2024 Most Popular Education Degree Programs Ranking in Bethany, OK

What can I expect from a Education degree in Bethany, OK?

Students pursuing an education degree in Bethany, OK, can expect a comprehensive and engaging experience that prepares them for a rewarding career in teaching and related fields. Graduates often share how their programs at local institutions, such as Southern Nazarene University, provided them with a solid foundation in both theory and practice. Here’s what they typically encounter:

• Diverse Degree Options: Many students appreciate the flexibility of choosing between a Bachelor of Arts or a Bachelor of Science in Education. One graduate recalled how the online course offerings allowed her to balance her studies with a part-time job, making her educational journey more manageable.
• Structured Duration: Most education degrees take about four years to complete, but some graduates have taken advantage of accelerated programs, finishing in just three years. One student shared how this fast track helped her enter the workforce sooner, allowing her to start teaching while her peers were still in school.
• Engaging Curriculum: The curriculum blends liberal arts with specialized teaching methodologies. A recent graduate fondly remembered her early courses in child psychology, which sparked her passion for understanding student behavior and learning styles.
• Accreditation Matters: Graduates emphasize the importance of enrolling in accredited programs, as it not only ensures quality education but also opens doors for financial aid. One student noted how this accreditation made transferring credits to a master’s program seamless.
• Hands-On Experience: A significant highlight for many is the student teaching component. Graduates often recount their excitement during their first day in a classroom, applying what they learned in real-time. One graduate described the thrill of seeing her lesson plans come to life with her students.
• Varied Career Pathways: An education degree offers diverse career opportunities beyond traditional teaching roles.Graduates have ventured into academic advising and curriculum development, reflecting on how their education prepared them for these roles.

These experiences illustrate the enriching journey of pursuing an education degree in Bethany, OK, equipping students with the skills and confidence to thrive in various educational settings.

Where can I work with a Education degree?

Graduates with an education degree from institutions in Bethany, OK, can look forward to a variety of fulfilling career opportunities. Many alumni have shared their experiences, highlighting the diverse paths available to them after completing their studies.

• K-12 Schools: A common route for graduates is teaching in local elementary and secondary schools. Many have found joy in inspiring young minds, often recalling their own transformative experiences in classrooms during their studies at nearby universities. Specializations like special education or teaching English as a second language are also popular, allowing graduates to cater to diverse student needs.
• Higher Education Institutions: Some graduates have transitioned into roles at colleges and universities, either as instructors or in administrative positions. They often reminisce about the mentorship they received during their education, which now fuels their passion for guiding college students through their academic journeys.
• Educational Administration: Positions such as principals or district administrators are also viable options. Graduates have expressed a strong desire to influence educational policies, drawing from their own experiences in leadership roles during their time at local colleges.
• Curriculum Development Organizations: Many alumni have found rewarding careers in curriculum development, collaborating with educational publishers or school districts. They often share stories of how their coursework prepared them to create engaging and effective educational materials.
• Corporate Training Departments: Some graduates have ventured into the corporate world, utilizing their skills in employee training and development. They frequently recount how their education equipped them with the tools to design impactful training programs that enhance workplace learning.
• Non-Profit Organizations: Graduates often thrive in non-profits focused on community outreach andeducational programming. They cherish the opportunity to engage with diverse populations, leveraging their communication skills to make a difference.
• Museums and Cultural Institutions: A few have found their niche in museums, developing educational programs that connect the public with cultural exhibits. Their passion for teaching shines through as they create engaging experiences for visitors.
• Educational Consulting: Lastly, some alumni have embraced consulting roles, helping schools improve teaching strategies. They reflect on how their education prepared them to offer valuable insights and foster student engagement.

The education degree from Bethany, OK, opens doors to a wide array of career paths, allowing graduates to pursue their passions while making a meaningful impact in their communities.

How much can I make with a Education degree in Bethany, OK?

Graduates with an Education degree in Bethany, OK, can expect varying salaries depending on their specific roles within the education sector. For instance, those pursuing a career as an English as a Second Language (ESL) Teacher can earn a mean annual wage of approximately $63,130, translating to about $30.35 per hour. This role is particularly rewarding for graduates who have shared their experiences of working with diverse student populations, helping them navigate language barriers and achieve academic success.

