Best Biological Science Degree Programs for 2025

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Many people assume a biological science degree only leads to careers in academic research or healthcare, but the field offers a much wider range of opportunities. Graduates can work in areas such as agriculture, forensic science, wildlife conservation, food safety, and biotechnology. With over 61,000 biological scientists employed in the U.S. earning an average salary of $99,060, the demand for professionals in this field remains strong. In healthcare alone, roles like medical and health services managers offer median salaries exceeding $110,000, while specialized fields such as biostatistics and microbiology also provide lucrative career paths.

This article explores the best biological science degree programs for this year, helping prospective students choose the right path based on their interests and career goals. Prepared by experts in career planning, it highlights top schools, specializations, and industry trends to ensure students make informed decisions about their future in biological sciences.

What are the benefits of getting a biological science degree?

Diverse career opportunities – A biological science degree opens doors to careers in healthcare, research, environmental science, biotechnology, and forensic science. Graduates can work as medical scientists, biostatisticians, microbiologists, or wildlife biologists.
Strong earning potential – The median salary for biological scientists is $99,060, with specialized roles such as medical scientists earning around $100,890 and biostatisticians making approximately $104,860.
Expanding job market – The demand for biological science professionals is growing across multiple fields. Between 2022 and 2032, employment is projected to grow by 27% for epidemiologists, 8% for food scientists, 7% for biochemists, and 6% for both environmental scientists and animal scientists, reflecting strong career stability and opportunity.

What can I expect from a biological science degree?

A biological science degree provides a strong foundation in scientific principles, research methods, and analytical skills. Students take a mix of laboratory-based courses and classroom lectures, covering topics like genetics, neurobiology, molecular biology, and organic chemistry. Many colleges recommend taking chemistry early, as it helps in understanding biological processes.

Most programs include a capstone project and may require internships or research hours to gain hands-on experience. Tuition varies by institution, with in-state public universities averaging $7,070 per year, while private universities range from $25,000 to $50,000 annually. Online options are available for some courses, allowing flexibility in learning.

Where can I work with a biological science degree?

A biological science degree provides career opportunities in multiple industries, including healthcare, research, environmental science, agriculture, and biotechnology. Graduates can work in government agencies, private corporations, nonprofits, or education. Some pursue roles in science communication, public health, or policy-making.

Career paths depend on specialization. For example, biochemists research biological processes to develop new medicines, while genetic counselors assess hereditary conditions and advise patients. Environmental scientists study ecosystems and create conservation strategies, while food scientists improve food safety and production. In healthcare, professionals apply biological knowledge in roles such as medical sales, health education, and laboratory research. Regardless of the field, biological science graduates contribute to solving real-world challenges through scientific inquiry and innovation.

How much can I make with a biological science degree?

Salaries for biological science graduates range widely, from around $45,000 for entry-level positions to over $120,000 for experienced professionals in specialized fields. Biological technicians typically start at $52,713 per year, while senior roles in biotechnology, healthcare, and research can command six-figure salaries.

Industry plays a major role in earning potential. Biochemists and genetic counselors often work in healthcare or research, while environmental scientists and food scientists focus on sustainability and public safety. Advanced degrees also boost salaries. For example, medical scientists with a Ph.D. can earn over $100,000 annually. Professionals in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare management tend to have the highest salaries due to the demand for their expertise.

List of the Best Biological Science Degree Programs for 2025
How long does it take to complete a biological science degree program?
What is the average cost of a biological science degree program?
What are the financial aid options for students enrolling in a biological science degree program?
What are the prerequisites for enrolling in a biological science degree program?
What courses are typically in a biological science degree program?
What types of specializations are available in a biological science degree program?
How to Choose the Best Biological Science Degree Program
What career paths are available for graduates of a biological science degree program?
What is the return on investment of a biological science degree?
What is the job market for graduates with a biological science degree program?
What additional certifications can boost career prospects in biological sciences?
Should I consider healthcare-related certifications to expand career opportunities?
Can a Biological Science Degree Bridge the Gap to Kinesiology and Human Performance?
Can a Biological Science Degree Lead to a Nutrition Career?
Are affordable online biology degree programs a viable option?
Other Things You Should Know About a Biological Science Degree

List of the Best Biological Science Degree Programs for 2025

How do we rank the programs?

