Best Online Master’s in Homeland Security Degree Programs for 2025

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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In today’s growing armed conflicts and continuous political disorder, homeland security jobs are increasing to fill crucial roles in nonprofit organizations and the government. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) predicts that there will be 10,900 job openings for emergency management directors and 219,500 for information security analysts by 2031 (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2022). Furthermore, a homeland security degree can segue into a military career should you choose to take this path.

Graduates with a homeland security degree may also find employment at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, which was founded in 2002 after the tragic September 11 attacks. Now, this department is one of the largest federal government agencies, employing almost 240,000 individuals.

This guide provides information on the best online master’s in homeland security programs today. Our research team has evaluated these programs according to admission requirements, costs, and accreditation, to name a few.

Online Master’s Degree Programs in Homeland Security Table of Contents

1. Can you get a degree completely online?
2. Will employers take my online degree seriously?
3. Are online degrees recognized all over the world?
4. Online vs. Traditional Master’s Degree in Homeland Security
5. How much does an online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security cost?
6. What are the requirements for an online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security?
7. Courses to Expect in Online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security
8. Things to Look for in an Online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security
9. Best Online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security Programs for 2025
10. What Are the Most In-Demand Jobs for Homeland Security Graduates?
11. What career paths can you pursue with an online master's degree in homeland security?
12. What Are the Long-Term Career Development and Networking Benefits of an Online Master’s in Homeland Security?
13. What professional certifications can complement your online Master’s in Homeland Security?
14. How can interdisciplinary learning enhance your Homeland Security expertise?
15. How do online programs leverage advanced technology for practical training?
16. How do law enforcement pathways complement a Homeland Security degree?
17. Financial Aid and Scholarship Opportunities for Online Master’s in Homeland Security
18. How to choose the right online Master’s in Homeland Security program?
19. How can you measure the ROI of an online Master’s in Homeland Security?
20. The Role of Homeland Security Education in Addressing Emerging Global Threats

Can you get a degree completely online?

Most higher education institutions offer online homeland security programs at the master’s level. You must fulfill about 30 credit hours to obtain this degree. You may also need to pass a master’s thesis or final examination. Additionally, some programs top up students’ distance learning experience with applied studies and physical apprenticeships.

Will employers take my online degree seriously?

Online students impress many employers. They understand its challenges, so they take online degree holders seriously because they know that they possess the characteristics they are looking for in an employee: focused, determined, dedicated, and hardworking.

Are online degrees recognized all over the world?

A homeland security program is one of the most prestigious online degrees in the country and the world. It prepares you for one of the most valuable professions to ever exist, as workers in this field are pertinent to the capability of a country to develop and survive. If you already have an online masters in public policy, taking this program will open more career opportunities.

Online vs. Traditional Master’s Degree in Homeland Security

Master’s degrees in homeland security allow you to become an expert in topics such as public safety and health, biosecurity, counterterrorism, international relations, and more. However, most students do not have the luxury of time to continue to work while studying. This is where the convenience of an online program comes into play. Here are some of its features that are as good as a traditional one.

Same faculty and same curriculum

Modern technology enables students to be taught by the same lineup of professors and enroll in the same curriculum as traditional students. Yet, some programs might need residency prerequisites with physical attendance. Internships, on the other hand, favor online students by offering these experiences in their employment location or local community.

Career advancement

A bachelor’s degree may be sufficient for you to land an entry-level homeland security career. However, a graduate study in this specialization can help you move up quickly and guide you in career exploration.

Is an online degree cheaper?

Cost plays a huge role in selecting the best master’s in homeland security degree. Online tuition rates are usually on par with their in-person counterparts. Always look at the real cost of a program, not just the tuition’s sticker price. Consider other expenses, including fees, but also financial help like scholarships.

Is an online degree as good as a regular degree?

Campus degree courses have more expansive availability compared to online ones, but this does not imply that online students receive lower-quality instruction. Like traditional programs, many online programs undergo an accreditation process. Accreditation ensures online degrees adhere to established standards in academic quality.

How much does an online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security cost?

Online and on-campus costs tend to be similar, granted that online degrees may charge additional technology fees. For instance, Pennsylvania State University World Campus offers a Master of Professional Studies in Homeland Security for $12,082 per semester (The Pennsylvania State University, n.d.). Pursuing this degree at a private university may cost students more.