Another common pathway for Education degree holders is becoming an Early Childhood Educator. In this role, the mean annual wage is around $38,640, or $18.58 per hour. Graduates have expressed how fulfilling it is to shape the foundational years of young learners, often recalling their time at local colleges where they developed hands-on teaching skills through internships in nearby preschools.

For those interested in a more specialized field, Instructional Designers are in demand, with a mean annual wage of $73,080, or $35.14 per hour. Graduates have noted how their coursework at local universities equipped them with the necessary skills to create engaging educational materials, often reflecting on projects that allowed them to collaborate with educators to enhance learning experiences.

In summary, here are the average salaries for Education degree graduates in Bethany, OK:

• ESL Teacher: $63,130 annually / $30.35 hourly
• Early Childhood Educator: $38,640 annually / $18.58 hourly
• Instructional Designer: $73,080 annually / $35.14 hourly

These figures illustrate the potential earnings for graduates in various educational roles, highlighting the rewarding nature of careers in education while also emphasizing the positive impact they can have on their communities.

How long does it take to complete a Education degree in Bethany, OK?

Completing an Education degree in Bethany, OK, typically varies based on the level of the program pursued. For an associate degree, students can expect to spend about two years in a community college setting, such as Oklahoma City Community College, which offers a solid foundation in educational principles and practices. Graduates often express how this program allowed them to gain hands-on experience through local internships, making them feel prepared for their next steps.

For those aiming for a bachelor’s degree, the timeline extends to approximately four years. Institutions like Southern Nazarene University provide comprehensive programs that not only cover educational theory but also emphasize practical teaching skills. Graduates from these programs often share how their coursework, combined with student-teaching experiences, helped them build confidence and a strong professional network in the local education community.

If you’re considering a master’s degree in Education, you can typically complete this advanced program in about two years. Universities such as the University of Central Oklahoma offer specialized tracks that allow educators to focus on areas like curriculum development or educational leadership. Graduates frequently highlight how these programs have opened doors to leadership roles in schools, enhancing their career prospects significantly.

Here’s a quick overview of the time commitment for each degree level:

• Associate Degree: Approximately 2 years
• Bachelor’s Degree: Approximately 4 years
• Master’s Degree: Approximately 2 years

Many graduates from these programs in Bethany, OK, reflect on their educational journeys with pride, noting how their degrees have empowered them to make a difference in their communities. The supportive environment and dedicated faculty at local institutions play a crucial role in shaping their experiences, making the pursuit of an Education degree both fulfilling and impactful.

Teacher Certification Requirements in Oklahoma

Aspiring educators in Bethany, OK, must navigate a clear set of certification steps to teach in public and private schools across the state. First, candidates need a bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited institution and completion of an approved educator preparation program. Next, they must pass the required Oklahoma General Education Test (OGET) and the Oklahoma Subject Area Tests (OSAT) in their chosen specialty. Upon successful exam completion, applicants submit a background check and fingerprint clearance through the Oklahoma State Department of Education (OSDE). For those holding a non-education bachelor’s degree, Oklahoma offers an alternative certification route. Candidates enroll in an alternative certification program, complete required pedagogy coursework, and fulfill supervised teaching hours under a provisional license. After meeting these requirements and passing the OSAT, candidates receive a standard professional teaching certificate. Maintaining and upgrading certification involves ongoing professional development. Teachers are required to earn renewal credits through workshops, graduate coursework, or professional activities documented in the OSDE’s online portal. Educators aiming to advance into leadership roles or specialized positions often pursue a master’s degree; one cost-effective option worth exploring is the Affordable Online Master's in Education Degree Programs Ranking in California, which can fulfill renewal requirements and expand career prospects in curriculum design, administration, and instructional technology.

What’s the difference between online and on-campus Education degree?

The primary difference between online and on-campus Education degrees in Bethany, OK, lies in the mode of delivery and the flexibility each offers. Online programs provide the convenience of studying from home, allowing students to balance work, family, and education. For instance, graduates from local universities have shared how online courses enabled them to teach part-time while pursuing their degrees, making it easier to gain practical experience without sacrificing their studies.

On-campus programs, such as those offered by popular institutions in Bethany, provide a more traditional educational experience. Students benefit from face-to-face interactions with professors and peers, fostering a sense of community and collaboration. Many graduates have expressed that the hands-on experiences, such as classroom observations and group projects, were invaluable in preparing them for real-world teaching scenarios.

