South Dakota Psychology Licensure Requirements – How to Become a Psychologist in South Dakota for 2025

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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Mental health is becoming a priority for South Dakota residents. In 2022, 26.6% of adults reported struggling with anxiety or depression, yet 22.6% of those who needed treatment did not receive it (Kaiser Family Foundation, n.d.). The lack of local mental health care practitioners is a major hindrance.

If you are considering licensure in South Dakota, you must understand the viability of a psychology career in the state. In this article, we cover the job outlook, the application process for a psychology license in South Dakota, and graduate psychology programs online or on-site offered by local schools.

Best Psychology Schools in South Dakota Table of Contents

1. Overview of the Psychology Industry in South Dakota
2. Educational Requirements for Psychologists in South Dakota
3. South Dakota Licensure Application and Renewal Process
4. What financial aid options are available for psychology students in South Dakota?
5. What opportunities exist for psychology professionals in South Dakota amid the mental health crisis?
6. List of Top Psychology Programs in South Dakota for 2025
7. Which Advanced Degree Option Best Aligns With My Career Goals?
8. Can I Pursue Board Certification as a BCBA in South Dakota?
9. What distinguishes a psychologist from a therapist in South Dakota?
10. Can an online master's degree help me become a psychologist in South Dakota?
11. Could a Social Work Focus Enhance My Psychology Career in South Dakota?
12. How Can I Pursue a Career in School Psychology in South Dakota?
13. How Can I Specialize in Criminal Psychology in South Dakota?
14. Alternative Career Paths in Psychology for Aspiring Professionals in South Dakota
15. What other licenses can I obtain in the field of psychology in South Dakota?
16. How Can I Transition to Addiction Counseling in South Dakota?
17. Is Dual Licensing in Psychology and Counseling Beneficial in South Dakota?
18. Are There Incentive Programs for Psychologists Serving Underserved Areas in South Dakota?

Overview of the Psychology Industry in South Dakota

With only 59 mental health care practitioners serving a population of 791,497, South Dakota is facing a 64% shortage of psychologists (Kaiser Family Foundation, n.d.). As such, job opportunities are projected to increase to meet the demand for mental health services.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, psychology instructors will experience a job growth of 14.3%, surpassing the 10.2% national average. Meanwhile, jobs will grow by 8.3% for clinical and counseling psychologists and psychologists in other niches, including those with graduate education in industrial-organizational psychology. This is expected to result in 40 in-state job openings annually until 2030 (Projections Central, n.d.).

It is also crucial to consider earning potential when assessing the viability of an in-state psychology career. While psychology license in South Dakota salary is lower than average, aspiring psychologists can still make good money working locally. With an average salary of $215,050, psychiatrists are the tenth-highest-paid professionals in the state. Meanwhile, psychologists in niche specialties, like those with an organizational psychology degree, make an average of $99,220 a year; clinical and counseling psychologists take home $86,190 (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, n.d.). Considering that San Diego residents can make ends meet on a $31,509 wage (Glasmeier & Massachusetts Institute of Technology, n.d.), pursuing psychology may be a practical career choice.

Educational Requirements for Psychologists in South Dakota

To qualify for a psychology license in South Dakota, you must meet the following educational requirements:

• Hold a doctoral degree in psychology from a regionally accredited institution in the United States or Canada
• Complete at least 1,800 hours of pre-doctoral supervised experience, served over two consecutive calendar years or less
• Pass the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP)
• Pass an oral examination administered by the South Dakota Board of Examiners of Psychologists (SDBEP)

It may take seven to eight years to complete these requirements through educational institutions in South Dakota.

South Dakota Licensure Application and Renewal Process

Requirements for licensure include a doctoral degree that is regionally accredited, psychology license in South Dakota application forms and fees, and passing scores on two pre-licensure exams.

Earn a Doctoral Degree

The first among the psychology license in South Dakota requirements is an accredited doctorate. A Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) in Psychology or a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) can satisfy this requirement. Your doctoral education may take between four and seven years to complete, depending on your specialization, course load, and whether or not the program has a master’s component. Regardless of degree type and specialization, your program must include a practical experience component accounting for 1,800 hours of pre-doctoral supervised experience.

