How to Become a Substitute Teacher in Ohio for 2025

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

If you are interested in stepping into the classroom and supporting education in Ohio, becoming a substitute teacher could be the perfect opportunity. Ohio offers flexible pathways for individuals with various educational backgrounds to serve as substitutes, making it accessible for many aspiring educators.

This guide will outline the key qualifications, licensing options, and steps you'll need to take to start teaching in Ohio schools, helping you navigate the process with ease and clarity.

Key Things to Know About Becoming a Substitute Teacher in Ohio

Obtain a substitute teaching license from the Ohio Department of Education, typically requiring at least 60 college credit hours or a bachelor’s degree.
Complete a background check and fingerprinting, which are essential for ensuring student safety and compliance with state regulations.
Register with local school districts, as each district manages its own substitute hiring and may have specific requirements or training.
Prepare for flexible scheduling and potential shifts toward virtual substitute teaching options, reflecting evolving educational technologies.
Expect average daily pay rates around $85–$100, with increased demand in STEM and special education subjects forecasted for the coming years.

What are the basic requirements to become a substitute teacher in Ohio?
What training is required for first-time substitute teachers in Ohio?
How do you apply to become a substitute teacher in Ohio?
How much do substitute teachers in Ohio make?
How do you renew or maintain a substitute teaching certificate in Ohio?
What are the responsibilities of a substitute teacher in Ohio?
How flexible is a substitute teacher’s schedule in Ohio?
What are the licensure and certification steps for substitute teachers in Ohio?
What are the benefits received by a substitute teacher in Ohio?
What legal rights do substitute teachers have in Ohio?
What are the career advancement opportunities for substitute teachers in Ohio?
Other Things You Need to Know About Becoming a Substitute Teacher in Ohio

What are the basic requirements to become a substitute teacher in Ohio?

Ohio’s approach to substitute teaching is evolving, reflecting broader educational trends and increasing flexibility. The basic requirements to become a substitute teacher in Ohio highlight multiple pathways accommodating diverse backgrounds and future workforce needs.

Bachelor’s Degree Requirement: A minimum of a bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution is generally required, offering a broad eligibility base across subjects and grade levels.
Subject-Specific Licensing: Degrees in one of 33 approved subjects may grant a subject-specific license, allowing unlimited substitute teaching within that area and expanding opportunities with board approval.
General Substitute License: Candidates with non-education bachelor’s degrees can obtain a general license, typically valid for one semester with possible renewal, enabling flexibility in grade level assignments.
Temporary Non-Bachelor’s License: A one-year non-renewable license is available for those without a bachelor’s degree, requiring at least a high school diploma or college coursework, with district-specific criteria.
Application and Fees: The licensing process is streamlined through the Ohio Department of Education, costing $25 for a one-year license and $125 for a five-year permit, simplifying access for candidates.
Emerging Trends: Increasing district flexibility and potential future integration of online education credentials, such as a best online associate degree in education, may reshape qualifications further.

What training is required for first-time substitute teachers in Ohio?

Current training requirements for first-time substitute teachers in Ohio focus heavily on district-level orientation rather than statewide mandates. Emerging trends suggest districts will have increasing autonomy to tailor these onboarding experiences.

State-mandated training: None—Ohio does not require standardized pre-service training for substitute teachers.
District onboarding/orientation: Most Ohio districts require mandatory sessions covering classroom management, policies, and emergency procedures, but content varies locally.
Background check and fingerprinting: These are compulsory statewide prerequisites to obtaining a substitute teaching license.
House Bill 583 impact: From the 2024-2025 school year, districts can introduce additional training or orientation requirements, increasing variability in expectations.
Substitute teaching agencies: Some agencies offer optional training modules and professional development, though not universally required.

Given the decentralized nature of Ohio substitute teacher orientation program requirements, prospective substitutes should closely review district-specific guidelines before applying. For those interested in further professional development pathways, exploring the best online library science degree programs may offer complementary skills and knowledge valuable in educational settings.

1.35 million substitute teachers were available to work in 2023.

How do you apply to become a substitute teacher in Ohio?