Here are some key differences to consider:

• Flexibility: Online programs allow students to set their own schedules, making it easier for those with jobs or family commitments. On-campus programs typically follow a fixed schedule, requiring students to attend classes at specific times.
• Networking Opportunities: On-campus students often have more opportunities to connect with faculty and fellow students, which can lead to valuable mentorship and job opportunities. Graduates have noted that these connections were crucial in securing their first teaching positions.
• Learning Environment: Online education can sometimes feel isolating, while on-campus programs provide a vibrant atmosphere filled with extracurricular activities and support services. Many graduates fondly recall the friendships and support they built during their time on campus.

Ultimately, the choice between online and on-campus Education degrees in Bethany, OK, depends on individual circumstances and learning preferences. Each path offers unique advantages that can lead to afulfilling career in education.

Certification and Licensure Requirements for Education Graduates in Bethany, OK

Aspiring educators in Bethany, OK, must secure certification through the Oklahoma State Department of Education (OSDE) to teach in public schools, a process that ensures quality and readiness. First, candidates complete an accredited teacher preparation program and pass the Oklahoma General Education Test (OGET) followed by the Oklahoma Subject Area Tests (OSAT) in their chosen specialization. In addition, all applicants must clear a criminal background check and pass the Oklahoma Professional Teaching (OPTE) exam, which assesses ethics and foundational teaching skills. Upon meeting these prerequisites, graduates apply online via the OSDE Educator Certification System for a Temporary Certificate, valid for one year and renewable twice while completing any remaining requirements. After accruing two years of successful teaching experience and meeting the state’s continuing education mandates—often referred to as Continuing Professional Development (CPD)—teachers qualify for a Standard Professional Certificate, valid for five years. Those interested in leadership roles or specialized endorsements, such as curriculum coordinator or reading specialist, must complete additional exams and coursework as outlined by the OSDE. For educators seeking advanced credentials or flexible pathways to certification, exploring online master’s programs can be advantageous. Many candidates find value in programs like the Affordable Online Master's in Education Degree Programs Ranking in California, which balance rigorous coursework with cost-effectiveness while meeting certification requirements. By understanding and fulfilling these licensure steps, Bethany graduates can confidently embark on rewarding teaching careers throughout Oklahoma.

What is the average cost of a Education degree in Bethany, OK?

The average cost of obtaining an education degree in Bethany, OK, can vary widely depending on the type of institution chosen. For students attending public universities, in-state tuition is approximately $9,750 annually. When factoring in additional expenses such as room and board, books, and supplies, the total cost of attendance can reach around $27,146 per year. Over a typical four-year program, this amounts to about $108,584. This variation in costs is an important consideration for prospective students looking into the average cost of education degree in Bethany OK.

For those considering out-of-state options, the financial commitment increases significantly. Out-of-state tuition averages about $28,386 per year, leading to a total yearly cost of approximately $45,708, which can total around $182,832 over four years.

Private institutions present an even steeper financial landscape. The average annual tuition at private nonprofit universities is about $38,768, with total yearly costs averaging $58,628. This results in a staggering total expenditure of around $234,512 for a four-year degree.

Community colleges offer a more affordable pathway, with in-district students facing an average tuition of about $3,885 per year. This option can be particularly appealing for those looking to minimize costs while still pursuing an education degree.

Additional costs to consider include:

• Textbooks and Supplies: Approximately $1,220 annually at public universities.
• Room and Board: Around $12,302 per year for on-campus living.

Graduates from local universities often share how they balanced these costs through scholarships and part-time jobs, making their educational journey both fulfilling and financially manageable. Many students find that the investment in their education degree pays off, especially when considering that the average cost of a Master’s degree in education is typically around $59,840, further enhancing their career prospects and earningpotential. For educational leaders, exploring options such as online programs can also provide significant benefits. For more information, check out the distance education benefits for educational leaders.

In summary, understanding the tuition fees for education programs in Bethany is crucial for students planning their educational finances. By weighing the costs against potential financial aid and job opportunities, students can make informed decisions about their educational paths.