Apply for a Psychology License in South Dakota

Once you have earned your doctoral degree, you can apply for a psychology license in South Dakota. To do so, you must have your initial application requirements sent directly to the Board of Examiners office. Online psychology license in South Dakota application services are not currently available.

At this stage, your submission should include a completed application form, cover letter, and documentation of a pre-doctoral supervised internship and required coursework. Templates for these documents are available on the Board website. You must also have transcripts from your doctoral program mailed directly from your alma mater (South Dakota Department of Social Services, n.d.).

Apart from submitting these documents, you will have to pay a license application fee. The psychology license in South Dakota cost, which includes the price of the required pre-licensure oral exam, is $300 (Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards, n.d.).

Pass the Required Licensure Exams

After the Board has reviewed your initial application requirements, you will receive email or written approval to sit for two exams: the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) and an oral jurisprudence exam.

The Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) is a national certification exam administered online by the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards (ASPPB). This exam tests for knowledge of psychological theories and their practical applications through 225 multiple-choice items. It is divided into two parts: part one, which tests for knowledge, and part two, which tests for skills. License applicants in South Dakota are only required to take part one of the exam and earn a scaled score of 500 to pass.

Once you have submitted your EPPP score for review, you will be called in for an oral exam facilitated by Board representatives. Through this exam, the Board will assess your grasp of professional and ethical issues related to the practice of psychology and related San Diego legislation. You must score 75% or higher for your oral exam results to count towards licensure requirements.

The examination requirements may be waived for psychology license in South Dakota applicants with an APA-accredited degree and an active license in another state (South Dakota Legislative Research Council, n.d.).

Request Provisional Licensure and Earn Post-doctoral Psychological Experience

Aside from earning passing scores on the EPPP and the oral licensure exam, the Board requires all license applicants to complete a year’s worth of post-doctoral psychological experience.

You will need a provisional license before you can start accumulating post-doctoral psychological experience hours. You can request this by mailing an application form to the Board. A provisional psychology license in South Dakota lasts 12 months, and you must complete the required work experience during this time (South Dakota Legislative Research Council, n.d.).

Psychology license applicants must complete 40 hours of supervised post-doctoral experience each week over 12 consecutive months. During this period, you will be able to participate in various patient-facing activities, assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and consultation under the supervision of a licensed psychologist. Two hours each month must be completed under direct and face-to-face supervision.

Once you have accumulated the necessary post-doctoral experience, you must submit documentation of this experience to the Board. Once received, the Board will review your complete application for a psychology license in South Dakota.

Receive Your License

If the Board finds your application satisfactory, you will receive a psychology license in South Dakota. Moreover, your credentials may be viewed online via the SD psychologist license verification portal, available on the Board website. The initial licensure fee will cost you $200 (Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards, n.d.).

Renew Your License and Complete Continuing Education

In South Dakota, psychology licenses expire annually on June 30. To renew, you must submit a renewal application form, pay a $300 renewal fee, and complete the required continuing education units.

The state of South Dakota requires complete license renewal applicants to complete 1.5 units, or 15 continuing education hours, each year. You may earn up to five hours each year from independent professional reading. At the end of each licensure period, you must submit a report of all continuing education activities with your psychology license in South Dakota renewal application (South Dakota Department of Social Services, n.d.).

What opportunities exist for psychology professionals in South Dakota amid the mental health crisis?

South Dakota is grappling with a critical shortage of mental health practitioners, a challenge that presents both a demand for qualified professionals and an opportunity for aspiring psychologists. While the state relies on fewer than 60 mental health care providers to serve its population of over 791,000, this gap highlights the importance of training the next generation of psychologists to address the growing mental health needs.

Institutions like the University of South Dakota, which hosts the state’s only accredited doctoral program in clinical psychology, play a pivotal role in meeting this demand. For prospective students seeking other options, exploring the best colleges for psychology in South Dakota can help identify additional programs that cater to their specific career goals and interests.

Moreover, South Dakota’s heightened focus on mental health opens pathways for psychologists in specialties such as addiction counseling, child and adolescent therapy, and rural mental health. Professionals entering these fields aren't just choosing a financially viable career path—they are also contributing to reducing barriers to mental health care across underserved communities.