Meanwhile, the U.S. government offers its own homeland security master’s program exclusively to local, state, federal, tribal, and territorial employees, plus active U.S. military officers. One may be entitled to free tuition, depending on what agency he or she works for.

Is an online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security worth it?

You may now be asking yourself, “Is a master’s in homeland security worth it?" The answer is yes.

Federal bodies, such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the Department of Homeland Security, and other intelligence firms all offer job opportunities. Other industries associated with vital infrastructures, such as IT and energy, also employ homeland security specialists to resolve security threats.

According to Payscale data, employees at the Department of Homeland Security earn an average base salary of $81,000 per year (Payscale, n.d.). A master’s in homeland security salary can get more competitive, too, if it comes with a technology-related specialization. If you want to pursue a related career in security, cyber security can be a good option. Start with our list of cyber security schools online.

What are the requirements for an online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security?

To help aspirants progress in their respective fields, online master’s in homeland security programs provide them with pivotal academic and pragmatic knowledge. Some requirements vary, but most colleges or universities, if not all, ask for the following:

Admission Requirements

1. An undergraduate degree from an accredited school
2. A GPA of 3.0 or higher
3. 1 to years of professional experience
4. Passing a background check

General Requirements

1. Official transcripts
2. GRE scores
3. Recommendation letters
4. A statement of purpose
5. A professional resume

What are the technological requirements of students for online learning?

You should have a well-functioning laptop or computer and a speedy internet connection so you can seamlessly attend classes for the best online master’s in homeland security. You are also expected to be skilled at performing basic computer tasks, such as internet browsing, word processing, sending emails, saving and managing files, and downloading or installing software.

You better start getting acquainted with other kinds of technology as well. In a 2021 article titled “Ghost guns: spookier than you think they are" and published in Injury Epidemiology, Garen J. Wintemute, director of UC Davis Medical Center’s Violence Prevention Research Program, describes a new weapon that may contribute to the rising incidence of firearm violence the U.S. is facing today.

“GhostGunner3 is a computer-controlled milling machine not much bigger than a desktop laser printer. The machine produces finished lower receivers for AR-type rifles or frames for Glock-type pistols at the rate of 1 every 35 min, and tooling for AK-type rifles is in development." Through this machine, users can create firearms easily in the comfort of their home, download the controlling code, and seek assistance via chatrooms. Manufacturing these guns would not even require huge investment and top-level technological skills.

Courses to Expect in Online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security

The program coursework of online master’s in homeland security programs commonly covers discussions on security and civil autonomy, political turbulence and terrorism, and globalization of threats and global security. Some also emphasize social justice and human rights. On top of that, these programs also typically lead up to a capstone course. Popular options include:

U.S. Homeland Security Policy. This course investigates present-day homeland security problems and gives a glimpse of the vulnerabilities and threats faced by homeland security professionals. Students learn how networks, organizational relationships, and institutions have revolutionized and how they work together to reduce threats.

Critical National Infrastructure. Students probe critical infrastructure that involves commerce, transportation, and energy. It helps students gauge risks and devise plans dealing with mitigation, response, and reclamation.

Introduction to Software and Network Security. Homeland security experts are trained to know the ins and outs of software and network security. This course examines the design fundamentals of network security and helps spot dangers and solutions.

Disaster Response and Community Health. Developed to respond to the demands of localized groups in disaster management, this course examines the rules that affect community health and national security. Students are tasked to take on fieldwork projects to design disaster response frameworks.

Strategic and Tactical Planning. In this course, students scout a nation’s overall strategic and tactical models. They study topics, such as critical infrastructure, marine defense, and cyberspace approach. They also study response plans and management apparatuses by utilizing real-life examples to mimic future response techniques.

Things to Look for in an Online Master’s Degree in Homeland Security

Normally mandating 30 to 40 credits or approximately two years of full-time study to finish, the best online master’s degrees in homeland security programs gravitate towards online classes, message boards, and group tasks. Give thought to the following components when hunting for a suitable program for you.

Availability in one’s location

Your residency may still be a deciding factor even if you take a master’s in homeland security online. You may pay higher non-resident tuition costs for a public school outside of your state.

Program format

Synchronous and asynchronous classes can make everything easier or more challenging for you. Accelerated programs can also make a huge difference for students who want to complete their degrees in less time.