Accreditation and Teacher Licensure Requirements in Oklahoma

In Oklahoma, ensuring your education program meets both regional accreditation standards and state licensure requirements is essential for a seamless transition into the classroom. First, verify that your chosen institution holds accreditation from a recognized body such as the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP) or the Higher Learning Commission (HLC). Accredited programs typically align with state–approved curriculum frameworks and prepare you to pass the Oklahoma General Education Test (OGET) and the Oklahoma Subject Area Tests (OSAT). Next, candidates must complete a state‐approved teacher preparation program that includes supervised clinical experiences. These student teaching hours—usually 12 to 16 weeks—are supervised by a certified mentor teacher and documented in your licensure portfolio. After program completion, you’ll apply to the Oklahoma State Department of Education (OSDE) for a Class “A” Professional Teaching Certificate. Requirements include:

• A minimum cumulative GPA of 2.5 in your education coursework.
• Passing scores on the OGET and relevant OSAT exams.
• A fingerprint‐based background check and submission of a certification application fee.

What financial aid is available to Education degree students in Bethany, OK?

Students pursuing an Education degree in Bethany, Oklahoma, have a wealth of financial aid options available to ease the financial burden of their studies. With an impressive 99% of Education degree students receiving some form of financial assistance, it’s essential to explore these avenues to make education more accessible.

• Scholarships: Many local institutions, including Bethany College, provide scholarships tailored for Education majors. Graduates often share how these renewable scholarships significantly lightened their financial load, allowing them to focus on their studies rather than worrying about tuition costs.
• Grants: Federal and state grants are awarded based on financial need, and completing the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is crucial. One graduate recalled receiving a state grant that covered a substantial portion of their tuition, making it possible to attend college without accumulating debt.
• Oklahoma's Promise: This program offers tuition assistance for eligible students from families within a specific income bracket. A recent graduate mentioned how applying during middle school and maintaining good grades in high school opened doors to financial support that made their college journey feasible.
• Inspired to Teach Program: This initiative provides scholarships and financial benefits to students in accredited teacher education programs. One graduate expressed gratitude for the $25,500 they received, which not only helped with tuition but also motivated them to commit to teaching in Oklahoma public schools for five years post-graduation.
• Federal Work-Study Programs: These programs enable students to work part-time while studying, offering both financial support and valuable work experience. A graduate shared how their work-study position at a local school not only helped pay for books but also enriched their educational experience.
• Loans: While loans are available, students are encouragedto prioritize scholarships and grants, which do not require repayment. A graduate reflected on how avoiding loans allowed them to graduate debt-free, enabling a smoother transition into their teaching career.

By leveraging these financial aid options, students in Bethany can pursue their Education degrees with greater confidence and less financial stress.

Teacher Certification and Licensing Requirements in Oklahoma

To teach in Bethany, OK, graduates must obtain certification through the Oklahoma State Department of Education (OSDE), ensuring they meet both academic and professional standards before entering K–12 classrooms. 1. Educator Preparation Program Accreditation • Complete a state‐approved educator preparation program, typically part of your bachelor’s or master’s degree in education. Accreditation by CAEP (Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation) or NCATE (National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education) is mandatory for licensure eligibility. 2. Pre‐Service Examinations • Oklahoma General Education Test (OGET): Assesses foundational skills in reading, writing and mathematics. • Oklahoma Subject Area Tests (OSAT): Validates content knowledge in your chosen teaching field (e.g., Elementary Education, ESL). • Professional Teaching Examination (OPTE): Measures instructional practice, classroom management and professional standards. 3. Background Check and Application • Submit fingerprints and a criminal‐history background check via the OSDE portal. • Complete the online application for an Initial Teaching Certificate, paying required fees and uploading official transcripts. 4. Alternative and Emergency Certification • Career Tech/Postsecondary Certificate: Available to industry experts transitioning into teaching. • Emergency Teach Oklahoma Program: Offers a one‐year provisional certificate for candidates who meet minimum requirements but have not yet passed all exams. 5. Endorsements and Advanced Credentials • Add endorsements (e.g., Special Education, ESL) by passing additional OSAT examinations. • To pursue leadership or specialized instructional roles, consider a graduate degree—explore our Affordable Online Master’s in Education Degree Programs Ranking in California for cost-effective master’s pathways that align with certification prerequisites. 6. Renewal and Continuing Professional Development • Oklahoma certificates are valid for five years; renewal requires documentation of 150 continuing education hours or completion of an advanced degree. • Participate in OSDE‐approved workshops, university courses or professional learning communities to maintain licensure and stay current with pedagogical best practices.