Aspiring psychologists who continue to embrace this challenge can make significant strides not only in their careers but in closing the mental health care gap in South Dakota, fostering healthier communities statewide.

What financial aid options are available for psychology students in South Dakota?

Pursuing a psychology degree can be a significant financial investment, but students in South Dakota have access to various financial aid options to help offset costs:

• Federal and State Grants: Psychology students may qualify for federal grants, such as the Pell Grant, based on financial need. South Dakota also offers grants for residents, including the South Dakota Opportunity Scholarship for high-achieving high school graduates.
• Scholarships for Psychology Students: Scholarships specific to psychology are available through professional organizations, like the American Psychological Association (APA), and regional organizations. For example, the South Dakota Psychological Association (SDPA) offers scholarships and awards to support students entering the field.
• Work-Study Programs: Many universities, including the University of South Dakota, offer federal work-study programs. These provide part-time employment opportunities for students to earn money while gaining experience in research labs or university clinics.
• Loan Forgiveness Programs: After licensure, students may qualify for loan forgiveness programs, particularly if they work in underserved areas of South Dakota. The National Health Service Corps (NHSC) offers loan repayment assistance to licensed psychologists who commit to working in high-need communities.

Exploring these financial resources can make a psychology education more affordable, helping aspiring psychologists to focus on their studies and career goals in South Dakota.

List of Top Psychology Programs in South Dakota for 2025

Among South Dakota-based higher learning institutions, only the University of South Dakota offers an accredited doctorate psychology degree. However, aspiring licensees in the state may also earn their doctorate credentials remotely through psychology online graduate programs.

University of South Dakota

The Ph.D. psychology program at the University of South Dakota is accredited by the American Psychological Association (APA) and is the only doctoral program with APA accreditation in the state. The program can be completed within six years, either on campus or online, and students earn their master’s degree while working towards their doctorate degree.

The program is designed to provide students with a solid theoretical foundation and the skills to apply that knowledge in various professional settings. The rigorous curriculum includes coursework in core psychology, clinical psychology, and elective subjects, as well as at least two 9-12 month practicum experiences.

As a private research university, USD places a strong emphasis on scholarship. Graduate students are encouraged to join faculty-led research programs or to pursue independent research projects. Faculty members maintain active research programs in a variety of areas, including laboratory-based research, survey studies, and community-based field research.

Upon completion of the program, students earn a Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Psychology and are eligible to apply for a psychology license in South Dakota. As of the 2021-2022 academic year, 72% of all program graduates became licensed psychologists.

• Program Length: Six years
• Tracks/concentrations: Clinical Psychology, Clinical/Disaster Psychology
• Estimated Cost per Credit: $395
• Required Credits to Graduate: 106-118
• Accreditation: American Psychological Association (APA)

Which Advanced Degree Option Best Aligns With My Career Goals?

When evaluating advanced degree options, prospective professionals should assess program curriculum, clinical practicum components, and faculty expertise to ensure alignment with licensure requirements and career objectives. Compare offerings across doctoral and master's pathways to determine which program best integrates academic rigor with real-world clinical training. In doing so, consider factors such as state accreditation, graduate success rates, and industry partnerships that can enhance your professional credentials and marketability. Explore detailed comparisons, including those of masters in social work or psychology, to make an informed decision that meets South Dakota’s evolving mental health service demands.

Can I Pursue Board Certification as a BCBA in South Dakota?

Integrating a behavioral analysis certification can broaden your scope as a psychology professional in South Dakota. Board Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBAs) focus on designing and implementing data-driven interventions for individuals with behavioral challenges. This specialized certification, when combined with a psychology background, enables practitioners to address a wider range of clients by applying evidence-based behavioral strategies in clinical, educational, or community settings. For guidance on this pathway, explore how to become a BCBA in South Dakota.

What distinguishes a psychologist from a therapist in South Dakota?

Licensed psychologists in South Dakota are responsible for comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, designing treatment plans, and executing evidence-based interventions, all of which typically require a doctoral-level education. In contrast, therapists such as licensed clinical social workers or marriage and family therapists focus on delivering targeted support and counseling services based on specialized training and master's level education. For professionals evaluating these career paths, comparing the scope of practice, educational prerequisites, and licensure requirements is essential; for further details, please refer to Is there a difference between psychologist vs therapist?.