Applying to become a substitute teacher in Ohio involves a detailed, district-centered process that is evolving with the state's increasing focus on digital readiness and local oversight. As districts take a more active role in hiring, the application steps reflect both traditional requirements and emerging trends in education technology.

Contact a School District or ESC: Begin by reaching out to the specific Ohio school district or Educational Service Center where you want to work, as each manages its own hiring process without a centralized system.
Gather Required Documents: Prepare essential paperwork such as a completed application, proof of work eligibility, identification, and your teaching certificate or substitute license if available.
Complete Background Checks: Submit to mandatory BCI and FBI fingerprint-based background checks, which are critical for district approval and can take several weeks to process.
Obtain Employer Approval and IRN: Request your employer’s Information Retrieval Number, necessary for your online license application, and secure the employer’s authorized e-signer approval.
Submit Online License Application: Use the Ohio Department of Education’s CORE system through your OHID account to apply for or renew your substitute teaching license, entering the employer’s IRN and selecting the correct license type.
Attend Orientation if Required: Participate in district-specific orientation sessions that increasingly emphasize digital skills and virtual classroom management, reflecting a shift toward blended and remote learning environments.

A substitute teacher from Ohio, who graduated from a local high school, shared her firsthand experience navigating this process. She recalled how initially, the absence of a centralized application system felt overwhelming, requiring patience to communicate with multiple offices and understand district-specific protocols. "Each step felt like unlocking a new door," she said, highlighting how important it was to stay organized and proactive, especially when waiting for background check results and employer approvals.

She also appreciated the growing emphasis on digital training, noting, "The orientation helped me feel equipped for remote teaching, which wasn’t something I expected when I started." Her journey underscores the layered yet manageable nature of applying to become a substitute teacher in Ohio, with a clear trajectory toward modernized, tech-savvy classrooms.

How much do substitute teachers in Ohio make?

The average substitute teacher salary in Ohio hovers around $19.31 per hour, which translates to roughly $40,161 annually. However, the salary range is quite broad, with most substitutes earning between $29,500 and $47,500 per year.

Those at the top end can make close to $59,000, reflecting differences in experience, district policies, and assignment length. Daily rates vary widely, with short-term substitutes typically earning $100 to $155 per day, while long-term substitutes may see rates as high as $190 to $200 per day.

Looking deeper into the median salary offers key insights. The median of about $40,000 can be misleading since many substitutes work part-time or sporadically. This means actual yearly earnings might be lower for those without consistent assignments. Yet, long-term or permanent substitutes stand a chance to approach or exceed this median. This dynamic highlights the importance of securing steady work or additional certifications to improve earnings potential.

When considering how much do substitute teachers make in Ohio compared nationally, the state ranks last among all 50 states. Ohio’s substitute teachers earn less than peers elsewhere, which could impact recruitment and retention. This gap may push districts to rethink compensation models in the future to remain competitive.

Given these trends, aspiring substitutes might explore flexible pathways, including pursuing a cheap online education degree to enhance qualifications and increase earning opportunities.

How do you renew or maintain a substitute teaching certificate in Ohio?

Renewing or maintaining a substitute teaching certificate in Ohio is increasingly digital and streamlined, with potential shifts toward more integrated credential management systems on the horizon. The process today emphasizes online accessibility and stringent background verification.

Secure Employment Commitment: Begin by obtaining an assignment or intent to work from a school, district, or Educational Service Center (ESC), and acquire the employer’s Information Retrieval Number (IRN) necessary for your application.
Complete Background Checks: Maintain up-to-date FBI and BCI background checks, with FBI fingerprints renewed every five years, verified through your OHID account.
Use the CORE System for Renewal: Log into your OHID account to access the Educator Licensure and Records (CORE) dashboard, where you can submit your renewal application, update personal details, and pay fees electronically.
Annual Reactivation Requirements: Some ESCs or districts may require yearly reactivation to stay active on substitute lists, often involving deadlines like May 1 to avoid removal.
License Conversion Options: Take advantage of options to convert your license to new grade bands such as PK-8 or 7-12 during renewal, reflecting Ohio’s evolving licensure flexibility.

Future developments may include more automated reminders, integrated digital IDs, and AI-driven validation to further simplify renewal while ensuring compliance with Ohio’s rigorous standards.