What are the prerequisites For enrolling in a Education program in Bethany, OK?

To enroll in an Education program in Bethany, OK, prospective students typically need to meet several prerequisites that ensure they are prepared for the rigors of the field. Most institutions, such as Southern Nazarene University and Oklahoma Baptist University, require applicants to have a high school diploma or equivalent. Additionally, students often need to submit standardized test scores, such as the ACT or SAT, with minimum score requirements that vary by program.

Here are some common prerequisites:

• High School GPA: A minimum GPA of 2.5 is often required, reflecting a solid academic foundation.
• Letters of Recommendation: Many programs ask for two or three letters from teachers or community leaders who can speak to the applicant's potential as an educator.
• Personal Statement: A brief essay outlining the applicant's passion for education and career goals is usually required.
• Background Check: Given the nature of the profession, a criminal background check is often mandated before admission.

Graduates from local universities have shared their experiences, noting that the enrollment process was both exciting and nerve-wracking. One graduate recalled how the personal statement allowed them to express their love for teaching, which ultimately helped them stand out. Another mentioned the importance of the letters of recommendation, emphasizing how a supportive teacher's endorsement made a significant difference in their application.

In addition to these requirements, some programs may also require prospective students to complete a certain number of volunteer hours in educational settings, which not only enhances their application but also provides invaluable hands-on experience. This practical exposure can be a transformative part of the journey, as many students find that working with children solidifies their commitment to the teaching profession.

Why Pursue a Popular Education Degree

Pursuing a popular education degree, such as those found in our best popular education degree rankings, can be a highly rewarding career path for individuals passionate about teaching and shaping young minds. With a wide range of specializations available, from early childhood education to educational administration, graduates can tailor their studies to fit their interests and career aspirations. The demand for skilled educators remains high, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics projecting numerous job openings in education-related occupations. By choosing a reputable program and specializing in an area of interest, individuals can set themselves up for success in this dynamic and fulfilling field, making a lasting impact on the lives of their students and the broader community.

What courses are typically in a Education program in Bethany, OK?

Education programs in Bethany, OK, typically encompass a diverse range of courses designed to equip future educators with the necessary skills and knowledge. Students can expect to engage in foundational courses such as:

• Introduction to Education: This course provides an overview of the education system, exploring historical, philosophical, and social contexts. Graduates often recall how this course ignited their passion for teaching, as it helped them understand the profound impact educators have on students' lives.
• Child Development: Focusing on the cognitive, emotional, and social growth of children, this course allows students to learn about developmental milestones. Many graduates fondly remember hands-on projects that involved observing children in real classroom settings, which deepened their understanding of developmental theories.
• Classroom Management: Essential for any aspiring teacher, this course covers strategies for creating a positive learning environment. Graduates often share stories of role-playing scenarios that prepared them for real-life challenges, making them feel more confident in their future classrooms.
• Curriculum Design and Assessment: This course teaches students how to develop effective lesson plans and assess student learning. Many graduates express pride in creating their own lesson plans, which they later implemented during their student teaching experiences.
• Diversity in Education: Understanding and addressing the needs of diverse learners is crucial. Graduates frequently highlight how this course opened their eyes to the importance of inclusivity and cultural competence in teaching.
• Educational Technology: With the rise of digital learning tools, this course equips students with the skills to integrate technology into their teaching. Graduates often recount their excitement in learning about innovative tools that enhance student engagement.

These courses not only provide theoreticalknowledge but also emphasize practical experiences, ensuring that graduates from Bethany, OK, are well-prepared to enter the teaching profession with confidence and enthusiasm.

What types of specializations are available in a Education program in Bethany, OK?