Can an online master's degree help me become a psychologist in South Dakota?

While a doctoral degree is the gold standard for becoming a licensed psychologist in South Dakota, an online master's degree in psychology can be a valuable stepping stone on your academic journey. Earning an online master's provides you with the flexibility to continue working while expanding your knowledge and skills in the field.

This advanced degree can equip you with expertise in specific psychology subfields, like child development, forensic psychology, or industrial-organizational psychology. Additionally, an online master's program can strengthen your foundational knowledge in research methods, psychological assessment, and ethical considerations, all of which are highly relevant for pursuing a doctoral degree in psychology.

For individuals with a bachelor's degree in psychology or a related field who are interested in furthering their education but may not be able to commit to a full-time doctoral program right away, an online master's degree offers a well-rounded and convenient option.

Explore our comprehensive guide to online masters in psychology to learn more about available programs, specializations, and accreditation details. 

Could a Social Work Focus Enhance My Psychology Career in South Dakota?

Integrating social work expertise with a psychology background can diversify your service offerings and strengthen your impact in mental health care. This interdisciplinary approach broadens your understanding of community resources, case management, and holistic patient support, thereby enhancing both treatment outcomes and professional resilience. For guidance on pursuing a complementary track, review What degree do you need to be a social worker in South Dakota?.

How Can I Pursue a Career in School Psychology in South Dakota?

School psychology integrates psychological expertise with educational practice to address the academic and socio-emotional needs of students across diverse settings. In South Dakota, this career path plays a critical role in rural and underserved school districts, where targeted assessments, intervention strategies, and collaborative consultation with educators are essential. Practitioners must complete specialized graduate training that emphasizes evidence-based practices, comprehensive assessment methods, and culturally responsive interventions. Engaging in hands-on fieldwork within local schools further solidifies the practical skills required for effective practice. For a detailed roadmap on qualifications, program requirements, and career trajectories, review our guide on how to become a school psychologist in South Dakota.

How Can I Specialize in Criminal Psychology in South Dakota?

The criminal psychology specialty integrates forensic methodologies with behavioral analysis to address legal and correctional challenges unique to the state. Professionals entering this niche are encouraged to complete specialized training modules, pursue forensic internships, and obtain targeted continuing education credits to meet South Dakota’s sector-specific requirements. For detailed steps on curriculum, practical experiences, and credentialing tailored to this field, review how to become a criminal psychologist in South Dakota.

Alternative Career Paths in Psychology for Aspiring Professionals in South Dakota

For individuals in South Dakota who aspire to work in the psychology field but may not want to pursue a full doctoral program, there are various alternative career paths that can still offer a fulfilling professional journey. These roles often require a master's degree or specialized training, and they provide opportunities to contribute to mental health care and other sectors where psychological expertise is in demand.

Clinical Social Workers and Counselors

Licensed Clinical Social Workers (LCSWs) and licensed counselors can provide mental health services, including therapy, diagnosis, and case management. These professionals typically hold a master's degree in social work or counseling, and they can practice in diverse settings, from schools to private practice to healthcare facilities. For those interested in helping others but not pursuing a doctoral degree, these roles offer a practical and rewarding option.

Industrial-Organizational Psychology

For those interested in applying psychological principles to the workplace, industrial-organizational psychology offers exciting opportunities. This field focuses on improving employee performance, assessing organizational structures, and enhancing worker well-being. An online master's in industrial-organizational psychology can be a great way to enter this growing sector without the need for a doctoral program.

Other Specializations

Aspiring psychology professionals in South Dakota can also explore roles in forensic psychology, educational psychology, or health psychology. These fields often require specific certifications and can be pursued with a master's degree in psychology. For example, individuals interested in criminal justice can pursue forensic psychology, where they assess and advise on legal matters.

If you’re considering advancing your career in psychology but are unsure about a doctoral program, exploring online master's in clinical psychology programs could provide the flexibility and focus you need to move forward in your career. These programs offer a range of specializations that can open doors to a variety of impactful roles.