Paying for a degree is a significant investment, and our ranking methodology ensures that students can make informed decisions based on transparent, data-driven criteria. We evaluate programs using reliable sources such as the IPEDS database, Peterson's database, the College Scorecard database, and The National Center for Education Statistics. These sources provide a solid foundation for assessing program quality, affordability, and career outcomes for bachelor’s degree programs in biological science. For more details on our methodology, please visit Research.com’s methodology page.

1. Columbia University

The biological sciences program at Columbia University welcomes students interested in research, medicine, public health, and biotech. With a flexible curriculum, students can explore different concentrations and benefit from hands-on learning through lab courses and interdisciplinary collaboration. Academic advising helps tailor coursework to individual career goals.

Required Credits to Graduate: Varies by concentration

Cost: $66,139 per academic year

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE)

2. Purdue University

Purdue University features one of the largest biological sciences departments in the country. The program offers ten major areas of study, covering everything from molecular biology to ecosystem sciences. Students gain research experience in topics such as cancer modeling, host-pathogen interactions, and behavioral ecology.

Required Credits to Graduate: 120

Cost: $9,992 per academic year (in-state), $28,794 (out-of-state)

Accreditation: Higher Learning Commission (HLC)

3. Harvard University

Although best known for its medical and law programs, Harvard also offers a top-tier biology degree. Students can choose from specializations like Molecular and Cellular Biology, Chemical and Physical Biology, and Human Developmental and Regenerative Biology. The program emphasizes research and critical thinking, preparing graduates for diverse scientific careers.

Required Credits to Graduate: 128

Cost: $59,967 per academic year

Accreditation: New England Commission of Higher Education (NECHE)

4. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

MIT’s biology department offers an innovative curriculum designed for students pursuing careers in biotechnology, medicine, and academic research. With specializations in biochemistry and computational biology, the program provides hands-on training in laboratory techniques and problem-solving methodologies.

Required Credits to Graduate: 180 units

Cost: $57,590 per academic year

Accreditation: New England Commission of Higher Education (NECHE)

5. Stanford University

The biology program at Stanford allows students to explore various branches of life sciences, from genetics to microbiology. The first two years focus on foundational courses, after which students can specialize in their area of interest. Research opportunities and interdisciplinary projects are integrated into the curriculum.

Required Credits to Graduate: 180 quarter units

Cost: $64,260 per academic year

Accreditation: WASC Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC)

6. University of California, Berkeley

UC Berkeley is known for its strong biological sciences program, which combines rigorous coursework with hands-on lab work. The program covers topics such as evolutionary biology, molecular biology, and ecosystem dynamics, equipping students for careers in healthcare, research, and environmental science.

Required Credits to Graduate: 120

Cost: $14,395 per academic year (in-state), $44,467 (out-of-state)

Accreditation: WASC Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC)

7. Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins, often recognized for its medical school, also boasts a highly respected biology department. The program offers students access to 27 research laboratories and the option to pursue a five-year combined Bachelor’s and Master’s degree. It is ideal for those interested in biomedical research and healthcare.

Required Credits to Graduate: 120

Cost: $63,340 per academic year

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE)

8. University of Washington

At the University of Washington, biology students benefit from an interdisciplinary approach that blends classroom instruction with collaborative research. The program fosters a strong scientific community and encourages students to engage in fieldwork, laboratory experiments, and faculty-led studies.

Required Credits to Graduate: 180 quarter credits

Cost: $12,643 per academic year (in-state), $41,997 (out-of-state)

Accreditation: Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU)

9. Arizona State University

Arizona State University’s Biological Sciences program at the Tempe campus provides a comprehensive study of life sciences, from molecular biology to ecosystem interactions. Students gain practical experience through laboratory research and applied fieldwork, preparing them for careers in healthcare, genetics, and conservation.