Students pursuing an education degree in Bethany, OK, have the opportunity to specialize in various fields that align with their passions and career aspirations. These specializations not only enhance their knowledge but also prepare them for specific roles within the educational landscape. Notable specializations include:

• Early Childhood Education: Graduates often share how their training in developmental milestones and age-appropriate teaching methods has equipped them to create engaging learning environments for young children. One graduate recalled the joy of seeing a child master their first words, emphasizing the profound impact of early education.
• Special Education: Many graduates express a deep sense of fulfillment in supporting students with diverse learning needs. One former student described their experience in an inclusive classroom, where they learned to adapt lessons to meet the unique challenges faced by each student, fostering a sense of belonging and achievement.
• Educational Technology: With technology becoming integral to education, graduates specializing in this area often find themselves at the forefront of innovative teaching methods. One graduate recounted their excitement in designing interactive digital lessons that captivated students and enhanced their learning experiences.
• English as a Second Language (ESL): Graduates in this specialization frequently highlight the rewarding experience of helping non-native speakers navigate language barriers. One individual shared how teaching ESL not only improved students' language skills but also facilitated cultural exchange and understanding.
• Educational Administration: Aspiring leaders in education often pursue this specialization to gain insights into school management and policy development. A graduate reflected on their journey toward becoming a principal, emphasizing the importance of shaping a positive school culture and supporting teachers.
• Curriculumand Instruction: Those focusing on this area often find joy in designing effective educational programs. One graduate shared their experience in revamping a curriculum to better meet student needs, resulting in improved engagement and learning outcomes.

In the 2020-21 academic year, 153,800 master's degrees were conferred in education, reflecting a shift in the educational landscape. This decrease of 17% from 185,100 in 2010-11 highlights the evolving nature of education and the importance of specialized training for future educators. The diverse pathways available in Bethany, OK, empower students to tailor their education to their unique interests and career goals, ensuring they are well-prepared for the challenges and rewards of teaching. For those considering advanced studies, exploring the types of doctorate degrees can provide additional insights into further educational opportunities.

Overall, the popular education programs in Bethany, Oklahoma, offer a rich array of specializations that cater to the diverse interests of aspiring educators, ensuring they are equipped to make a meaningful impact in their chosen fields.

What career paths are available For Education graduates in Bethany, OK?

Graduates of education degree programs in Bethany, OK, have a wealth of career paths available to them, reflecting the diverse opportunities within the educational landscape. These paths not only allow for personal fulfillment but also contribute significantly to the community. Here are some prominent career avenues:

• Classroom Teacher: Many graduates find joy in teaching at local elementary, middle, or high schools. They create engaging lesson plans and foster a supportive environment, often recalling the satisfaction of seeing students thrive academically and socially. The demand for education careers in Bethany OK continues to grow, making this a viable option for new graduates.
• Educational Administration: Some graduates aspire to leadership roles, such as principals or district administrators. They manage educational policies and staff, often sharing stories of how they implemented programs that improved school culture and student performance.
• Curriculum Developer: Graduates in this role design curricula that meet student needs. They often express pride in developing innovative programs that enhance learning experiences, making education more relevant and engaging.
• School Counseling: Many graduates choose to become school counselors, providing essential support to students facing various challenges. They recount the rewarding moments of helping students navigate their academic and personal lives, fostering resilience and growth.
• Educational Consulting: As consultants, graduates offer strategic advice to schools, helping them improve educational practices. They often reflect on the satisfaction of seeing their recommendations lead to meaningful changes in teaching methods and student engagement.
• Corporate Training and Development: Some graduates transition into corporate environments, where they develop training programs for employees. They find fulfillment in applying their educational skills to enhance workforcedevelopment and employee satisfaction.
• Non-Profit Sector: Graduates also engage with non-profit organizations focused on educational initiatives. They share experiences of managing programs that promote community outreach and advocacy, feeling a deep connection to their mission.

Despite the rewarding nature of these careers, it’s important to note that teachers in the United States earn, on average, 23.5% less than other college-educated workers, with this pay gap widening since the mid-1990s. Nevertheless, the Bureau of Labor Statistics projects around 850,000 new job openings annually in education-related occupations, underscoring the ongoing demand for qualified professionals in Bethany and beyond. Graduates from local universities often express a sense of purpose and community impact, making their education degrees a valuable asset in pursuing these fulfilling career paths. For those considering a teaching career, understanding the Wisconsin teacher licensure process can provide valuable insights into the requirements and steps needed to succeed.

In summary, the diverse opportunities available for graduates of education degree programs in Bethany, OK, highlight the importance of education in shaping both individual careers and the broader community.