Onsite requirements

Some online programs have onsite requirements, such as in-person modules and on-the-job training. Make sure that you can fulfill these before enrolling.

Accreditation

Like on-campus degrees, online programs should also be accredited to ensure quality. Doctoral program admissions and employers want applicants with degrees from accredited colleges or universities.

The Council for Higher Education Accreditation and the Middle States Commission on Higher Education are two of the most well-recognized accrediting bodies in tertiary schools.

Student support

Student support comes in the form of mentorship programs that guide students in their education and career endeavors and internships that help them acquire relevant professional experience. Other student support include tutoring and alumni networks.

Other considerations

Most programs require thesis or practicum completion. Ensure that your chosen course matches your career ambitions.

Best Online Master’s in Homeland Security Programs for 2025

Research.com has carefully picked the best online master’s in homeland security programs to come up with the 2023 rankings. We offer you this indisputable, all-inclusive, and apt school ranking to help you find the institution that can best serve you. You can potentially find the best degree for cyber security from this list.

1. George Washington University Online Master of Professional Studies in Homeland Security

The Master of Professional Studies in Homeland Security at George Washington University studies best practices in counterterrorism, intelligence analysis, and national security threats. It is ideal for applicants with a knack for law enforcement, private safety, public policy, emergency response, and the military.

1. Program Length: 16 months
2. Tracks/concentrations: Popular Public Affairs, Public Policy, Law Programs, International Diplomacy
3. Cost per Credit: $1,090
4. Required Credits to Graduate: 36
5. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education

2. Northeastern University Master of Arts in Security and Intelligence Studies

Northeastern University offers a Master of Arts in Security and Intelligence Studies that combines security, diplomacy, politics, and law to develop students’ skills. This program helps cultivate skills in analysis, intelligence collection, threat assessment, and policy evaluation, which can be applied to crisis situations.

1. Program Length: 2 to 3 years
2. Tracks/concentrations: Geospatial Services for Homeland Security, Organization and Infrastructure Continuity, and Port Security or Emergency Management
3. Cost per Credit: $726.67
4. Required Credits to Graduate:
5. Accreditation: New England Commission on Higher Education

3. Pennsylvania State University-Main Campus Online Master of Professional Studies in Homeland Security

With over 100 years of online education experience, Pennsylvania State University boasts of creating an online learning setup similar to face-to-face environments. This fully online course gives students an intricate outlook on homeland security concerns through geopolitics. It is open to bachelor’s degree holders and suits local, state, and federal officials.

1. Program Length: Varies
2. Tracks/concentrations: Government Policy, Operational Organization, Counterterrorism, Cybersecurity, Public Health, Agricultural Biosecurity, Information Security and Digital Forensics, and Geospatial Intelligence
3. Cost per Credit: $1,007 (for 11 or fewer credits)
4. Required Credits to Graduate: 33
5. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education

4.  American Public University Online Master of Arts in Homeland Security

American Public University offers more than 200 degrees and certificates, created with online learners in mind. Its Online Master of Arts in Homeland Security promotes strategic leadership skills and presents coursework in emergency management, homeland defense, and interagency government concerns.

1. Program Length: 8 to 16 weeks
2. Tracks/concentrations: Business Administration, Criminal Justice, Emergency Management and Public Health, Transportation Security, Counterterrorism Studies, Cyber, General, and Intelligence Studies
3. Cost per Credit: $370; $250 for students with military grants
4. Required Credits to Graduate: 36
5. Accreditation: Council for Higher Education Accreditation

5. Florida International University Online Master’s in Mass Communication in Global Strategic Communications

The Master of Science in Mass Communication: Global Strategic Communications program from Florida International University provides students with a comprehensive outlook of a dynamic industry. It puts an emphasis on thriving on digital expertise. It offers two program options, as well as an optional certificate in conflict resolution and consensus-building.

1. Program Length: 1 year
2. Tracks/concentrations: Mass Communication: Global Strategic Communications and Global Strategic Communications
3. Cost per Credit: $833
4. Required Credits to Graduate: 30
5. Accreditation: Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges

What Are the Most In-Demand Jobs for Homeland Security Graduates?

The job market for homeland security graduates is diverse and in-demand. To explore the various career paths available, visit what jobs can you get with a homeland security degree for a comprehensive overview of the field's career opportunities.

