How to Become a Substitute Teacher in North Carolina for 2025

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Facing teacher shortages in North Carolina, many schools struggle to maintain stable classroom environments. In 2023, the state reported over 1,200 vacancies for substitute teachers, highlighting a growing need for qualified professionals. Choosing a career as a substitute teacher offers flexibility, steady income, and valuable classroom experience in a region prioritizing education.

This article, prepared by career planning experts, explores certification requirements, application processes, and practical tips to help readers confidently navigate the path to becoming a substitute teacher in North Carolina.

Key Things to Know About Becoming a Substitute Teacher in North Carolina

Must hold at least a high school diploma or equivalent. Some districts prefer college credits or degrees.
Complete a background check and fingerprinting as required by the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction.
Submit an application directly to the local school district where you wish to work.
Obtain a substitute teaching license, which varies by district but often requires basic training or orientation.
Be prepared for flexible scheduling; substitute teachers in NC earn between $85 and $110 per day depending on location and experience.

What are the basic requirements to become a substitute teacher in North Carolina?
What training is required for first-time substitute teachers in North Carolina?
How do you apply to become a substitute teacher in North Carolina?
How much do substitute teachers in North Carolina make?
How do you renew or maintain a substitute teaching certificate in North Carolina?
What are the responsibilities of a substitute teacher in North Carolina?
How flexible is a substitute teacher’s schedule in North Carolina?
What are the benefits received by a substitute teacher in North Carolina?
What legal rights do substitute teachers have in North Carolina?
What are the career advancement opportunities for substitute teachers in North Carolina?
How can I transition from substitute teaching to full-time certification in North Carolina?
Other Things You Need to Know About Substitute Teachers in North Carolina

What are the basic requirements to become a substitute teacher in North Carolina?

Becoming a substitute teacher in North Carolina involves meeting several basic requirements that balance accessibility with essential standards. These criteria ensure candidates are prepared to support classrooms effectively, while allowing flexibility across districts.

Minimum Education: A high school diploma or GED equivalent is generally sufficient for most short-term roles, though some districts prefer candidates with at least 60 semester hours of college coursework or a bachelor’s degree.
Age Requirement: Applicants must typically be at least 18 years old, with some districts requiring a minimum age of 19 or 20 based on graduation status.
Degree Field: No specific degree or subject area is mandated, offering opportunities regardless of academic background, although relevant education can be advantageous.
Certification: A professional educator’s license is not required for most positions, but having a current or expired teaching license can open doors to long-term assignments.
Reciprocity: North Carolina recognizes certain out-of-state substitute teaching credentials, allowing licensed substitutes from other states to apply for reciprocity and possibly obtain a state teaching license.
Additional Requirements: Candidates must pass employment verification, background checks, and may need to provide a NC Health Certificate and TB test proof.

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What training is required for first-time substitute teachers in North Carolina?

Meeting the training requirements to become a substitute teacher in North Carolina ensures preparedness and confidence in the classroom. These steps reflect a thoughtful approach to maintaining quality education across diverse districts.

Substitute Teacher Training Program: Candidates without a current or expired teaching license must complete an approved substitute teacher training program, typically the Substitute Effective Teacher Training (SETT) or Effective Teacher Training (ETT) course, often offered online through platforms like App-Garden University.
Course Content and Certification: The training covers classroom management, instructional strategies, legal responsibilities, and emergency procedures; completion requires passing a quiz to earn a certificate, usually costing around $49.
District-Specific Training: Some districts, including Rutherford and Davidson County Schools, mandate their own online training completion and quiz certification before substitutes can start.
Orientation Sessions: After training and background check approval, substitutes may be required to attend a virtual or in-person orientation to familiarize themselves with local policies and expectations.
Application Documentation: Submission of a complete application packet is necessary, including the training certificate, negative TB test, and proper identification as part of district requirements.
License Exemptions: Individuals holding a current or expired North Carolina teaching license or experience as a teacher assistant or student teacher in the state are often exempt from these training requirements.

