how attacks are created, how systems can be exploited, and how defenses can be strengthened. By blending coding knowledge with broader skills in risk management, compliance, and incident response, professionals can build a balanced toolkit that prepares them for both technical and strategic challenges.

Which cybersecurity careers benefit most from coding skills?

Some cybersecurity careers benefit more from coding than others because of the technical demands of the job. Roles that focus on analyzing threats, testing systems, and building secure tools often rely on programming knowledge to be effective.

Knowing how to code allows professionals in these positions to create custom solutions, automate tasks, and better understand how attacks are carried out. This is similar to comparing a medical assistant vs EMT, where different roles require distinct levels of technical expertise.

Below are some of the key careers where cybersecurity coding skills provide the strongest advantage:

• Penetration Tester – Uses coding to design custom exploits, test vulnerabilities, and strengthen system defenses.
• Malware Analyst – Relies on programming skills to reverse-engineer malicious code and identify how threats operate.
• Security Engineer – Applies cybersecurity coding skills knowledge to build secure applications, automate monitoring, and patch vulnerabilities.
• Incident Response Analyst – Uses scripts to investigate breaches, analyze system logs, and contain threats quickly.
• Forensic Specialist – Leverages coding to recover deleted data, trace digital evidence, and examine compromised systems.

Having cybersecurity coding skills in these roles not only boosts efficiency but also increases career opportunities and earning potential. Professionals with programming expertise are often better equipped to adapt to evolving cyber threats, making them more valuable to organizations that rely on strong security defenses.

How does coding knowledge affect cybersecurity salaries?

Coding ability tends to significantly boost compensation for cybersecurity professionals. Employers often reward those with scripting and programming skills—especially in Python and other relevant languages—because they can automate tasks, analyze threats more deeply, and develop custom tools.

Data confirms this pay advantage. On average, cybersecurity analysts earn around $82,800 annually, while cybersecurity engineers—who typically require stronger coding—average about $122,890 per year. Broader industry data places cybersecurity engineer salaries between $95,000 and $130,000, with top earners reaching well above $145,000 depending on location and experience. By comparison, general cybersecurity professionals earn around $99,000 annually, highlighting the salary gap coding knowledge can create.

Beyond starting paychecks, cybersecurity coding skills also enhance long-term earnings. Advanced roles like senior engineers, security architects, or consultants—a progression that relies heavily on programming expertise—can command salaries well above industry averages. Cybersecurity architects, for example, often earn in the $120,000–$160,000 range, while consultants and penetration testers can exceed $150,000. These numbers highlight a clear trend: the stronger the coding background, the more lucrative the career path becomes in cybersecurity.

To put this into context, some compare cybersecurity pay to other advanced degrees. For example, the average salary EdD degree holders earn is around $79,000 to $100,000, which shows how technical expertise in cybersecurity can sometimes outpace even doctoral-level education in other fields.

What coding languages are most important in cybersecurity?

Not every coding language is equally useful in cybersecurity, but a few stand out for their ability to strengthen defenses, analyze threats, and streamline tasks. Learning these languages gives professionals practical tools for automating work, building security solutions, and understanding how attacks happen.

In fact, according to 2024 data, JavaScript (62.3%), Python (51%), and SQL (51%) rank among the most widely used programming languages worldwide, which explains why they also hold such strong relevance in cybersecurity roles. Just as exploring what is a forensic psychologist helps define the skills needed in psychology, identifying the right coding languages helps cybersecurity professionals focus their efforts effectively.

• Python – Widely used for automation, scripting, and penetration testing; it’s often the first choice for quick security solutions.
• C and C++ – Essential for understanding how malware works, analyzing memory-level exploits, and strengthening system security.
• Java – Commonly found in enterprise applications, making it important for testing and securing large-scale systems.
• SQL – Critical for preventing injection attacks and securing databases against unauthorized access.
• JavaScript – Key for web security, since many cyberattacks target browser-based applications and client-side vulnerabilities.

Together, these languages cover the most common areas of cybersecurity work, from analyzing low-level threats to defending large enterprise systems. While professionals don’t need to master them all, having proficiency in at least one or two can make a significant difference in career growth and effectiveness in tackling modern cyber risks.

Can you work in cybersecurity without coding skills?