Required Credits to Graduate: 120

Cost: $11,618 per academic year (in-state), $30,592 (out-of-state)

Accreditation: Higher Learning Commission (HLC)

10. Auburn University

Auburn University offers a unique Biological and Agricultural Technology Management (BATM) program that focuses on solving global challenges in agriculture, environmental science, and biotechnology. With a curriculum that integrates science, technology, and management, students develop practical problem-solving skills applicable across multiple industries.

Required Credits to Graduate: 120

Cost: $11,826 per academic year (in-state), $31,986 (out-of-state)

Accreditation: Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges (SACSCOC)

How long does it take to complete a biological science degree program?

A biological science degree typically takes four years of full-time study at the undergraduate level. However, the timeline can vary depending on course load, specialization, and whether a student pursues advanced degrees.

Undergraduate Degree

A bachelor’s degree in biological science usually takes four years to complete with full-time enrollment.
Students take core courses in biology, chemistry, physics, and microbiology, many of which include laboratory components.
Some universities offer accelerated programs that allow students to graduate faster or part-time options for added flexibility.

Advanced Degrees

Master’s Degree: Takes 1-2 years and is ideal for students pursuing careers in research, education, or specialized biology fields.
Ph.D. in Biological Science: Typically requires 4-6 years or more, depending on research complexity and specialization. Those interested in part time PhD programs can find options designed for working professionals.

What is the average cost of a biological science degree program?

The cost of earning a biological science degree varies significantly based on institution type and residency status. Tuition alone ranges from $15,000 to $53,000 per year, with total yearly expenses—including books, housing, and supplies—averaging $38,270 for U.S. college students.

Tuition Costs by Institution

Public Universities (In-State): Tuition averages $9,750 per year, with total costs reaching $27,146 for on-campus students.
Public Universities (Out-of-State): Tuition rises to $28,386 annually.
Private Universities: Students pay an average tuition of $38,421, with total yearly costs reaching $58,628 for those living on campus.

College costs have more than doubled in the 21st century, with tuition rising at an annual rate of 4.04%. Many biological science degree graduates go on to pursue medical careers, which often require additional education. For those considering this path, exploring the highest paying medical jobs can provide insight into career options that may help offset educational expenses. Public, four-year universities remain the most common choice for earning a biological science degree, with over 63,000 degrees awarded in 2022.

What are the financial aid options for students enrolling in a biological science degree program?

Students pursuing a biological science degree have several financial aid options, including scholarships, federal grants, student loans, and work-study programs. Exploring multiple funding sources can help reduce the cost of tuition and other expenses.

Scholarships

Many organizations offer scholarships specifically for students in the biological sciences. Universities, non-profits, and private foundations provide awards based on academic performance, financial need, or research interests. Students can also apply for general scholarships open to all majors.

To find opportunities, this website compiles lists of scholarships for students in various fields.

Federal Financial Aid

Government-funded financial aid programs are available for undergraduate and graduate students. These include:

Pell Grants – Need-based grants that do not require repayment.
Federal Direct Student Loans – Low-interest loans to help cover tuition and living expenses.
Work-Study Programs – Part-time jobs that allow students to earn money while studying.

University and Departmental Aid

Many universities have financial aid programs specifically for biological science students. Checking financial aid offices and biology department websites can uncover school-specific scholarships and assistantship opportunities.

What are the prerequisites for enrolling in a biological science degree program?

To enroll in a biological science degree program, students typically need a strong academic background in science and math, along with general education requirements set by their chosen university. Specific prerequisites vary by school, but most programs have common expectations.

High school coursework

A solid foundation in science and math is essential for success in biological sciences. Recommended courses include:

Science – Biology and chemistry are required, while physics may be recommended.

Math – Algebra, geometry, and trigonometry help build analytical skills.

English – Strong reading and writing skills are important for research and communication.

College admissions requirements

Universities may have additional admission criteria, such as:

GPA – Competitive programs often require a strong high school GPA.

Standardized tests – Some schools may ask for SAT or ACT scores.

Application essays – Many programs require personal statements explaining academic interests and career goals.

Additional considerations

University-specific requirements – Each institution has its own set of prerequisites, so checking individual program guidelines is important.

Transfer and international students – Transfer credits and English proficiency exams may be required for certain applicants.