What career paths can you pursue with an online master’s degree in homeland security?

An online master’s degree in homeland security equips graduates with the specialized knowledge and skills required for high-stakes roles within both government and private sectors. These career paths address areas such as disaster response, cybersecurity, intelligence, and public safety. Here are some of the potential career options:

• Emergency Management Director. Emergency management directors are responsible for planning and coordinating responses to natural disasters and other emergencies. They collaborate with government agencies, nonprofits, and private organizations to establish protocols, conduct training exercises, and ensure preparedness. This role requires strong leadership skills and a comprehensive understanding of risk assessment.
• Intelligence Analyst. Intelligence analysts evaluate data related to potential threats to national security, including terrorism, cyber attacks, and international conflicts. Working within agencies such as the FBI, CIA, or DHS, they interpret and synthesize data to provide actionable insights for decision-makers. Analytical skills and knowledge of data security are crucial for success in this field.
• Cybersecurity Specialist. As cybersecurity threats continue to grow, specialists in this field protect critical infrastructure from cyber attacks. Homeland security programs with a focus on information technology and network security prepare students for roles that involve monitoring, identifying vulnerabilities, and responding to cybersecurity incidents.
• Transportation Security Manager. Responsible for ensuring safety across various modes of transportation, transportation security managers work in airports, ports, and railways to prevent potential threats. They oversee security personnel, manage screening procedures, and enforce transportation security regulations.
• Border Patrol Agent. Border patrol agents help protect national borders from illegal activities, including human trafficking, drug smuggling, and unauthorized entry. This role involves both fieldwork and policy enforcement, requiring strong decision-making skills and a deep understanding of border security protocols.
• Homeland Security Consultant. Homeland security consultants work with government agencies, businesses, and nonprofit organizations to enhance their security measures. They assess potential threats, develop security plans, and provide guidance on risk management. This role is ideal for those with expertise in crisis management and threat assessment.

What Are the Long-Term Career Development and Networking Benefits of an Online Master’s in Homeland Security?

Online programs in homeland security often extend their value beyond academic instruction by offering robust career development and networking resources. These programs may incorporate structured mentoring, regular career counseling sessions, and exclusive networking events with industry professionals and alumni. Engagement with institutional partnerships can facilitate direct access to potential employers and provide exposure to specialized fields, ultimately enhancing long-term career advancement prospects. Moreover, these career services help graduates strategically navigate market trends and negotiate competitive compensation, an approach that can be evaluated in context in our article on criminal justice degree online cost.

What professional certifications can complement your online Master’s in Homeland Security?

Professional certifications in homeland security and related fields validate specialized expertise while broadening career prospects. Recognized credentials, such as Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP), Certified Protection Professional (CPP), or Certified Emergency Manager (CEM), can provide an edge in a competitive job market. These certifications, when aligned with an online master’s degree, demonstrate a commitment to continuing professional development and adaptability in handling evolving security challenges. Evaluating the requirements and recertification processes ensures that these credentials effectively bridge academic learning with industry standards, ultimately reinforcing your professional profile and opening additional opportunities in adjacent fields like criminology careers.

How can interdisciplinary learning enhance your Homeland Security expertise?

Leveraging interdisciplinary approaches can equip Homeland Security professionals with diverse analytical tools and broaden their problem-solving capacity. Integrating insights from fields such as forensic science, data analytics, and communications fosters a comprehensive understanding of modern security challenges, ensuring that graduates can adapt to complex, evolving scenarios. For example, incorporating forensic methodologies helps bridge the gap between evidence-based investigations and strategic security operations, further enhancing decision-making capabilities. Interested readers may also explore the most affordable forensic science school programs to appreciate how complementary disciplines contribute to a robust security framework.

How do online programs leverage advanced technology for practical training?

Online Master’s in Homeland Security programs are increasingly integrating state-of-the-art simulation software and virtual lab environments to replicate real-life crisis scenarios. These tools provide hands-on experience with data-driven threat analysis and remote incident management, thereby enhancing strategic decision-making skills. Advanced digital platforms also facilitate interactive case studies and emergency response simulations, ensuring that graduates are prepared for complex operational challenges. Such technology-driven training models pave the way for graduates to transition into roles that offer opportunities in high paying criminal justice jobs.