It is possible to work in cybersecurity without coding skills, especially in roles that focus more on strategy, management, or compliance. Positions such as security auditors, risk analysts, or compliance officers emphasize understanding policies, assessing risks, and ensuring organizations meet regulations. These jobs rely more on analytical and communication skills than technical programming knowledge.

However, the absence of cybersecurity coding skills can limit career growth in highly technical areas. Roles such as penetration testing, malware analysis, or security engineering often require some level of programming to perform effectively. Without coding knowledge, professionals may find it harder to advance into these specialized or higher-paying positions where technical expertise is essential.

That said, coding is not the only path to success in cybersecurity. Certifications, networking expertise, and knowledge of security frameworks are equally valuable in shaping a strong career. For those starting without programming skills, it is entirely possible to build a career in cybersecurity, and coding can always be learned later to expand opportunities and strengthen technical capabilities.

Interestingly, some professionals branch into broader healthcare or administrative careers through specialized training. Programs like certification in healthcare management highlight how structured credentials can help you transition into roles where coding isn’t required, yet analytical and organizational skills remain in high demand.

How do coding skills enhance threat detection and response?

Cybersecurity coding skills play a powerful role in improving how cybersecurity professionals detect and respond to threats. By knowing how to write and adapt scripts, security teams can work faster, identify problems more accurately, and even build tools that go beyond what standard software can offer. This technical edge often makes the difference between containing an attack quickly and suffering a costly breach.

Considering that the global average cost of a data breach is $4.4 million, the ability to detect and neutralize threats faster has a direct financial impact for organizations. Much like pursuing fast-track game design degrees online can speed up skill-building in creative fields, coding accelerates cybersecurity efficiency in mission-critical environments.

Below are some of the key ways coding strengthens both detection and response in cybersecurity:

Automating repetitive security tasks

Coding allows cybersecurity professionals to automate processes such as log analysis, vulnerability scans, and system monitoring. With automation, teams save valuable time, reduce errors, and create faster responses to early warning signs of attacks.

Building custom detection tools

Standard security tools are not always enough to catch every type of threat. Coding enables professionals to create custom scripts and applications tailored to their organization’s needs. These tools can reveal vulnerabilities or abnormal behaviors that generic solutions might miss.

Speeding up incident response

During a breach, every second counts. Coding knowledge helps analysts quickly write scripts that isolate compromised systems, trace malicious activity, and contain threats. This capability reduces downtime and minimizes the overall impact of cyber incidents.

Strengthening long-term defenses

Beyond immediate response, coding supports the development of stronger, proactive defenses. Professionals can simulate attacks, test systems, and refine security protocols through custom code, keeping defenses one step ahead of evolving threats.

How are employers valuing coding skills in cybersecurity hiring?

Employers are increasingly placing value on coding skills when hiring for cybersecurity positions. As cyber threats grow more complex, organizations want professionals who can do more than monitor alerts—they need employees who can analyze malicious code, automate defenses, and create custom tools to strengthen security. This shift has made coding a sought-after skill in job postings and recruitment processes.

In technical roles like penetration testing, malware analysis, and security engineering, coding is often seen as a core requirement rather than a bonus. Recruiters look for candidates who can demonstrate hands-on programming ability, either through prior work experience or projects completed in training programs. Even in positions where coding is not central, having knowledge of languages like Python or SQL can give candidates an edge over others.

At the same time, certifications and networking skills remain important, but coding adds a competitive advantage that employers are increasingly unwilling to overlook. Professionals who can blend coding with broader cybersecurity expertise are viewed as more adaptable, innovative, and ready to handle evolving threats. This combination makes them highly attractive hires in a competitive job market.

This trend mirrors broader employment landscapes. For example, roles such as high-demand business intelligence roles in healthcare also prioritize technical proficiency alongside domain knowledge, demonstrating that coding and data skills are becoming cross-industry necessities.

What are the best ways to learn coding for cybersecurity?

Learning coding for cybersecurity is most effective when professionals combine structured training with hands-on practice. Since cybersecurity work relies on solving problems, detecting threats, and building secure systems, the best learning methods are those that connect coding directly to real-world security tasks. Below are some of the most effective ways to build coding skills for cybersecurity:

Online Coding Courses and Platforms

Online platforms provide flexible options to study coding at your own pace. Many offer courses in Python, Java, or C that are tailored to cybersecurity applications, making them both practical and career-focused.

