How To Become a Chartered Accountant: Salary & Career Paths for 2025

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Becoming a Chartered Accountant (CA) is a prestigious achievement, but the journey is notoriously tough. The exam has an extensive syllabus, a low pass percentage, and demands years of dedication. Many aspiring accountants struggle with its complexity, wondering if the effort will pay off. However, the CA designation opens doors to high-paying roles in auditing, taxation, and financial advisory, making the challenge worthwhile.

With accounting jobs projected to grow 6% from 2023 to 2033—faster than the average for all occupations—qualified professionals are in high demand. This guide, prepared by career planning experts, breaks down the steps to becoming a CA, helping you navigate the path to success.

Key Things You Should Know About Being a Chartered Accountant

Diverse Responsibilities – Chartered accountants handle auditing, taxation, financial advisory, and management accounting, ensuring businesses maintain compliance and financial stability.
Education and Certification – A bachelor’s degree in accounting or finance is typically required, followed by specialized training and certification exams.
Career Path and Progression – Becoming a chartered accountant involves completing a degree, gaining professional experience, passing certification exams, and continuously updating skills.
Industry and Salary Prospects – Chartered accountants work in finance, consulting, and corporate sectors, earning an average salary of $75,396 in the U.S., with higher earnings for senior positions.
Future Trends – AI, automation, sustainability reporting, and advisory services are reshaping the profession, increasing demand for accountants with advanced digital and analytical skills.

What does a chartered accountant do?
What are the education and degree requirements to become a chartered accountant?
What are the steps to becoming a chartered accountant?
What are the different certifications for chartered accountants?
How much do chartered accountants earn?
What are the career paths for chartered accountants?
How does the job market look for chartered accountants for 2025?
Is Investing in Further Education Worthwhile for Chartered Accountants?
What are the challenges and benefits of being a chartered accountant?
How can I balance the financial investment for chartered accountancy education?
How do you choose the best chartered accountancy certification for your goals?
What are the ethical responsibilities of a chartered accountant?
What are the future trends in chartered accountancy?
What soft skills are essential for success as a chartered accountant?
Can combining an MBA with your CA qualification accelerate career growth?
What interdisciplinary degrees can boost a CA’s strategic edge?
Other Things You Should Know About Being a Chartered Accountant

What does a chartered accountant do?

A chartered accountant is a financial expert responsible for auditing financial statements, filing corporate taxes, and providing financial advice. They ensure businesses comply with financial regulations and maintain accurate records.

Key Responsibilities

Chartered accountants handle various financial tasks across different industries. Their main duties include:

Auditing and Compliance – Reviewing financial statements to ensure accuracy and adherence to legal requirements.
Taxation – Preparing and filing corporate tax returns while advising businesses on tax-saving strategies.
Financial Advisory – Helping clients manage investments, reduce risks, and improve financial performance.
Management Accounting – Analyzing financial data to guide business decisions and optimize costs.

Work Environment

CAs work in public accounting firms, corporate finance departments, government agencies, or as independent consultants. In the U.S., they need specific credentials to offer tax, audit, and advisory services legally. With expertise in financial reporting, compliance, and strategic planning, chartered accountants play a crucial role in maintaining business stability and growth.

In the same way someone might ask how do you become a GIS specialist to pursue a data-driven career in mapping and spatial analysis, becoming a chartered accountant starts with specialized education, professional certification, and hands-on experience in the financial field.

What are the education and degree requirements to become a chartered accountant?

Becoming a chartered accountant requires completing a focused undergraduate degree in accounting, finance, or business administration. This foundation provides essential financial knowledge and prepares candidates for professional certification.

Undergraduate Education

Most chartered accountant programs require a bachelor’s degree as a minimum qualification. While a degree in accounting is ideal, related fields such as finance, economics, or business administration may also be accepted. Some employers prefer candidates with a master’s degree to demonstrate advanced expertise.

Many universities offer internships or work experience programs as part of their accounting curriculum. These opportunities allow students to gain hands-on experience and build industry connections before pursuing certification.