By considering these alternative paths, aspiring psychologists in South Dakota can still make a significant impact on the mental health and well-being of individuals and communities without necessarily having to go through the lengthy process of earning a doctoral degree.

What other licenses can I obtain in the field of psychology in South Dakota?

In addition to a psychology license, there are other certifications and licenses that can be beneficial for a career in psychology in South Dakota. For instance, obtaining a MFT license in South Dakota can qualify you to work as a marriage and family therapist, providing counseling services to individuals, couples, and families. This license requires specific education, training, and experience in marriage and family therapy, and can be a valuable asset for those interested in working in this specialty. By exploring these additional licensing options, you can expand your career opportunities and provide a broader range of services to your clients.

How Can I Transition to Addiction Counseling in South Dakota?

Professionals with a background in psychology can explore addiction counseling as an alternative career path, which involves dedicated training, targeted certification, and supervised clinical experience focused on substance use disorders. State-specific requirements for addiction and substance abuse counseling differ from traditional psychology licensure, often emphasizing accredited coursework in addiction studies, clinical practicums in treatment settings, and adherence to continuing education standards. Detailed guidance is available on steps and qualifications needed for this specialization, including prerequisites, examination processes, and licensure protocols, as described in our comprehensive resource on how to become a substance abuse counselor in South Dakota.

Is Dual Licensing in Psychology and Counseling Beneficial in South Dakota?

Expanding your practice by acquiring an additional counseling license can open new service areas and offer a competitive edge in South Dakota’s evolving mental health landscape. Dual licensing enables professionals to integrate psychological assessments with therapeutic interventions, meeting diverse client needs while increasing practice flexibility. By pursuing complementary credentials, such as exploring how to become an LPC in South Dakota, practitioners can enhance collaborative opportunities in interdisciplinary teams and broaden treatment options in both clinical and community settings.

Are There Incentive Programs for Psychologists Serving Underserved Areas in South Dakota?

South Dakota’s notable shortage of mental health care practitioners has led to the development of targeted incentive programs designed to attract and retain psychologists in rural and underserved communities. These initiatives often include financial benefits such as loan repayment assistance, tax incentives, and relocation grants that help mitigate the costs associated with establishing a practice in less populated areas. Additionally, state-sponsored partnerships offer opportunities for enhanced continuing education sponsorship and access to local mentorship and networking programs tailored to support professionals transitioning into these roles. For individuals aiming to streamline their entry into mental health service roles, learning the shortest path to become a counselor in South Dakota can provide further actionable insights and guidance.

Should You Obtain a Psychology License in South Dakota?

Becoming a licensed psychologist can be challenging, but may be rewarding especially if you are in a smaller community like South Dakota. There are many things to do with a psychology degree in the state, from teaching to solving business problems to working one-on-one with patients. If you are passionate about helping others and making a difference in their lives, consider obtaining a psychology license in South Dakota.

Key Insights

• High Demand for Psychologists: South Dakota faces a significant shortage of mental health care practitioners, with only 59 serving a population of 791,497, indicating a 64% shortage. This shortage presents ample job opportunities for psychologists in the state.
• Job Growth and Salaries: Psychology instructors in South Dakota are expected to experience a 14.3% job growth, while clinical and counseling psychologists will see an 8.3% increase by 2030. Salaries for psychologists in South Dakota are competitive, with psychiatrists earning an average of $215,050 and clinical and counseling psychologists earning $86,190 annually.
• Educational Requirements: To become a licensed psychologist in South Dakota, you need a doctoral degree in psychology, completion of 1,800 hours of pre-doctoral supervised experience, and passing scores on the EPPP and an oral exam administered by the South Dakota Board of Examiners of Psychologists.
• Licensure Process: The licensure process involves earning a doctoral degree, applying for a license, passing required exams, completing post-doctoral experience, and submitting documentation for review. Licenses must be renewed annually with a requirement of 15 continuing education hours each year.
• Top Educational Program: The University of South Dakota offers the only APA-accredited doctoral program in the state. The program can be completed on campus or online and includes rigorous coursework, practicum experiences, and research opportunities.