In the context of career paths, those considering a shift into legal fields like environmental law, might also want to explore the environmental lawyer salary for insights into the financial aspects of this career. While it’s not directly related to biological science, understanding the potential earnings in various professions can guide future career decisions, especially when considering how biological sciences can intersect with law in areas like environmental protection.

What courses are typically in a biological science degree program?

A biological science degree includes a mix of foundational courses and specialized subjects that help students develop critical scientific skills. Coursework covers everything from genetics and cell biology to ecology and evolution, preparing students for careers in research, healthcare, and biotechnology.

Foundational courses

Students begin with core subjects that provide a broad understanding of biology:

General Biology – Introduces key concepts such as cell structure, genetics, and ecosystems.
Cell Biology – Examines cellular structures, organelles, and biochemical processes.
Genetics – Covers inheritance, DNA structure, and gene expression.
Evolution – Explores natural selection, speciation, and the history of life on Earth.

Specialized topics

As students progress, they can take more focused courses, including:

Biochemistry – Investigates the chemical processes that sustain life.
Microbiology – Studies bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.
Ecology – Analyzes interactions between organisms and their environments.

With the increasing intersection of biology and technology, some programs also offer computational biology courses, which are useful for those considering careers in high-tech biological research or exploring opportunities in fields like bioinformatics. Students interested in integrating biology with technology can check out this computer science jobs list and salary to explore interdisciplinary career paths.

Additionally, for students interested in pursuing a career in workplace safety or environmental risk management, such as an environmental health and safety manager career path, understanding biological processes and environmental science is critical.

What types of specializations are available in a biological science degree program?

A biological science degree offers various specializations that allow students to focus on specific areas of biology, from genetics and ecology to biotechnology and neurobiology. These specializations can prepare students for careers in healthcare, research, environmental science, and even interdisciplinary fields like bioinformatics and biophysics.

Common specializations

Microbiology – Studies bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms, with applications in medicine, public health, and biotechnology.
Neurobiology – Focuses on the nervous system, including brain function, neural networks, and neurological disorders.
Biochemistry – Explores the chemical processes within living organisms, crucial for fields like pharmacology and molecular biology.
Genetics – Examines how traits are inherited and the role of DNA in biological functions.
Marine Biology – Studies ocean ecosystems and marine organisms, often leading to careers in conservation or research.
Ecology – Investigates how organisms interact with their environments, which is essential for conservation and climate science.

Interdisciplinary paths

Some specializations merge biology with other disciplines, such as biotechnology, which applies biology to develop medical and industrial innovations, or gerontology, which connects biology with aging studies. Those interested in careers like a nursing home coordinator or aging research may benefit from exploring gerontology salary data for insights into this growing field.

For those interested in a career that involves teaching and working across cultural boundaries, exploring how to become an ESL teacher can also offer a unique interdisciplinary approach. This path combines language instruction with an understanding of cultural and biological diversity, which can be particularly beneficial in settings like international healthcare or global public health initiatives.

How to Choose the Best Biological Science Degree Program

Choosing the best biological science degree program depends on factors like accreditation, specialization options, research opportunities, and career outcomes. Prospective students should evaluate programs based on their academic strengths and long-term goals.

Accreditation and curriculum

Ensure the program is accredited by a recognized body, as this guarantees quality education and eligibility for graduate school or professional certifications. Look for a well-rounded curriculum that covers core subjects like genetics, microbiology, and ecology.

Specializations and career paths

Some programs offer concentrations in fields like biotechnology, marine biology, or environmental science. If you have a specific career path in mind—such as healthcare, research, or conservation—choose a program that aligns with your goals. For example, students interested in pursuing environmental engineer qualifications should look for programs with a strong emphasis on environmental science, sustainability, and engineering principles.

Research and internship opportunities

Hands-on experience is crucial in biology. Look for programs that provide lab work, field studies, or research opportunities with faculty. Internships with hospitals, biotech companies, or conservation organizations can also boost career prospects.

Flexibility and cost

Consider whether the program offers part-time, online, or accelerated options. Compare tuition, financial aid, and potential return on investment to ensure the program is both affordable and beneficial for your career plans.