Continuous Learning and Professional Development

Even after earning a degree and certification, chartered accountants must stay updated on industry trends, tax laws, and financial regulations. Many professional organizations require continuing education to maintain licensure and ensure accountants remain skilled in an evolving financial landscape.

For those comparing career options, reviewing CPA salary data can help assess the differences between a CA and CPA designation. While both roles involve auditing, taxation, and financial management, their licensing requirements and industry recognition vary.

What are the steps to becoming a chartered accountant?

Becoming a chartered accountant requires a combination of education, training, and work experience. The process typically takes several years, but each step builds essential skills and qualifications for a successful career in accounting. Interestingly, many of these steps also overlap with related roles in financial investigation—such as those found in guides on how to become a fraud investigator—making this path versatile for various finance-related careers.

Earn a bachelor’s degree

A bachelor’s degree in accounting, finance, or a related field is the first requirement. This degree provides foundational knowledge in financial reporting, taxation, and business regulations. Some programs include internship opportunities, which can offer early industry exposure.

Complete an internship

Internships help develop practical accounting skills and often lead to full-time job offers, especially in large firms. Gaining real-world experience is crucial for meeting licensing and certification requirements.

Enroll in a chartered accounting program

To qualify as a chartered accountant, candidates must complete a specialized training program. This involves coursework and professional exams that assess knowledge in accounting, auditing, business law, and taxation.

Gain professional experience

Most chartered accountant certifications require at least three years of work experience under an approved employer. This hands-on training helps develop technical and managerial skills needed for senior roles.

Consider a master’s degree

Although not mandatory, a master’s degree in accounting can provide advanced expertise and open doors to higher-paying positions.

For those interested in international opportunities, networking is essential. Connecting with global organizations like Chartered Accountants Worldwide Network USA can help professionals explore job prospects and career growth beyond their home country.

What are the different certifications for chartered accountants?

Chartered accountants can pursue various certifications to expand their expertise and career opportunities. These credentials enhance specialization in areas like financial analysis, management accounting, auditing, and taxation.

General accounting and finance certifications

Certified Financial Analyst (CFA) – Ideal for professionals in investment management and financial analysis.
Certified Management Accountant (CMA) – Focuses on financial planning, management accounting, and decision-making.
Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) – Specializes in internal auditing, risk management, and governance.
Chartered Global Management Accountant (CGMA) – Recognized internationally for expertise in global management accounting.

Specialized certifications

Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE) – Demonstrates expertise in detecting and preventing fraud.
Financial Risk Manager (FRM) – Focuses on risk management in financial institutions.
Certified Government Financial Manager (CGFM) – Specializes in government accounting and financial management.
Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) – Verifies proficiency in IT audits and information security.

Selecting the right certification depends on career goals, specialization, and eligibility requirements. Some chartered accountants also consider additional education, such as enrolling in the easiest MBA program, to enhance their credentials and career prospects.

How much do chartered accountants earn?

Chartered accountants in the United States earn an average annual salary of $75,396 as of March 2025. Salaries typically range from $62,237 to $90,520, with most professionals earning between $68,508 and $83,313.

Salary based on experience

Entry-level (0-2 years): $50,000 to $70,000
Early-career (2-5 years): $70,000 to $95,000
Mid-level (5-10 years): $95,400 to $110,000
Experienced (10-15 years): $110,000 to $122,000
Senior-level (15-20 years): $120,000 to $130,000
Executive (20+ years): Over $130,000

Salary based on education

Certificate or diploma in accounting or finance: $30,000 to $65,000
Bachelor’s degree in accounting: $45,000 to $129,000
Master’s degree in accounting: $50,000 to $150,000

Those with a PhD often qualify for executive positions, earning over $150,000 annually. For professionals looking to boost their credentials, pursuing the cheapest online master's in finance can be a cost-effective way to advance in the field.

What are the career paths for chartered accountants?

Chartered accountants have diverse career paths in both public practice and industry, with opportunities to specialize in areas such as audit, tax, corporate finance, and management accounting.