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How do you apply to become a substitute teacher in North Carolina?

Applying to become a substitute teacher in North Carolina requires careful attention to each step of the application process. Navigating district requirements and timely submissions ensures your candidacy moves smoothly toward approval.

Gather Documentation: Collect all required documents such as proof of education, government-issued ID, Social Security card, and professional references before starting your application.
Complete District Application: Fill out the online application fully, upload necessary documents, and provide a valid email for correspondence and background checks.
Submit Additional Forms: Some districts ask for extra paperwork like health records or TB test results, often requiring them in specific formats or sizes for online submission.
Background Check: After application review, districts will send a link for a criminal history check, which must be passed to proceed further.
Attend Training or Orientation: Approved applicants are invited to mandatory training sessions tailored to licensed or unlicensed substitutes.
District and Board Approval: Final approval often involves a review by the school board, after which candidates are added to the official substitute list.

A substitute teacher from North Carolina, who graduated from a local university, shared that while the application portal was straightforward, organizing documents and securing professional references posed an unexpected challenge. She emphasized the need for patience during the background check phase, recalling that “waiting for that email felt like the longest part.” The district’s clear communication and online training—particularly on virtual teaching—proved valuable. Reflecting on the process, she noted it was more than just paperwork; it was about feeling prepared to confidently lead a classroom.

This infographic highlights the national scale of substitute teaching, with more than a million substitutes available in 2023. Understanding this workforce context adds perspective as you begin your own journey—North Carolina’s application process may be rigorous, but you're joining a vital and widespread profession.

Around 1.35 million substitute teachers were available to workin 2023.

How much do substitute teachers in North Carolina make?

In North Carolina, the average substitute teacher salary reflects a wide spectrum. Substitute teachers typically earn between $28,200 and $45,400 annually, with some top earners making up to $56,345. At the lower end, salaries can dip to around $17,267, often due to part-time assignments or district disparities. When considering how much do substitute teachers get paid in North Carolina, daily rates also vary significantly based on licensure and assignment length, ranging from $90 for non-licensed substitutes to $200 or more for long-term licensed positions.

The median substitute teacher salary in North Carolina sits near $32,420 annually, with an hourly wage of about $16. This median figure reveals an important insight: while many substitutes earn modest wages, those holding teaching licenses or accepting specialized and long-term roles can substantially increase their earnings. This disparity highlights the value of professional credentials and strategic job selection in improving income potential.

Compared nationally, North Carolina’s substitute teacher salary landscape is notably challenging. Ranking 50th in the country, the state’s pay lags behind many others, even when adjusted for cost of living. For those considering this career path, gaining licensure and targeting districts with higher demand can be crucial steps. Exploring further education opportunities might also provide an edge, as seen in the list of most affordable online degrees in education.

The wage chart below reinforces how educational attainment directly impacts earnings. Substitute teachers with higher degrees, such as doctorates or master's, consistently earn more than those with less education. In a state like North Carolina, where wages already trail nationally, credentials can significantly close the income gap.

How do you renew or maintain a substitute teaching certificate in North Carolina?

Maintaining a substitute teaching certificate in North Carolina requires careful attention to professional development and adherence to state guidelines. The process ensures that substitute teachers stay current and effective in their roles.

License Validity and Renewal Cycle: Licenses are valid for five years, and renewal must occur before expiration to maintain eligibility for substitute teaching.
Continuing Education Requirements: Complete 8 Continuing Education Units (CEUs) or 80 clock hours every five years, with specific credit allocations depending on grade level or role.
Approved Professional Development: Engage in graduate courses or workshops aligned with your licensure area, supported by official transcripts or certificates of completion.
Renewal Application: Submit renewal through the NCDPI Online Licensure System, ensuring all LEA verification and certification steps are fulfilled.
Record Keeping: Maintain thorough documentation of completed CEUs and professional development activities to support your renewal application.
Local Support and Resources: Utilize district-offered professional development sessions tailored for substitutes, which can simplify meeting renewal requirements.
Personal Responsibility: Proactively track licensure status and renewal deadlines, as failure to renew results in loss of substitute teaching eligibility.