How do law enforcement pathways complement a Homeland Security degree?

Homeland security programs not only focus on counterterrorism and emergency management but also intersect with crucial law enforcement roles. Graduates can leverage their advanced training to navigate legal frameworks, enhance situational awareness, and understand the operational protocols commonly found in public safety careers. This interdisciplinary approach equips professionals with administrative and practical skills that can be applied in roles ranging from advanced security operations to specialized positions in legal and court environments, such as court bailiff duties responsibilities. These programs are designed to foster collaboration with regulatory agencies and law enforcement bodies, ensuring that graduates can effectively contribute to a secure and compliant operational landscape.

Financial Aid and Scholarship Opportunities for Online Master’s in Homeland Security

Financing your education is often one of the most significant hurdles when pursuing an advanced degree. However, many online master’s in homeland security programs offer a variety of financial aid options and scholarships to support students in achieving their academic goals. Here’s what you need to know:

• Federal Financial Aid: Graduate students are often eligible for federal financial aid, including loans and work-study programs. Completing the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is your first step toward exploring these opportunities.
• Scholarships: Numerous homeland security programs and partnered organizations provide specialized scholarships for students pursuing degrees in this field. Look out for scholarships tailored to specific interests, such as cybersecurity or disaster management. Additionally, some universities have financial awards specifically for online students.
• Employer Tuition Assistance: If you're already working in a related field, inquire with your employer about tuition reimbursement programs or financial support for advanced education.
• Military Benefits: Active military members, veterans, and their families may find dedicated tuition discounts or benefits through programs like the GI Bill or Yellow Ribbon Program.
• Grants and Fellowships: While less common, some institutions and private agencies offer grants and fellowships for homeland security studies. These often include service obligations after graduation.

Understanding your financial options can significantly reduce the burden of tuition costs. It’s also helpful to explore accelerated programs, which usually have lower overall costs due to shorter completion times. For instance, if you wish to complete your degree faster, consider the benefits of one year online master's degree programs, as these are designed for efficiency and flexibility.

How to choose the right online Master’s in Homeland Security program?

Choosing the right online master’s program in homeland security is an essential step toward advancing your career in this critical field. With so many options available, it can be overwhelming to decide which program will best suit your educational and professional aspirations. Here are key factors to consider when selecting the best program for your needs:

• Accreditation and Reputation: Accreditation ensures that a program meets rigorous academic standards and is recognized by employers and other educational institutions. Always verify that the program you are considering is accredited by reputable bodies such as the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) or the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Additionally, consider the reputation of the institution offering the program. Well-regarded schools often have stronger alumni networks and are better positioned to offer valuable career opportunities upon graduation.
• Specialization and Concentrations: Many online homeland security programs offer different concentrations or specializations such as cybersecurity, counterterrorism, or disaster management. Choose a program that aligns with your specific interests and career goals. If you're particularly drawn to cyber defense, look for programs that offer courses in network security or cyber threats. On the other hand, if you're more interested in emergency management, seek programs that include coursework in disaster response and recovery.
• Flexibility and Format: One of the key benefits of pursuing an online degree is the flexibility it offers. Programs typically have different structures, including synchronous (live) or asynchronous (self-paced) classes. Assess your learning style and schedule to determine which format works best for you. Some programs also offer accelerated options if you're looking to finish your degree quickly, while others provide part-time or evening classes for those balancing work and study. Be sure to confirm whether there are any residency requirements or on-campus components that you may need to attend in person.
• Cost and Financial Aid: Tuition fees for online master’s degrees in homeland security can vary greatly between institutions. In addition to tuition, consider other costs such as technology fees, textbooks, and residency expenses. Many schools offer financial aid options such as scholarships, fellowships, and grants, which can help reduce the financial burden. It's also important to factor in potential job opportunities after graduation, as these may help offset the cost of your education in the long run.
• Career Services and Networking Opportunities: Online programs often provide access to a range of career services that can assist with job placement, resume writing, and interview preparation. Investigate whether the school offers internship opportunities, job boards, or networking events to help you connect with professionals in the field. Some programs also have strong alumni networks, which can be valuable for ongoing career development and mentorship.
• Technological Requirements: Ensure that the program uses reliable online learning platforms and provides students with access to necessary technology and resources. You will need a stable internet connection, a laptop or desktop computer, and basic software such as Microsoft Office. If you are pursuing a specialization in cyber defense or information security, the program should also offer courses that allow you to work with industry-standard software and tools.