Coding Bootcamps

Bootcamps deliver short, intensive training programs that focus on job-ready coding skills. Some specialize in cybersecurity, combining programming lessons with security-specific exercises.

Hands-On Labs and Simulations

Labs and simulations allow learners to practice coding in realistic environments, such as writing scripts for penetration testing or analyzing malware samples. These scenarios make it possible to gain experience without risking live systems.

Cybersecurity Certifications With Coding Components

Certifications like CEH (Certified Ethical Hacker) or OSCP (Offensive Security Certified Professional) often test coding ability. Earning these credentials proves both technical skill and commitment to the field.

Self-Study With Open-Source Projects

Working on open-source security tools or personal coding projects builds practical skills and provides a portfolio to show employers. It’s also one of the best ways to apply coding knowledge to real-world problems.

For students balancing education with financial constraints, exploring a cheap online history master’s degree or other flexible online programs alongside cybersecurity coding courses can provide both affordability and skill-building opportunities. Combining cost-effective education with specialized training ensures you remain competitive without overspending.

What does the future of coding in cybersecurity look like?

Coding will continue to be a cornerstone of cybersecurity, but the role it plays is evolving. The rise of AI, low-code tools, and secure-by-design practices means coding will be more integrated into every stage of development and security processes. This shift will require professionals to balance technical coding expertise with strategic oversight to protect against increasingly complex cyber threats.

AI will have a major influence on the future of coding in cybersecurity. By 2025, analysts estimate that around 20% of new code could be generated by AI tools, pushing cybersecurity professionals to focus on reviewing, securing, and optimizing that code. However, because AI-generated code often introduces vulnerabilities, the demand for skilled professionals who can identify and patch risks will only grow stronger.

At the same time, employers are placing greater value on practical coding skills when hiring. According to the Job Outlook 2025 survey, 73.2% of employers rank technical skills among the top attributes they seek on a candidate’s resume, alongside problem-solving ability (88.3%) and teamwork (81%). This emphasis shows that coding knowledge is no longer just a “bonus” but a core qualification for cybersecurity professionals. With a global talent shortage expected to reach 3.5 million unfilled cybersecurity jobs by 2025, coding will remain one of the most in-demand abilities for professionals entering the field.

Here’s What Graduates Have to Say About Having Coding Skills as a Cybersecurity Professional

Other Things You Should Know About Having Coding Skills as a Cybersecurity Professional

What coding is needed for cybersecurity?

Cybersecurity requires knowledge of languages like Python, C, C++, Java, and JavaScript, as they support different aspects of system defense and threat analysis. Python is often used for scripting and automation, while C and C++ provide insights into low-level vulnerabilities. Java and JavaScript are essential for securing applications and web environments. While not every role demands deep expertise, familiarity with these languages strengthens problem-solving, penetration testing, and malware analysis.

Can you make $500,000 a year in cyber security?

It is possible to earn $500,000 a year in cybersecurity, though these salaries are usually reserved for senior executives or highly specialized experts. Roles such as Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) or consultants handling large-scale security crises can reach this range. Data from top firms shows median salaries for advanced positions between $150,000 and $250,000, with bonuses and equity pushing some professionals well above. Reaching this level requires extensive experience, leadership, and proven results.

What are the top 3 skills for cyber security experts?

The top three skills for cybersecurity experts are coding knowledge, analytical thinking, and risk management. Coding helps professionals detect, test, and resolve vulnerabilities in systems. Analytical skills allow them to interpret complex threats and anticipate attack strategies. Risk management ensures they can design proactive defenses that align with organizational goals. Together, these skills create the foundation for both technical execution and long-term security strategy.

Is Python or Java better for cyber security?

Python is generally better for cybersecurity because it is simple, versatile, and widely used in automation, penetration testing, and threat detection. Its vast libraries make it easier to build scripts for real-world security tasks. Java, however, is valuable for securing enterprise applications and understanding how large-scale systems are structured. The best choice often depends on the role: Python dominates for security research and testing, while Java is key for application and enterprise-level security.