What are the responsibilities of a substitute teacher in Ohio?

Substitute teachers in Ohio play a vital role in maintaining instructional continuity and managing classrooms effectively when the regular teacher is absent. Their responsibilities are essential to ensuring a smooth learning experience and safe environment for students.

Implement Lesson Plans: Follow the lesson plans provided by the regular teacher to maintain instructional flow and meet learning objectives.
Maintain Classroom Management: Create a positive learning environment by managing student behavior and addressing disruptions promptly.
Supervise Students: Ensure student safety through active supervision throughout the school day.
Take Attendance: Keep accurate attendance records and report them according to school policies.
Communicate with School Staff: Coordinate with administrative personnel by reporting to the main office and sharing any important updates or incidents.
Adaptability: Adjust to various grade levels, subjects, and classroom dynamics, often with little notice.
Follow School Policies: Adhere strictly to district rules, professional ethics, and procedural guidelines.
Complete Required Documentation: Submit all necessary paperwork such as applications, licensure, and timesheets for payroll processing.
Professionalism: Exhibit reliability and punctuality, meeting assignment expectations consistently.
Feedback for Regular Teacher: Provide detailed notes on classroom activities and student engagement for the returning teacher’s reference.
Emergency Procedures: Be familiar with and execute emergency protocols including drills and lockdowns.

How flexible is a substitute teacher’s schedule in Ohio?

Substitute teaching in Ohio offers a unique level of schedule flexibility that continues to evolve. With districts increasingly relying on substitutes to fill gaps, teachers can expect to tailor their workdays around personal commitments, often choosing assignments that fit their availability.

The rise of on-call and as-needed positions means educators can maintain a dynamic balance between work and life, selecting opportunities from single-day jobs to extended placements.

Looking ahead, technology platforms may further streamline how substitutes access assignments, providing real-time updates and enhancing control over their schedules. This could empower educators to optimize income while preserving freedom, especially those juggling multiple districts or other responsibilities.

The growing openness to diverse substitute profiles—such as retirees and students—suggests a future where flexibility becomes even more personalized and responsive to individual needs.

When I spoke with a substitute teacher from Ohio who graduated locally, he reflected on this flexibility with appreciation and insight. “At first, it was a challenge juggling calls early in the morning,” he said, “but over time, I learned to set boundaries and communicate clearly with districts.”

He described how managing multiple assignments across schools required careful planning but also gave him freedom to pursue other interests. “It’s not a rigid 9-to-5 job; I can decide when and where to work, which has been invaluable for my family life.” His experience underscores how Ohio’s flexible system supports both professional engagement and personal well-being.

The average age of substitute teachers is 42 years.

What are the licensure and certification steps for substitute teachers in Ohio?

Prospective substitute teachers must navigate a multi-step process beginning with the evaluation of educational credentials, followed by mandatory training sessions and rigorous background screenings. Candidates are required to complete state-approved coursework, which prepares them for the unique challenges of classroom management and educational delivery. Detailed guidance on fulfilling these requirements is available via the Ohio substitute teacher licensing requirements. This structured pathway ensures compliance with Ohio’s educational standards while equipping substitutes with the essential skills to effectively support classroom instruction.

What are the benefits received by a substitute teacher in Ohio?

Substitute teachers in Ohio can access a range of evolving benefits as districts increasingly recognize their vital role. These incentives not only improve compensation but also support professional growth and long-term engagement.

Daily Pay Rates: Rates vary by district, with some offering increases after 60 consecutive days in the same assignment, reflecting growing acknowledgment of substitute contributions.
Employee Benefits: Eligibility for health insurance, retirement plans like STRS Ohio, and occasional paid time off is expanding, particularly for those in consistent roles.
Professional Development: More districts are providing training and workshops, which can lead to advancement opportunities and smoother transitions into full-time positions.
Referral Programs: Incentives such as bonuses and gift cards encourage substitutes to recruit peers, promoting community and retention.

Looking ahead, the benefits landscape for substitute teachers in Ohio may further align with full-time staff, especially as legislative changes influence long term substitute teacher rights Ohio-wide. This shift could enhance job stability and attract more qualified educators.