By considering these factors, you can find an online master’s in homeland security program that not only fits your personal schedule but also enhances your career prospects. To learn more about similar online programs in related fields like biotechnology, explore our guide on online biotechnology master’s programs for additional insights on advanced degrees in highly relevant areas.

How can you measure the ROI of an online Master’s in Homeland Security?

Advanced metrics such as employment rates, salary progression, and practical skill transferability are key indicators of ROI. Prospective students should review verified alumni data and institutional career statistics to gauge tangible outcomes. Comparing program performance against emerging credentials – for example, the cheapest online cyber security degree – can provide valuable context regarding industry demand and market competitiveness. Evaluating program accreditation, student support services, and industry partnerships further refines the assessment of long-term career benefits.

The Role of Homeland Security Education in Addressing Emerging Global Threats

As global threats become increasingly complex, the need for professionals trained in homeland security has never been greater. Modern education in this field prepares graduates to tackle challenges ranging from cyberattacks to natural disasters. Online master's degree programs in homeland security are equipping students with the skills and knowledge to address these evolving threats effectively. Here’s how:

1. Cybersecurity and Cyberterrorism

• With the rise in cyber threats, homeland security education emphasizes defending against cyberattacks on critical infrastructure, government systems, and private organizations.
• Courses in cybersecurity provide students with technical expertise in identifying vulnerabilities and mitigating risks in a digital landscape.

2. Terrorism and Counterterrorism Strategies

• Programs delve into the root causes of terrorism and equip students with the tools to develop counterterrorism policies.
• Simulations and case studies offer hands-on experience in crisis response and policy-making.

3. Emergency and Disaster Management

• Homeland security education covers emergency planning, disaster response, and recovery strategies for natural and man-made disasters.
• Students learn how to coordinate resources and communicate effectively during crises.

4. Global and Domestic Policy Analysis

• The curriculum includes in-depth study of homeland security policies, both domestic and international, to understand how governments and agencies collaborate to ensure safety.
• This knowledge is crucial for roles in policy advising, public administration, and security analysis.

5. Flexibility for Working Professionals

• Many programs offered by online colleges for working adults are designed to accommodate students with professional commitments. These programs feature asynchronous courses and specialized tracks to allow working professionals to advance their careers without sacrificing their current roles.

6. Focus on Emerging Threats

• Topics like bioterrorism, climate change's impact on national security, and transnational crime are integrated into programs to prepare graduates for contemporary and future challenges.
• This ensures graduates are equipped to address threats that may not yet be fully understood.

Preparing for the Future

Homeland security professionals play a critical role in safeguarding lives and infrastructure. With the flexibility and comprehensive curricula offered by online colleges for working adults, pursuing a master's degree in homeland security provides the knowledge, skills, and adaptability necessary to face emerging global threats head-on.

Be an Instrument of Change by Getting an Online Master’s in Homeland Security

An online master’s in homeland security sets you apart from other candidates for one extraordinary reason: it manifests how dedicated you are to becoming a more effective professional. It also helps you become an instrument of change that other individuals, communities, and your country are looking for.

Getting a master’s degree, whether online or offline, may be demanding, but no one can deny the fact that it is a meaningful and worthwhile venture. After all, it can be your stepping stone toward entering booming and well-paying industries.

References:

1. eLearners.com. (n.d.). Homeland Security Masters Degree Online. Retrieved February 16, 2023, from eLearners.com.
2. G.I. Jobs Staff. (n.d.). Online Homeland Security Master’s Degree and Careers. Retrieved February 16, 2023, from G.I. Jobs.
3. Payscale. (n.d.). Average U.S. Department of Homeland Security salary. PayScale.
4. The Pennsylvania State University. (n.d.). Costs and financial aid. Retrieved February 28, 2023, from Penn State World Campus.
5. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023, January 17). Emergency Management Directors. Retrieved February 16, 2023, from U.S. BLS.
6. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023, September 8). Information Security Analysts. Retrieved February 16, 2023, from U.S. BLS.
7. Wintemute, Garen J. (2021, April). Ghost guns: spookier than you think they are. Retrieved February 24, 2023, from SpringerLink.