Careers in public practice

Many chartered accountants begin their careers in accounting firms, where they follow a structured progression:

Trainee or graduate accountant: Focuses on learning accounting, audit, and tax while preparing for certification.
Senior accountant or auditor: Manages more complex tasks and supervises junior staff.
Manager: Oversees projects, manages teams, and interacts with clients.
Senior manager or director: Engages in strategic planning, business development, and high-level client management.
Partner: Becomes part-owner of the firm, making key business decisions.

Specializations in public practice include:

Audit: Ensures financial statements comply with regulations.
Tax: Advises on tax planning and compliance.
Corporate finance: Assists in mergers, acquisitions, and financial strategies.
Forensic accounting: Investigates financial fraud and disputes.
Insolvency: Manages corporate restructuring and liquidations.

Careers in industry

Moving into industry provides opportunities in private companies, multinational corporations, and financial institutions. Key roles include:

Financial accountant: Manages financial reporting and compliance.
Management accountant: Analyzes financial data to support business decisions.
Internal auditor: Evaluates risks and ensures regulatory compliance.
Commercial analyst: Provides financial insights for strategic planning.

Chartered accountants looking to transition into industry can explore the auditor job outlook to assess career prospects in financial oversight and risk management.

How does the job market look for chartered accountants for 2025?

The job market for chartered accountants in 2025 remains strong, with steady demand across industries. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, accounting jobs are expected to grow by 6% from 2023 to 2033, adding over 91,000 new positions.

Career opportunities

Chartered accountants have versatile career paths, working in both the public and private sectors. They can find roles in:

Financial accounting: Involves preparing financial statements, ensuring compliance, and managing financial reporting for businesses or government agencies.
Management accounting: Focuses on financial planning, risk assessment, and decision-making within organizations.

Global demand

Chartered accountants are highly valued worldwide, with 97% of top global brands employing them. There are also over 3,300 authorized training employers globally, providing strong international career prospects.

For those seeking roles in top firms, the Big Four offer competitive opportunities in auditing, consulting, and tax services. These firms are among the largest global employers of chartered accountants, offering career growth and international mobility.

Is Investing in Further Education Worthwhile for Chartered Accountants?

Evaluating further education as a chartered accountant involves a rigorous cost-benefit analysis that goes beyond tuition expenses. Advanced certifications or complementary degrees can unlock specialized roles, enhance strategic decision-making, and lead to leadership opportunities. Thorough research into program expenses, duration, and potential career impact is imperative; for instance, assessing factors like online business degree cost can offer valuable benchmarks. A deliberately planned educational investment also factors in reduced opportunity costs and long-term gains in professional credibility and market adaptability.

What are the challenges and benefits of being a chartered accountant?

A career as a chartered accountant comes with both advantages and challenges. While it offers job stability, career growth, and global opportunities, it also requires ongoing learning, long hours during peak seasons, and handling high-stakes financial responsibilities.

Benefits of being a chartered accountant

Clear career progression – Chartered accountants follow a structured career path, moving from entry-level roles to senior positions with experience.
Strong job security – Every business needs accounting services, making this a stable profession.
Diverse industry opportunities – Chartered accountants work in various fields, including finance, healthcare, and technology.
Entrepreneurial potential – Many chartered accountants start their own firms or consulting businesses.
Global demand – Chartered accountants are recognized worldwide, with opportunities for international work and travel.

Challenges of being a chartered accountant

Continuous education – Professionals must stay updated on changing tax laws, regulations, and industry standards.
Demanding work schedules – Tax season and financial reporting deadlines can lead to long hours and tight deadlines.
High responsibility – Chartered accountants manage sensitive financial data, requiring strong attention to detail and accuracy.

Despite these challenges, the profession remains a rewarding choice with strong earning potential and career flexibility. Those looking to advance further in leadership and financial management may benefit from affordable online MBA programs, which can provide additional skills to help them succeed in competitive industries.

How can I balance the financial investment for chartered accountancy education?

Assessing the financial commitment for becoming a chartered accountant is paramount. Prospective candidates should carefully evaluate tuition fees, exam costs, study materials, and associated professional development expenses. It is important to compare these investments with potential returns, considering not only immediate outlays but also long-term career earnings and progression opportunities. Some professionals find it useful to contextualize these expenses against alternatives, such as online MBA fees, to ensure that the chosen financial path maximizes career growth without overextending personal budgets. Detailed cost analysis and financial planning can provide clarity on whether the investment aligns with individual career goals and market trends.