What career paths are available for graduates of a biological science degree program?

Graduates with a biological science degree have diverse career opportunities in business, healthcare, environmental science, research, and education. Many careers combine biology with other fields, such as business or public health, opening doors to roles in industries like medical sales, biotechnology, and environmental consulting.

Business and industry

Biology graduates can work in the business sector, particularly in pharmaceutical or medical device sales, product management, and regulatory affairs. Roles like medical device sales representative, pharmaceutical sales representative, and quality control associate involve promoting and ensuring the safety of biological products. Those interested in management can benefit from earning an affordable online business associate's degree.

Healthcare and research

Many students use a biology degree as a foundation for medical careers, including roles as physicians, genetic counselors, and laboratory scientists. Other healthcare-focused jobs include occupational therapy, nursing, and medical illustration, which blends biology with artistic skills to create medical visuals.

Environmental and conservation careers

Those passionate about sustainability can work as environmental scientists, hydrologists, or marine biologists. Conservation roles like ecotourism specialist or wildlife biologist focus on protecting ecosystems and species.

Education and communication

Graduates can become biology teachers, museum curators, or science writers, helping to educate students and the public about scientific discoveries. Science policy and forensic science careers are also options for those who want to influence public policy or law enforcement through biology.

What is the return on investment of a biological science degree?

Analyzing ROI involves comparing overall educational expenses with starting salaries and long-term career growth. Graduates benefit from competitive compensation trajectories which can rise with experience and strategic skill development. Pursuing additional certifications—such as those offered via medical assistant certification programs—can enhance job readiness and accelerate financial payoffs. Moreover, strategic networking and hands-on industry experience contribute to improved earnings potential and career advancement, thereby strengthening the degree’s investment value.

What is the job market for graduates with a biological science degree program?

The job market for biological science degree graduates is expanding, particularly in healthcare, biotechnology, and environmental science. Many roles offer competitive salaries and strong growth potential, especially in specialized fields. Here are five in-demand career paths and their salary ranges:

Biochemist ($51,000 – $120,000 per year)

Biochemists study the chemical processes in living organisms, contributing to advancements in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. They often work in pharmaceutical companies, research institutions, or government labs.

Genetic Counselor ($52,000 – $98,000 per year)

Genetic counselors assess hereditary risks and guide patients through medical decisions based on genetic information. This field is growing due to advances in DNA testing and personalized medicine.

Medical Sales Representative ($55,000 – $120,000 per year, plus commissions)

These professionals sell medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, or biotechnology products to hospitals and clinics. Strong biology knowledge helps in explaining product benefits to healthcare providers.

Environmental Scientist ($48,000 – $110,000 per year)

Environmental scientists analyze data to address pollution, conservation, and climate issues. They may work for government agencies, consulting firms, or nonprofit organizations.

Radiology Technologist ($50,000 – $80,000 per year)

Radiology technologists use imaging technology like MRIs and X-rays to help diagnose medical conditions. With further specialization, they can advance to higher-paying roles in medical imaging.

Here’s What Graduates Have to Say About Their Biological Sciences Degree

From conducting research in a state-of-the-art lab to collaborating with experts in environmental conservation, I’ve been able to turn my passion for science into a fulfilling career. I now work in biotechnology, helping develop sustainable solutions for agriculture. — Jay

Studying biological sciences gave me a strong foundation for medical school. The coursework challenged me, but it also prepared me for the rigorous demands of healthcare. Now, as a physician assistant, I apply the principles I learned daily in diagnosing and treating patients. — Michael

I always wanted to work in science communication, and my degree helped me get there. Understanding complex biological processes allows me to translate research findings into engaging content for the public. — Lenny

What additional certifications can boost career prospects in biological sciences?

Pursuing specialized certifications can supplement academic credentials by providing practical skills that employers value. Certifications in areas such as data analysis, regulatory compliance, or healthcare administration can differentiate candidates in competitive job markets. For example, obtaining credentials through medical coding classes online can open alternative pathways in healthcare settings, enhancing roles that blend clinical expertise with administrative oversight. Evaluating program quality and industry recognition is key to ensuring these certifications contribute meaningfully to career advancement.