For those interested in advancing their credentials alongside substitute teaching, exploring the cost of masters in library science offers insight into affordable pathways for career growth within education.

What legal rights do substitute teachers have in Ohio?

Substitute teachers in Ohio navigate a unique landscape of legal protections shaped by evolving state laws and local policies. As educational environments shift, these rights are likely to adapt, reflecting broader changes in employment practices and instructional methods.

Licensing Flexibility: Districts can tailor educational requirements for substitutes, allowing more individuals to qualify under updated legislation like House Bill 583.
Employment At-Will with Protections: While substitutes serve as at-will employees, they retain safeguards against discrimination and are entitled to a safe workplace.
Criminal Background Checks: Completion of background screening per Ohio Revised Code is mandatory, ensuring student safety while potentially influencing hiring trends.
Temporary Licensing: The Ohio Department of Education issues nonrenewable, temporary licenses for those without traditional degrees but who meet district criteria, expanding access to substitute teaching roles.
Variable Benefits and Compensation: Pay and benefits vary by district, often limited compared to full-time staff, but future policy shifts may introduce more equitable arrangements.
Equal Rights in Online Teaching: Legal rights for substitutes extend to virtual classrooms, signaling ongoing integration of remote instruction in substitute roles.

What are the career advancement opportunities for substitute teachers in Ohio?

Substitute teaching in Ohio can open doors to various career advancement opportunities, especially as districts seek flexible educators who demonstrate commitment and skill. Exploring these options can help substitutes transition into more permanent roles or specialized educational paths.

Becoming a Fully Certified Teacher: Many substitutes pursue full licensure by completing additional education and certification requirements, allowing them to secure long-term teaching positions.
Long-Term Substitute to Full-Time Transition: Serving 60+ consecutive days in one assignment often leads to eligibility for benefits and can position substitutes for permanent roles within the district.
Specialized Instruction Roles: Experienced substitutes may advance into roles such as intervention specialists or subject-specific instructors, leveraging their classroom experience.
Professional Development and Leadership: Some districts offer incentives and training that prepare substitutes for leadership positions or curriculum development roles.

For those curious about what can I do with teaching degree options beyond substitute roles, exploring pathways to become a full-time teacher in Ohio is a logical next step. Career advancement for substitute teachers in Ohio continues to evolve, with districts increasingly valuing substitute experience as part of a broader educator pipeline.

To learn more about related educational paths, consider reviewing what can I do with teaching degree.

What do substitute teachers in Ohio say about their careers?

Completing my substitute teaching certification through the Cleveland Metropolitan School District program gave me a solid foundation and confidence to step into classrooms and make a difference every day. Starting my career as a substitute in a local school allowed me to experience diverse subjects and student backgrounds, which truly broadened my perspective. I love knowing that I play a vital role in keeping schools running smoothly even when regular teachers are away. Ohio’s strong community support for education has made this journey both rewarding and stable for me professionally. It’s fulfilling to contribute positively to the growth and well-being of young learners in my neighborhood. - Victoria

Reflecting on my time completing the program at Dayton Public Schools, I realize how much personal growth I’ve experienced by working as a substitute teacher in Ohio. The flexibility of substitute teaching has allowed me to explore different grade levels and subjects, and the experience has deepened my passion for education. Ohio’s rich cultural heritage and community diversity present unique challenges, but also extraordinary opportunities to connect with students from all walks of life. I truly feel like I’m part of something bigger, helping to shape the future one classroom at a time. - Carl

Starting my teaching career as a substitute in a local school has been an incredible professional stepping stone. After finishing the substitute program through Columbus City Schools, I found numerous opportunities for career advancement and professional development within Ohio’s educational system. The state’s investment in resources and teacher training programs really stands out, and I’ve been able to build a network of support among educators statewide. This role challenges me daily and keeps me engaged, while also allowing me to contribute meaningfully to my community’s educational success. - Raj

Other Things You Need to Know About Becoming a Substitute Teacher in Ohio

Are online substitute teacher training programs in Ohio legitimate?