What are the responsibilities of a substitute teacher in North Carolina?

Substitute teachers in North Carolina play a vital role in maintaining instructional continuity and classroom management when regular teachers are unavailable. Their responsibilities ensure that students continue to learn in a safe and structured environment.

Delivering Lesson Plans: Substitutes follow the lesson plans left by regular teachers to keep students on track with their curriculum.
Classroom Management: They maintain discipline and a positive learning environment, addressing disruptions and ensuring student safety.
Taking Attendance: Accurate attendance is recorded and reported in accordance with school procedures.
Adapting to Various Subjects and Grade Levels: Substitutes must quickly adjust to different classrooms and age groups, often with little notice.
Supervising Students: Responsibilities may include supervising students during lunch, recess, or transitions between classes.
Communicating with School Staff: Effective communication with administrators, support staff, and sometimes parents is essential to report incidents or concerns.
Filling Out Reports: Substitutes provide notes for the regular teacher about lessons taught, student participation, and any issues encountered.
Completing Required Training: Non-certified substitutes must complete specific training programs like SETT or ETT before working in North Carolina schools.
Meeting Age and Education Requirements: A minimum of a high school diploma or GED is required, with age requirements varying by grade level assignment.
Upholding School Policies: Substitutes are expected to adhere to all school and district rules, including dress code and emergency procedures.
Engaging in Additional Duties (for higher pay): Certified substitutes may earn more by taking on extra responsibilities such as grading or parent conferences.

The chart below highlights the most common skills substitute teachers list on their résumés—ranging from classroom management and subject-specific expertise to bilingual education. These skills directly reflect the diverse responsibilities substitutes shoulder in North Carolina, showcasing the adaptability and range required to succeed in this role.

How flexible is a substitute teacher’s schedule in North Carolina?

Substitute teaching in North Carolina provides a high level of flexibility, allowing individuals to choose when and where they work based on their availability. This autonomy makes it an ideal option for those balancing other responsibilities, such as family, studies, or additional jobs, and offers a manageable entry point into the education field without the constraints of a full-time role.

Substitutes can also select preferred schools, grade levels, or subjects, which adds a personalized touch to the experience. While long-term roles require a more consistent schedule, day-to-day assignments offer the freedom to work occasionally or frequently depending on one’s needs. This adaptable structure is especially appealing to those exploring a career shift or seeking supplemental income.

A substitute teacher from North Carolina, who graduated locally, described the flexibility as both empowering and at times unpredictable. “At first, deciding which days to accept was daunting,” he shared. But over time, he learned to manage the online systems and schedule around personal commitments. “It’s not just about fitting in work; it’s about making work fit your life.”

The infographic below shows that 38% of substitute teachers aim to pursue full teacher certification—a clear signal that many see this role as a stepping stone. Staying on top of renewal requirements not only keeps you eligible but positions you well for transitioning into a certified teaching career.

Number of substitute teachers who want to pursue teacher certification.

What are the benefits received by a substitute teacher in North Carolina?

Substitute teaching in North Carolina offers more than just a paycheck; it provides meaningful benefits that support professional growth and flexibility. These advantages can vary widely depending on certification status, district policies, and commitment level.

Competitive Daily Pay Rates: Certified substitutes earn significantly more, with rates ranging from $135 to $159 per day, while non-certified substitutes typically make between $90 and $120 per day.
Potential for Increased Earnings: Reliability and extra duties like lesson planning can boost daily pay, rewarding dedication and professionalism.
Professional Development: Training programs such as Substitute Effective Teacher Training enhance skills and increase job opportunities.
Flexibility and Work-Life Balance: The role allows choosing when to work, ideal for those balancing other commitments.
Pathways for Advancement: Experience as a substitute can lead to full-time teaching roles, especially when paired with strong classroom management.