How do you choose the best chartered accountancy certification for your goals?

Choosing the right chartered accountancy certification depends on your career goals, specialization, and the recognition of the credential in your target industry. The right certification can improve job prospects, increase earning potential, and set you apart in a competitive job market.

Consider your career path

Public accounting – If you want to work in auditing, tax, or consulting, certifications like Certified Public Accountant (CPA) or Associate Chartered Accountant (ACA) are highly valued.
Management accounting – If you prefer working within companies, the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) or Certified Management Accountant (CMA) credential may be a better fit.
Global opportunities – The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) certification is widely recognized internationally, making it ideal for those who want to work across different countries.
Specialized fields – If you are interested in forensic accounting, risk management, or internal auditing, certifications like Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) or Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE) may be useful.

Weigh certification costs and effort

Each certification has different requirements, including exams, work experience, and costs. More rigorous certifications, like the CPA or ACCA, require significant time and financial investment but offer broad career benefits.

Ultimately, the best certification depends on your long-term aspirations as a chartered accountant. Researching the recognition, difficulty, and costs of different options will help you make the right decision.

Just as someone might compare credentials based on potential earnings—such as looking into geospatial analyst salary to evaluate the return on investment in a GIS career—you should assess how each chartered accountancy certification aligns with your income goals and professional aspirations.

What are the ethical responsibilities of a chartered accountant?

Chartered accountants must consistently uphold a high standard of ethics to maintain public trust and ensure transparent financial practices. They are required to act with integrity and objectivity, avoid conflicts of interest, and rigorously protect client confidentiality. Ongoing ethics training and adherence to a well-defined code of conduct are essential in navigating complex regulatory environments and evolving industry standards. Advanced leadership initiatives, such as an accelerated MBA program online, can further enhance a professional’s ability to make sound ethical decisions while managing multifaceted financial challenges.

What are the future trends in chartered accountancy?

The future of chartered accountancy is being shaped by technological innovation, evolving workplace models, and a rising demand for strategic advisory services. As professionals adapt to these changes, they will unlock new opportunities to offer deeper financial insights and specialized expertise. These trends are also relevant when exploring broader financial career paths while weighing the pros and cons, such as in an economics and finance degree programs comparison, where adaptability and analytical skills are increasingly important.

Increased use of AI and automation

Routine accounting tasks like data entry and tax processing are becoming automated.
AI-powered tools help chartered accountants focus on complex financial analysis and strategic decision-making.
Professionals will need to develop digital skills to stay competitive.

Growth in advisory and consulting services

Businesses increasingly rely on chartered accountants for consulting on cybersecurity, data analytics, and ESG (environmental, social, and governance) strategy.
The Big Four firms are expanding their advisory services, and smaller firms are following suit.
Accountants will shift from compliance-focused roles to real-time financial advisory.

Hybrid work and global talent opportunities

Remote and hybrid work models are becoming the norm, requiring new approaches to auditing, collaboration, and cybersecurity.
Firms may increasingly hire independent chartered accountants on a freelance basis.

Sustainability and ESG reporting

Sustainability assurance is a fast-growing field, with rising demand for experts in climate risk assessment and corporate ESG disclosures.
Chartered accountants will play a key role in sustainability reporting frameworks like GRI and SASB.

Lifelong learning and continuous upskilling

Keeping up with technology and regulatory changes will require ongoing education through certifications and digital training.
Skills like data analytics, advisory services, and sustainability accounting will be highly valued.

What soft skills are essential for success as a chartered accountant?

Chartered accountants must complement their technical expertise with a robust set of soft skills that foster effective decision-making and leadership. Critical thinking and analytical problem-solving enable professionals to interpret complex financial data and adapt to evolving regulatory standards. Strong communication and interpersonal skills facilitate clear articulation of insights and enhance collaboration with cross-functional teams. Time management, adaptability, and resilience are vital in managing tight deadlines and high-pressure scenarios. Additionally, strategic leadership—often sharpened through programs like fast track MBA programs—empowers chartered accountants to drive organizational growth and mentor emerging talent.