When considering online substitute teacher training programs in Ohio, legitimacy and recognition by educational authorities are paramount. One of the most reputable options is the Ohio Department of Education’s approved substitute teacher training, which offers a comprehensive online course tailored specifically to Ohio’s requirements. This program ensures that candidates meet state standards and are well-prepared for classroom management and educational responsibilities.

Another widely recognized program is Substitute Teacher Training by A+ Texas Substitute Teachers, which, although based in Texas, is popular nationwide for its thorough curriculum and ease of access. While not Ohio-specific, many districts accept its certification due to its focus on essential teaching skills.

Choosing programs with state approval or widespread acceptance guarantees that the training will be recognized by school districts, helping aspiring substitutes meet Ohio’s qualification criteria efficiently and with confidence.

Is substitute teaching in Ohio considered full-time employment?

In Ohio, substitute teaching is generally not considered full-time employment due to the nature of the work and the employment classifications used by school districts. Substitute teachers typically work on an as-needed basis, filling in for absent teachers, which results in irregular schedules and hours.

According to the Ohio Department of Education, substitute teachers are usually hired as part-time or temporary employees without guaranteed hours or benefits, distinguishing them from full-time staff. The Ohio Education Association notes that substitute teaching assignments can vary widely in duration, from a single day to several weeks, but rarely provide the consistent workload typical of full-time employment.

Additionally, substitute teachers in Ohio often do not receive health insurance or retirement benefits, further supporting their classification as part-time workers. While some substitutes may accumulate enough days to approach full-time hours, this is uncommon and depends heavily on district policies and individual availability. Overall, substitute teaching in Ohio is best viewed as a flexible, part-time occupation rather than full-time employment.

What skills do you gain as a substitute teacher in Ohio?

As a substitute teacher in Ohio, you gain valuable skills that enhance your teaching abilities and professional flexibility. You develop classroom management techniques that help maintain a productive learning environment. Adaptability is key, as you often work with different age groups and subjects on short notice. This role sharpens your communication skills, enabling you to connect effectively with students, staff, and parents.

Additionally, you learn to quickly assess classroom dynamics and adjust lesson plans accordingly. Time management and organizational skills improve as you balance multiple assignments and prepare materials independently. You also gain experience in problem-solving and decision-making, often handling unexpected situations with confidence. These competencies are essential for a successful teaching career or other roles in education.

Overall, substitute teaching in Ohio offers practical experience that builds your instructional skills, professional resilience, and understanding of diverse educational settings.

Should you substitute teach before becoming a full-time teacher in Ohio?

Yes, substituting before becoming a full-time teacher in Ohio is often beneficial. It provides practical classroom experience and helps build confidence managing diverse student needs. Substitute teaching allows individuals to gain insight into daily school operations and teaching dynamics. This hands-on exposure can strengthen a candidate’s resume and improve their understanding of curriculum implementation.

Additionally, substitute teaching offers networking opportunities with school staff and administrators, which may lead to full-time job offers. It also helps aspiring teachers determine if the profession matches their skills and interests before committing to a long-term career. Ohio requires substitutes to hold at least a high school diploma and complete a background check, making it accessible to many prospective educators.

While substitute teaching is not mandatory, it serves as a valuable stepping stone. It bridges the gap between academic preparation and full-time teaching, enhancing readiness and employability in Ohio’s education system.

References:

Columbiana County Education Service Center. (n.d.). Substitute Teacher Training. CCESC
Elevate in Action. (2024). Do Substitute Teachers Get Benefits? A Comprehensive Overview. Elevate K12
Ohio Department of Education & Workforce. (n.d.). Substitute Teaching 101. OH DEW
Ohio Substitute Teacher Services. (n.d.). Types of Training for Substitutes. OSTS
Pickaway County ESC. (n.d.). The Ohio Center for Substitute Teachers. Pickaway County
Stedi.org. (n.d.). Becoming a Substitute Teacher. Stedi.org
The Master Teacher. (n.d.). Substitute Teacher Online Training. Master Teacher
Toledo Public Schools. (n.d.). Substitute Teachers. TPS
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2025). Occupational Outlook Handbook: High School Teachers. U.S. BLS
Zippia Team. (2025). Substitute Teacher Education Requirements. Zippia