For those considering this path, understanding the benefits of substitute teaching in North Carolina helps set realistic expectations and goals. Additionally, if you are exploring further education options, knowing whether is online masters degrees in library science affordable can be valuable for long-term career planning.

What legal rights do substitute teachers have in North Carolina?

Substitute teachers in North Carolina navigate a landscape of rights shaped by employment status, credentials, and district policies. Knowing these rights empowers substitutes to advocate for fair treatment and understand their place within the education system.

At-will employment: Most substitutes are considered at-will employees, which means their contract can be ended at any time unless it violates anti-discrimination laws or specific agreements.
Procedural protections: Some districts provide access to grievance procedures and representation through teacher associations, offering substitutes a way to address disputes or wrongful dismissal.
Credential recognition: North Carolina honors licenses from other states if standards are met, allowing licensed substitutes to transfer their credentials smoothly.
Reciprocity for non-licensed substitutes: Even those without formal teaching licenses, such as individuals with a high school diploma, may be considered for substitute roles based on experience, though this is not guaranteed by law.
Union and civil service rights: In certain areas, substitutes benefit from union representation or civil service protections, which can influence employment conditions and dispute resolution.
Legal recourse and advice: When conflicts arise, substitutes are encouraged to seek guidance from employment attorneys to explore their options effectively within the local legal framework.

What are the career advancement opportunities for substitute teachers in North Carolina?

Substitute teaching in North Carolina offers valuable opportunities beyond temporary classroom roles, serving as a practical stepping stone toward career advancement for substitute teachers in North Carolina. The experience gained can open multiple pathways within the education system.

Becoming a Fully Certified Teacher: Many substitutes use their time in classrooms to gain experience and fulfill requirements for obtaining full teaching certification.
Long-Term Substitute Positions: These roles provide more stability and higher pay, often involving additional responsibilities that prepare substitutes for permanent teaching jobs.
Specialized Instruction Roles: Substitutes can leverage their skills into positions such as tutoring, special education assistance, or curriculum support.
Professional Development and Training: Engaging in ongoing training increases eligibility for advanced assignments and leadership opportunities within schools.

Choosing to substitute teach also allows individuals to explore what are the easiest teaching degree programs, helping align their next steps with long-term goals. These pathways to full-time teaching positions in North Carolina demonstrate how substitute teaching can be a strategic part of a broader educational career.

How can I transition from substitute teaching to full-time certification in North Carolina?

Advancing beyond a substitute role in North Carolina involves strategically enhancing your credentials. Educators can leverage state-approved certification pathways that focus on classroom management, effective lesson planning, and active student engagement. Targeted continuing education and specialized professional development initiatives further strengthen your readiness for full-time teaching. Ensuring compliance with the North Carolina substitute teacher licensing requirements is critical to meeting eligibility benchmarks and smoothly transitioning into permanent positions.

What do substitute teachers in North Carolina say about their careers?

Completing the substitute teacher certification program at Raleigh Charter High School truly opened doors for me to start my teaching career in a local school. The stability and flexibility of substitute teaching in North Carolina have allowed me to balance my family life while positively impacting students daily. I love the chance to bring fresh energy into classrooms and support diverse learners in our community. This role has deepened my passion for education and confirmed my commitment to helping young people reach their potential. Arnold
Starting as a substitute teacher in a local school gave me invaluable insight into the unique cultural and environmental aspects of North Carolina’s education system. Working in classrooms across urban and rural areas has challenged me to adapt my teaching methods and grow professionally. I appreciate how the state supports ongoing development opportunities, which have been essential for my career advancement. Being part of this community has strengthened my dedication to fostering inclusive and supportive learning environments. Lucinda
My experience finishing the substitute teacher preparation program at Charlotte Mecklenburg Academy helped me develop not only professional skills but also a deeper sense of personal growth. North Carolina’s rich diversity and resources have provided unique opportunities for me to connect with students from many backgrounds. Substitute teaching has been a fulfilling way to contribute meaningfully to the well-being of young people while exploring various subjects and grade levels. This career path has been both rewarding and inspiring as I continue to expand my impact. Devin

Other Things You Need to Know About Substitute Teachers in North Carolina

Are online substitute teacher training programs in North Carolina legitimate?

When considering online substitute teacher training programs in North Carolina, legitimacy and recognition by school districts are crucial. One of the most reputable programs is the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction’s (NCDPI) Substitute Teacher Training, which offers guidance aligned with state requirements. While NCDPI does not provide a full online certification program, it endorses specific training modules and resources that comply with state standards, helping substitutes understand classroom management and legal responsibilities.

Globally, Frontline Education offers an established online substitute teacher training program widely used across various U.S. states, including North Carolina districts. Their comprehensive modules cover essential skills and best practices, and many districts accept this training for eligibility. It is popular due to its interactive format and focus on practical classroom scenarios, making it a reliable choice for substitutes seeking flexible, accredited training.

Choosing programs with state endorsement or broad district acceptance ensures that training is legitimate and valued in North Carolina’s education system.

Is substitute teaching in North Carolina considered full-time employment?

In North Carolina, substitute teaching is generally not considered full-time employment. Substitute teachers are typically hired on an as-needed basis to fill in for absent full-time staff, which means their work hours and days can vary significantly. According to the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (NCDPI), substitutes are paid daily rates rather than salaried wages, which further supports the classification as part-time or temporary work. As of recent data, the daily pay rate for substitutes in North Carolina ranges from approximately $90 to $120 depending on experience and district, with no guaranteed minimum number of days worked annually.

Unlike full-time teachers who receive benefits such as health insurance, retirement plans, and paid leave, substitutes usually do not qualify for these benefits due to their intermittent employment status. Additionally, substitute teaching in North Carolina does not typically offer consistent hours necessary to meet the threshold of full-time employment under state labor regulations. Therefore, while substitute teaching provides valuable classroom experience and supplemental income, it does not meet the criteria for full-time employment in the state.

What skills do you gain as a substitute teacher in North Carolina?

As a substitute teacher in North Carolina, you gain a variety of valuable skills. You develop classroom management techniques that help maintain order and foster a positive learning environment. Adaptability is essential, as you must quickly adjust to different grade levels, subjects, and school cultures. Communication skills improve through daily interactions with students, teachers, and administrators.

You also enhance your problem-solving abilities by addressing unexpected challenges and student needs on the spot. Time management becomes critical as you plan lessons and complete tasks within limited periods. Additionally, you gain insight into diverse teaching methods and educational standards across various schools. These experiences build your confidence and prepare you for a full-time teaching role or other education-related positions.

Overall, substitute teaching in North Carolina equips you with practical skills that are highly transferable and valued in the broader field of education.

Should you substitute teach before becoming a full-time teacher in North Carolina?

Yes, substituting before becoming a full-time teacher in North Carolina can be beneficial. It provides valuable classroom experience and insight into the daily responsibilities of teaching. This experience helps candidates develop classroom management skills and adapt to different teaching environments.

Substitute teaching also allows individuals to build professional relationships within school districts. These connections can lead to full-time teaching opportunities. Additionally, substitutes gain a clearer understanding of curriculum standards and student needs in North Carolina schools.

However, substitute teaching is not a formal requirement for full-time licensure. Candidates must still meet state certification standards, including completing an approved educator preparation program and passing required exams.

Overall, substitute teaching serves as a practical stepping stone. It enhances readiness and competitiveness for full-time teaching roles, making it a recommended but not mandatory step in the North Carolina teaching career path.