Should I consider healthcare-related certifications to expand career opportunities?

Integrating allied healthcare certifications with a biological science degree can diversify your skill set and open additional career pathways, particularly in fast-evolving clinical settings. For graduates interested in blending deep scientific knowledge with practical patient care, pursuing specialized training in allied health can be a strategic move. For instance, enrolling in a medical assistant school online program offers a cost-effective, flexible option to gain hands-on clinical competencies that complement theoretical learning. This targeted certification not only enhances your ability to support healthcare teams but also broadens your eligibility for roles that bridge scientific research and direct patient interaction.

Can a Biological Science Degree Bridge the Gap to Kinesiology and Human Performance?

Leveraging core biological science knowledge can provide a strong foundation for exploring human performance and wellness. Graduates can apply their understanding of physiology, molecular biology, and biochemistry to specialized sectors such as sports science, physical rehabilitation, and ergonomics. Combining traditional biological studies with focused training, such as pursuing an online degree in kinesiology, can open avenues in emerging fields where interdisciplinary skills are highly valued. This approach not only diversifies career options but also fosters innovation at the intersection of health and performance.

Can a Biological Science Degree Lead to a Nutrition Career?

A focused study in biological sciences builds a robust understanding of human physiology and metabolic processes that is directly applicable in nutrition. Graduates can leverage their analytical skills and laboratory experience to excel in research and practical dietary planning. Integrating specialized nutrition training or certification can further bridge the gap between core biological principles and clinical nutrition applications. For a detailed overview of the educational pathway, consider reviewing what education is needed to become a nutritionist.

Are affordable online biology degree programs a viable option?

Online biology degree programs offer a flexible alternative that can lower overall educational expenses without compromising academic rigor. Evaluating options based on accreditation, curriculum quality, and support services is essential to ensure that digital learning environments meet professional and industry standards. Prospective students should weigh factors such as interactive lab simulations, virtual internships, and peer collaboration against traditional offerings. For cost-effective alternatives, explore the cheapest online biology degree programs to identify programs that align with both budget and career aspirations.

Key Findings

A biological science bachelor’s degree takes four years, while advanced degrees require 1-6 additional years depending on specialization.
The average annual cost of a biological science degree is $38,270, with tuition ranging from $9,750 (public, in-state) to $53,000 (private) per year.
Core courses include genetics, microbiology, ecology, and cell biology, with specializations like biochemistry, marine biology, and neurobiology.
Career paths include biochemist, genetic counselor, environmental scientist, and medical sales representative, with salaries ranging from $48,000 to $120,000+ per year.
The biological science job market is expanding, especially in healthcare, biotechnology, and environmental science, with increasing demand for skilled professionals.

Other Things You Should Know About a Biological Science Degree

Is a biological science degree hard?

A biological science degree can be challenging due to its focus on complex scientific concepts, laboratory work, and extensive memorization. Students must grasp subjects like genetics, biochemistry, and physiology while developing strong analytical and research skills. Time management is crucial, as coursework often includes lab reports, fieldwork, and exams. However, students who are passionate about biology and willing to put in the effort find it rewarding and manageable.

Can you become a doctor with a biological science degree?

Yes, a biological science degree is a common pathway to medical school. It provides a strong foundation in subjects like anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry, which are essential for the MCAT and medical coursework. However, aspiring doctors must also complete pre-med requirements, gain clinical experience, and perform well in medical school entrance exams.

What are some common challenges biology majors face in college?

Biology majors often struggle with heavy coursework, complex lab work, and intensive memorization. Many students find balancing lectures, lab sessions, and independent research demanding. Critical thinking and problem-solving skills are also essential for interpreting data and conducting experiments. Time management and staying organized can help overcome these challenges.

Are there opportunities to work in research as an undergraduate biology major?

Yes, many universities offer undergraduate research opportunities in biology. Students can assist faculty in laboratories, participate in field studies, or work on independent research projects. These experiences help develop practical skills, strengthen graduate school applications, and open doors to careers in scientific research.