Here’s What Graduates Have to Say about Being a Chartered Accountant

Becoming a chartered accountant opened doors I never thought possible. The rigorous training and certifications were challenging, but they gave me the expertise to work in global finance. Now, I provide strategic insights to businesses and have the flexibility to explore different industries. — Amit

The best part of my journey to becoming a chartered accountant was the career stability it offered. The demand for CAs is strong, and I had multiple job offers even before completing my certification. Knowing that my skills will always be in demand gives me peace of mind. — Sofia

I love that being a chartered accountant isn't just about numbers—it's about solving problems and making an impact. Whether it's helping a company grow or guiding clients through financial decisions, the work is both rewarding and intellectually stimulating. — James

Can combining an MBA with your CA qualification accelerate career growth?

Integrating an MBA with a CA credential can broaden strategic vision and enhance leadership capabilities. Dual qualification enables professionals to merge technical financial expertise with a comprehensive understanding of business management, helping them drive organization-wide initiatives more effectively. Additionally, pursuing an MBA from high-quality programs—such as the cheapest online MBA no GMAT AACSB—can provide further financial acumen and global business perspectives, ultimately promoting accelerated career progression without compromising core accounting competencies.

What interdisciplinary degrees can boost a CA’s strategic edge?

Integrating an interdisciplinary degree can broaden a chartered accountant’s strategic capabilities. Courses focused on project management, for instance, provide practical expertise in budgeting, risk analysis, and team leadership. Professionals who pursue an accelerated online bachelors in project management degree are better positioned to manage complex financial projects and drive operational excellence. This complement of skills not only improves project oversight but also aligns with the evolving demands of global business environments.

Key Findings

Chartered accountants in the U.S. earn an average annual salary of $75,396, with senior professionals making over $130,000.
The accounting profession is expected to grow by 6% from 2023 to 2033, adding over 91,000 new jobs.
Over 97% of top global brands employ chartered accountants, highlighting strong international demand.
Sustainability reporting and assurance could become a $700 billion global market by 2025, creating new opportunities for accountants.
AI and automation are transforming accounting, with firms investing heavily in digital tools and advisory services to stay competitive.

Other Things You Should Know about Being a Chartered Accountant

Can a chartered accountant work internationally?

Yes, a chartered accountant can work internationally. Many CA certifications, such as ACCA, ACA, and CPA Australia, are recognized globally, allowing professionals to practice in multiple countries. In 2024, over 97% of top global brands employ chartered accountants, highlighting their demand worldwide. Additionally, there are more than 3,300 authorized training employers across different regions, making international career opportunities more accessible. However, some countries may require additional licensing or compliance with local financial regulations before practicing.

What industries hire the most chartered accountants?

The industries that hire the most chartered accountants include finance, auditing, and consulting. In 2024, the highest demand comes from banking, investment firms, and the Big Four accounting firms. Other major employers include technology companies, manufacturing corporations, healthcare providers, and government agencies. Chartered accountants also play a key role in taxation, risk management, and financial advisory services. With the rise of ESG reporting and sustainability finance, companies across various sectors are increasingly seeking CAs with expertise in these areas.

How does a chartered accountant differ from a CPA?

A chartered accountant (CA) and a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) have similar roles, but they differ in recognition and scope. A CPA is primarily a U.S. qualification, whereas a CA is recognized globally, with various certifying bodies in different countries (e.g., ICAEW, ICAS, and ACCA). CPAs often specialize in tax and auditing within the U.S. financial system, while CAs have broader expertise in management accounting, financial strategy, and international accounting standards. The choice between the two depends on career goals and location.

Can you become a chartered accountant without an accounting degree?

Yes, you can become a chartered accountant without an accounting degree, but requirements vary by certification body. Organizations like ACCA and CIMA allow non-accounting graduates to qualify by completing additional coursework in accounting fundamentals. Some countries also offer alternative pathways through work experience or professional training programs. However, having a degree in finance or business can shorten the certification process and improve job prospects. Aspiring CAs should check specific entry requirements based on their chosen qualification.