FAQ

1. What are the educational requirements to become a licensed psychologist in South Dakota?

To become a licensed psychologist in South Dakota, you must hold a doctoral degree in psychology from a regionally accredited institution, complete at least 1,800 hours of pre-doctoral supervised experience, pass the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), and pass an oral exam administered by the South Dakota Board of Examiners of Psychologists.

2. What is the job outlook for psychologists in South Dakota?

The job outlook for psychologists in South Dakota is positive. Psychology instructors are expected to see a 14.3% job growth, while clinical and counseling psychologists will see an 8.3% increase by 2030. There will be approximately 40 job openings annually for psychologists in the state.

3. What are the average salaries for psychologists in South Dakota?

The average salary for psychiatrists in South Dakota is $215,050. Psychologists in niche specialties earn an average of $99,220, while clinical and counseling psychologists earn $86,190 annually.

4. What are the steps to obtain a psychology license in South Dakota?

To obtain a psychology license in South Dakota, you must:

1. Earn a doctoral degree in psychology.
2. Complete 1,800 hours of pre-doctoral supervised experience.
3. Apply for a license with the South Dakota Board of Examiners of Psychologists.
4. Pass the EPPP and an oral exam.
5. Complete 40 hours of supervised post-doctoral experience each week for 12 months.
6. Submit documentation of your post-doctoral experience for review.

5. How often must a psychology license be renewed in South Dakota?

A psychology license in South Dakota must be renewed annually on June 30. The renewal process includes submitting a renewal application form, paying a $300 renewal fee, and completing 15 continuing education hours each year.

6. What are the top psychology programs in South Dakota?

The University of South Dakota offers the top psychology program in the state, accredited by the American Psychological Association (APA). The program includes coursework in core and clinical psychology, practicum experiences, and research opportunities. It can be completed on campus or online within six years.

7. What exams are required for psychology licensure in South Dakota?

To become a licensed psychologist in South Dakota, you must pass the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) and an oral jurisprudence exam administered by the South Dakota Board of Examiners of Psychologists. The EPPP is a national certification exam that tests knowledge of psychological theories and practical applications.

8. What is the cost of applying for a psychology license in South Dakota?

The cost of applying for a psychology license in South Dakota includes a $300 application fee, which covers the price of the required pre-licensure oral exam. The initial licensure fee is $200, and the annual renewal fee is $300.

9. Can I apply for a provisional psychology license in South Dakota?

Yes, you can apply for a provisional psychology license in South Dakota to accumulate post-doctoral psychological experience. A provisional license lasts for 12 months, during which you must complete the required 40 hours of supervised experience each week.

10. How can I meet the continuing education requirements for license renewal in South Dakota?

To meet the continuing education requirements for license renewal in South Dakota, you must complete 15 continuing education hours each year. Up to five hours can be earned from independent professional reading. At the end of each licensure period, you must submit a report of all continuing education activities with your renewal application.

References:

• Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards. (n.d.). Licensing Fees. ASPPB The Centre. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from https://asppbcentre.org/spotlight/licensing-fees
• Glasmeier, A. K., & Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (n.d.). Living Wage Calculator Living Wage Calculation for South Dakota. Living Wage Calculator. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from https://livingwage.mit.edu/states/46
• Kaiser Family Foundation. (n.d.). Mental Health and Substance Use State Fact Sheets | KFF. KFF. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from https://www.kff.org/statedata/mental-health-and-substance-use-state-fact-sheets/south-dakota
• Projections Central. (n.d.). Long-Term Occupational Projections (2020-2030). Projections Central. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from https://projectionscentral.org/Projections/LongTerm?AreaName=%22south+dakota%22%2C+%22united+states%22&Name=psych&items_per_page=1000
• South Dakota Department of Social Services. (n.d.). Psychologist Licensing. South Dakota Department of Social Services. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from https://dss.sd.gov/licensingboards/psych/licensing.aspx
• South Dakota Department of Social Services. (n.d.). What is required for continuing education for South Dakota licensed psychologists? [PDF]. https://dss.sd.gov/docs/licensing/psych/Find_Continuing_Education_Information.pdf
• South Dakota Legislative Research Council. (n.d.). Codified Laws. Legislative Research Council. Retrieved September 20, 2023, from https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/36-27A-12
• U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (n.d.). May 2022 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm