How to Become a Mental Health Counselor in Norfolk, VA: Education Requirements & Certification for 2025

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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Becoming a licensed mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA, offers a strong opportunity to serve individuals, families, and communities in need of emotional and behavioral support. With mental health counselors in Norfolk earning an average annual salary of $73,967, the profession provides competitive compensation.

As demand for mental health services continues to grow locally and across the nation, Norfolk presents strong career prospects for professionals committed to client well-being and therapeutic care.

This article, prepared by career planning experts, provides a step-by-step guide on how to become a mental health counselor in Norfolk. It outlines the academic qualifications, supervised experience requirements, and licensure process governed by the Virginia Board of Counseling, offering aspiring counselors a clear path to practice for 2025 and beyond.

Key Benefits About Becoming a Mental Health Counselor in Norfolk, VA

• Mental health counselors are in high demand in Norfolk, with strong job growth projected through 2032 and over 100 local job openings regularly posted.
• Mental health counselors in Norfolk earn an average of $73,967 per year, with top earners reaching over $100,000 depending on experience and specialization.
• To become licensed in Norfolk, candidates must earn a 60-credit master’s degree, complete 600 practicum hours and up to 4,000 post-graduate clinical hours, and pass the NCE or NCMHCE.

Table of Contents

1. What are the academic requirements to become a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA?
2. Are there financial aid programs for mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA?
3. What is the licensure process for mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA?
4. Is there license reciprocity for mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA?
5. What counseling certifications can you get in Norfolk, VA?
6. What types of counseling specializations are in demand in Norfolk, VA?
7. What professional development opportunities support long-term success for mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA?
8. How much do mental health counselors typically earn in Norfolk, VA?
9. Are mental health counselors in demand in Norfolk, VA?
10. Where do mental health counselors typically work in Norfolk, VA?
11. Is it challenging to become a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA?
12. How does cross-training in substance abuse counseling impact mental health careers in Norfolk, VA?
13. Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA

What are the academic requirements to become a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA?

Pursuing a career as a mental health counselor in Norfolk, Virginia, involves meeting structured academic and clinical training requirements. These standards ensure you are well prepared to provide ethical and effective mental health services.

Below are the academic steps needed for licensure:

• Earn a Bachelor’s Degree: Complete an undergraduate degree, preferably in psychology, social work, or human services, to prepare for graduate study.
• Complete a CACREP-Accredited Master’s Program: Earn a master’s degree in counseling or a closely related field from a CACREP-accredited institution or an equivalent, with at least 60 graduate semester hours.
• Fulfill Required Graduate Coursework: Study core subjects including counseling theories, psychopathology, ethics, research methods, multicultural counseling, human development, and marriage and family therapy.
• Complete Practicum and Internship Hours: Accumulate at least 600 hours of supervised internship, including a minimum of 240 hours in direct client contact.
• Pass a National Licensing Exam: Successfully complete the National Counseling Exam (NCE) or the National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Exam (NCMHCE).
• Prepare for Post-Graduate Supervision: Complete between 2,000 and 4,000 hours of supervised clinical experience as required by the Virginia Board of Counseling.

Are there financial aid programs for mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA?

Aspiring mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA, can benefit from several financial aid programs designed to make graduate education more affordable. Below are key financial aid opportunities available:

• Vet Center Scholarship Program: Funded by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, this scholarship supports students pursuing licensure as Licensed Professional Mental Health Counselors. It covers up to two years of tuition and provides a $1,300 monthly stipend (as of 2024). Recipients must commit to six years of full-time service at a VA Vet Center.
• Virginia College Affordability Network (VCAN) Scholarship – Norfolk State University: This scholarship offers free tuition to eligible first-year students living within 45 miles of NSU who qualify for Pell Grants. While not specific to counseling, it increases access to education for low-income and underrepresented students.
• Graduate Assistantships – Old Dominion University: Students in the Clinical Mental Health Counseling M.S.Ed. program may apply for assistantships. These positions typically offer tuition waivers and stipends in exchange for part-time research or administrative work.
• Institutional Aid and Counseling Grants: Norfolk-based universities may also offer need-based or merit-based aid specific to graduate counseling programs. These vary by institution and application cycle.

To maximize funding, students should apply early for federal aid via FAFSA, consider part-time study or work in mental health fields for tuition reimbursement, and seek local scholarships that may have less competition. These strategies can lower barriers and support your journey toward meeting licensed mental health counselor requirements.

What is the licensure process for mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA?

Becoming a licensed mental health counselor in Norfolk, Virginia, involves a defined process that ensures clinical readiness and ethical competence. This path equips professionals to provide effective care in a variety of settings.

Below are the required steps for licensure in Norfolk, VA:

1. Complete a master’s degree in counseling or a related field that meets Virginia’s academic requirements.
2. Complete a supervised residency of 3,400 hours, including at least 2,000 hours of direct client contact, typically over two or more years.
3. Pass a national exam, either the NCE or NCMHCE, administered by the National Board for Certified Counselors. The NCMHCE is required for TRICARE reimbursement.
4. Submit your application to the Virginia Board of Counseling with a $175 fee and include a National Practitioner Data Bank report to verify professional standing.
5. Maintain your license through annual renewal and complete continuing education, including ethics coursework.

For those exploring educational opportunities, consider exploring best online counseling degree programs to find the right fit for your career goals.

Is there license reciprocity for mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA?

Virginia does not offer full license reciprocity for mental health counselors; instead, it provides a licensure by endorsement pathway. Counselors relocating to Norfolk must demonstrate that their out-of-state credentials meet Virginia’s licensing standards. This process ensures consistency in professional competency while allowing experienced counselors to transition into practice within the state.

Applicants must submit an endorsement application and provide verification of an active, unrestricted license from another state. They must also show that their education and supervised clinical experience align with Virginia’s requirements, which typically include at least 24 months of recent clinical practice.

Additionally, candidates may be required to pass the national counseling exam and undergo a criminal background check. While not automatic, this pathway enables qualified professionals to continue their counseling careers in Virginia with appropriate documentation and preparation.

What counseling certifications can you get in Norfolk, VA?

Counselors in Norfolk, VA can expand their professional reach by earning key certifications that support licensure, specialization, and national recognition. Below are the key counseling certifications available in Norfolk:

• Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC): This Virginia state license requires a 60-credit CACREP-accredited master’s degree, 3,400 hours of supervised post-graduate experience (including 200 hours of direct supervision), and passing either the NCE or NCMHCE. It authorizes independent practice, diagnosis, and supervision.
• National Certified Counselor (NCC): Offered by the National Board for Certified Counselors, the NCC is earned by passing the NCE and completing a qualifying graduate program. While not a substitute for state licensure, it enhances nationwide credibility and mobility.
• Certified Substance Abuse Counselor (CSAC): Ideal for those working with addiction treatment populations, this credential is issued by the Virginia Board of Counseling and requires specific education and supervised training in substance abuse counseling.
• Post-Graduate Clinical Mental Health Counseling Programs: Completing a CACREP-accredited master’s program, such as those at Norfolk State University or South University, prepares candidates for state licensure and future certification opportunities. These programs are foundational for long-term career advancement.

What types of counseling specializations are in demand in Norfolk, VA?

In Norfolk, VA, mental health needs are growing steadily, driven by both national healthcare trends and the city’s specific community challenges. Counseling professionals with specialized training are especially valued as local demand increases across multiple areas of care.

Below are the counseling specializations currently in high demand:

• Clinical Mental Health Counseling: Counselors in this field address a wide range of mental health conditions including anxiety, depression, and trauma. With job growth projected nationwide, these professionals serve in outpatient clinics, residential facilities, and private practice settings.
• Substance Use Disorder Counseling: Norfolk faces ongoing substance abuse challenges, creating urgent need for trained addiction counselors. These specialists lead interventions, support recovery, and work in both individual and group settings to promote long-term healing.
• School Counseling: School counselors play a vital role in helping students manage emotional, behavioral, and academic concerns. Rising rates of youth anxiety have increased demand for counselors in both public and private educational systems.
• ADHD and Anxiety Counseling: Focused care for ADHD and anxiety is especially sought after among families. Counselors offer coping strategies, behavior management, and family education to improve everyday functioning and emotional stability.

Pursuing one of these counseling specializations can open doors to meaningful careers in Norfolk’s growing mental health sector. For those seeking educational pathways, exploring the list of cheapest online phd in counseling degrees can be a strategic step toward gaining credentials that meet these demands.

What professional development opportunities support long-term success for mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA?

Mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA can enhance their careers by leveraging local professional development channels tailored to the evolving mental health landscape. Regional workshops, accredited seminars, and specialized certification programs offer practical skills and insights into innovative therapeutic practices, risk management, and client care strategies. Engaging with local professional associations and peer networking events further supports practitioners in staying abreast of regulatory changes and best practices. For detailed guidance on advancing licensure and career pathways, refer to how to become a therapist in Norfolk.

How much do mental health counselors typically earn in Norfolk, VA?

Mental health counselors in Norfolk, Virginia, can expect a solid and rewarding income that reflects both their expertise and the meaningful nature of their work. Salaries in this field vary based on experience, credentials, and specialization.

Entry-level counselors in Norfolk typically earn around $56,600 annually, while experienced professionals with advanced qualifications can reach up to $85,100 or more. Mental health therapists and clinical counselors generally report earnings between $66,000 and $85,000.

Top earners with specialized skills may earn close to $98,205, and some licensed professionals make as much as $109,816. The average salary for clinical mental health counselors is approximately $73,967, while mental health therapists earn around $74,328.

If you are considering advancing your career, exploring whether is getting a masters in counseling easy can be a helpful step toward higher earning potential and professional development.

Are mental health counselors in demand in Norfolk, VA?

The demand for mental health counselors in Norfolk, Virginia is strong and steadily increasing, in line with national trends. This growth is driven by a rising awareness of mental health needs and expanded access to behavioral health services. The profession is projected to grow significantly through 2032, offering strong job security and long-term career potential. Norfolk typically features over 100 active counseling job listings, reflecting a healthy and diverse employment market.

Average annual salaries in the area are competitive, hovering around $74,000, with opportunities to earn over $100,000 in senior or specialized roles. Counselors find positions in hospitals, private practices, and community-based organizations, allowing for varied career paths.

One local counselor noted that while her job search was initially challenging, the high demand ultimately gave her the freedom to find a role aligned with her professional goals and values.

Where do mental health counselors typically work in Norfolk, VA?

Mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA, work in a variety of settings that address the region’s growing need for accessible and compassionate care. Their roles span clinical services, education, and community outreach. Below are the most common employment environments:

• Healthcare and Hospital Systems: Counselors in hospitals and pediatric centers provide therapy, crisis support, and collaborate with medical staff to address emotional and behavioral conditions.
• Colleges and Universities: Higher education institutions employ counselors to support students through individual counseling, outreach programs, and referrals to specialized care.
• Community-Based Mental Health Programs: These professionals deliver outpatient therapy, facilitate group sessions, and help clients build coping skills for daily life challenges.
• Residential and Behavioral Health Services: Counselors in residential settings offer therapeutic support for individuals with complex needs, including developmental or behavioral conditions.
• Private Practices and Counseling Clinics: Many counselors work independently or in group practices, offering targeted therapy for issues such as trauma, depression, and family conflict.
• Telehealth and Hybrid Platforms: To improve accessibility, many Norfolk counselors offer virtual therapy, expanding reach while maintaining personalized care.

Is it challenging to become a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA?

Becoming a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA, involves a demanding yet fulfilling path marked by significant educational and professional requirements. Prospective counselors must earn a graduate degree in counseling with at least 60 credit hours, including 600 hours of supervised internship.

After graduation, they must pass either the National Counseling Exam (NCE) or the National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Exam (NCMHCE), followed by 2,000 to 4,000 hours of supervised post-master’s clinical experience to qualify for licensure as a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Virginia.

The process does not end at licensure. Counselors must complete 20 hours of continuing education annually to maintain their credentials. In practice, professionals in Norfolk must also manage diverse client needs, high caseloads, and administrative demands. Additionally, Virginia’s limited reciprocity policies can pose challenges for those moving into the state with an out-of-state license.

Despite these mental health counselor career obstacles Norfolk VA professionals face, the outlook remains very promising. Employment growth is projected at 18% nationally through 2032, reflecting strong demand.

For those exploring educational options, resources like what is the cheapest online masters in counseling degree program can help identify affordable pathways to start this fulfilling career.

How does cross-training in substance abuse counseling impact mental health careers in Norfolk, VA?

Additional specialization in substance abuse counseling can broaden a mental health counselor’s clinical toolkit, allowing for more versatile approaches to treatment and potentially enhancing client outcomes. Integrating these competencies not only deepens understanding of co-occurring disorders but also positions practitioners to address a wider array of challenges in community settings. For professionals interested in expanding their scope of practice, exploring how to become a substance abuse counselor in Norfolk can provide strategic insights and career opportunities.

What Mental Health Counselors in Norfolk, VA Say About Their Careers

Norfolk has been a great place to grow as a counselor. I started my career here and quickly found mentors and peers who genuinely wanted to help me succeed. The sense of community among professionals is strong, and that support has helped me feel confident and capable in my work every day. – Brianna

One of the things I appreciate most about counseling in Norfolk is the variety of clients I get to work with. From military families to young adults facing life transitions, no two days are the same. These experiences have helped me build real-world skills that I use every session. – Luis

Being a mental health counselor in Norfolk has helped me find true purpose in my work. The clients I see are open and ready for change, and it’s incredibly fulfilling to walk with them through that process. I also appreciate how easy it is to stay updated through local trainings and peer groups. – Carmen

Other Things You Should Know About Becoming a Mental Health Counselor in Norfolk, VA

How long does it take to become a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA?

Becoming a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA typically takes six to eight years. This includes earning a four-year bachelor’s degree, followed by a two- to three-year master’s degree in counseling or a related field. Candidates must also complete 3,000 supervised clinical hours and pass the National Counselor Examination. These requirements, set by the Virginia Board of Counseling, ensure counselors are well-prepared to provide professional and ethical care.

Is it difficult for mental health counselors to open a private practice in Norfolk, VA?

Opening a private practice in Norfolk, VA can be moderately challenging for mental health counselors. Barriers include fulfilling strict licensure requirements, securing startup funding, navigating HIPAA and state regulations, and building a client base amid established competitors. Despite these challenges, the city’s increasing demand for mental health services offers long-term potential for well-prepared practitioners.

Can mental health counselors diagnose in Norfolk, VA?

Yes, licensed mental health counselors in Norfolk, VA are permitted to diagnose mental health disorders. Licensed Professional Counselors (LPCs) may assess clients using tools like the DSM-5, provided they meet state licensure requirements. While they cannot prescribe medication, counselors must collaborate with medical professionals when treatment involves pharmacological care, ensuring a comprehensive and ethical approach.

Can you become a mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA without a degree?

No, becoming a licensed mental health counselor in Norfolk, VA requires at least a master’s degree in counseling or a related field. This is mandated by the Virginia Board of Counseling to ensure proper training and clinical competency. Those without a degree may explore related roles such as peer support specialists or behavioral health technicians, which often require certification but not advanced education.

References: 

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• Norfolk State University. (n.d.). Mental healthy counseling | SESL | Norfolk State Universe. Retrieved from NSU
• Old Dominion University. (n.d.). Counseling (M.S.Ed.). Retrieved from ODU
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