How to Become a Substitute Teacher in New Jersey for 2025

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Becoming a substitute teacher in New Jersey is a rewarding way to contribute to local schools while gaining valuable classroom experience. Whether you're exploring a future in education or looking for flexible work, New Jersey offers multiple pathways to get started.

This guide will walk you through the state's specific requirements, application steps, and certification options, giving you the tools and knowledge needed to begin your substitute teaching journey with confidence.

Key Things to Know About Becoming a Substitute Teacher in New Jersey

You need at least 60 college credits or a valid teaching certificate to qualify as a substitute teacher in New Jersey.
Complete a background check and fingerprinting through the state’s Department of Education before applying.
Register with local school districts since each district manages its own substitute teacher pool.
Substitute teachers in NJ earn around $100-$150 per day, depending on the district and experience.
Flexibility is key—many subs work part-time or fill in last minute, making it a great side gig or stepping stone.

What are the basic requirements to become a substitute teacher in New Jersey?
What training is required for first-time substitute teachers in New Jersey?
How do you apply to become a substitute teacher in New Jersey?
How much do substitute teachers in New Jersey make?
How do you renew or maintain a substitute teaching certificate in New Jersey?
What are the responsibilities of a substitute teacher in New Jersey?
How flexible is a substitute teacher’s schedule in New Jersey?
What are the benefits received by a substitute teacher in New Jersey?
What legal rights do substitute teachers have in New Jersey?
What are the career advancement opportunities for substitute teachers in New Jersey?
What are the common challenges faced by substitute teachers in New Jersey?
Other Things You Need to Know About Becoming a Substitute Teacher in New Jersey

What are the basic requirements to become a substitute teacher in New Jersey?

If you're thinking about becoming a substitute teacher in New Jersey, there are a few key requirements you’ll need to meet. Here’s a quick rundown of what you need to get started in this field.

Education: You must have completed at least 30 semester-hour credits from an accredited college or university, which doesn’t have to be education-specific. This makes it easier for those working toward a degree, including those exploring careers with associate degree in education.
Age: Applicants must be at least 18 years old to qualify for any substitute credential.
Substitute Credentials: There are two main types: a 30-Credit Instructional Substitute Credential for those with 30 to fewer than 60 credits, and a 60-Credit Instructional Substitute Credential for those with 60 or more credits, similar to an associate degree or beyond.
Proof of Enrollment or Degree: If you haven’t graduated yet, you need to show proof of ongoing college enrollment; bachelor's degree holders have additional credential options.
Background Check: A criminal history background check done within five months of applying is mandatory.
Application Process: You apply through the NJEdCert portal and pay a $125 state application fee.
Transcripts: Official college transcripts are required to verify your credits, usually involving a small fee and a few days’ processing time.

What training is required for first-time substitute teachers in New Jersey?

If you’re looking into the substitute teacher training requirements New Jersey has in place, it’s good to know what steps you’ll need to take before stepping into the classroom. These aren’t about academic qualifications but focus on making sure you’re ready and cleared for the job.

Criminal History Background Check: You must complete a fingerprint-based criminal history review through the New Jersey Department of Education to ensure student safety.
Fingerprint Approval Validity: Fingerprints submitted can’t be older than five months when you apply for your substitute credential.
Application for Substitute Credential: Candidates apply through the NJEdCert system, uploading documents and paying required fees to get credentialed.
District-Specific Orientation: Many districts require new substitutes to attend orientation sessions covering classroom management, policies, and emergency procedures.
Official Electronic Transcripts: You’ll need to provide official electronic transcripts as part of the credential verification process.
Service Limits: Substitute teachers can work up to 20 instructional days per assignment, with possible extensions approved by the Executive County Superintendent.
Credential Validity: Once issued, your substitute credential lasts for five years.

Keep in mind that some districts may add extra training like professional development or HIB prevention. For those interested in further qualifications, exploring accredited online teaching degree programs can be a smart next step in your career. This overview should help clarify the first-time substitute teacher certification process New Jersey expects.

How do you apply to become a substitute teacher in New Jersey?

Getting your substitute teaching application in New Jersey sorted is a pretty straightforward process, but there are a few important steps you need to follow carefully. Here’s a quick rundown to help you stay on track and avoid any last-minute surprises.

Create an Account: Start by signing up on the NJ Educator Certification (NJEdCert) Portal using your personal email to kick off your application.
Fill Out Application & Pay Fee: Complete the substitute credential application online and pay the non-refundable $125 fee directly through the portal.
Fingerprinting & Background Check: Submit fingerprints through a state-approved vendor, ensuring they are recent and specify “Substitute Teacher” for the job title.
Employment Verification: Complete the “Pass the Trash” verification via DocuSign to confirm no prior misconduct issues.
Health Requirements: Some districts ask for a physical exam and TB test results to keep everyone safe and healthy.
Submit Official Transcripts: Send your official college transcripts electronically to the NJDOE and upload them to the portal; foreign transcripts need special evaluation.
Oath of Allegiance: Sign and submit this legal affirmation online as part of the process.
I-9 Documentation: Provide proof of your eligibility to work in the U.S., like a Social Security card or passport.
Wait for Processing: After submitting everything, expect a 6 to 8 week wait for your certificate, which lasts five years.

I recently chatted with a substitute teacher from New Jersey who graduated locally and shared her experience with the application process. She mentioned how the online system made applying more convenient but also a bit nerve-wracking at first, especially keeping track of the fingerprinting step and making sure all documents uploaded correctly.

“It felt like juggling a few things at once,” she said, “but once I got the hang of the portal and saved my tracking number, it was smooth sailing.” She also appreciated the clear instructions on the “Pass the Trash” employment verification, saying it was reassuring to know the process was thorough but fair. Overall, she found the process manageable and now enjoys working in different districts across the state, feeling confident that the application steps prepared her well.

How much do substitute teachers in New Jersey make?

If you’re curious about the average substitute teacher salary in New Jersey, it generally falls around $42,888 per year, which breaks down to about $20.62 an hour. The range is pretty broad, though—most substitutes make between $31,500 and $50,800 annually. If you’re certified, your pay bumps up, with averages closer to $52,253 a year or about $25 per hour. Permanent subs, who get assigned long-term to one school, can earn even more, sometimes up to $75,239.

Looking at the median salary, which gives a better idea of what a typical substitute teacher might earn, the figure sits near $42,000 to $43,000 annually. But here’s the catch: New Jersey’s high cost of living, especially near NYC and Philly, means that paycheck doesn’t go as far as it might in other states. Plus, since substitute teaching is often part-time or day-to-day, the annual salary might look good on paper but doesn’t always reflect actual take-home pay unless you’re consistently booked.

When you compare how much do substitute teachers make in New Jersey to other states, you find it ranks 50th nationally after adjusting for living costs. That may sound surprising given the nominal salaries are higher than the national average of $30,000 to $38,000. But in lower-cost states, those lower salaries actually stretch further. So, New Jersey’s numbers might seem attractive, but the financial reality can be tougher here.

For those wondering if becoming a substitute teacher is financially worth it, remember that experience and certification really matter. Some people even pursue extra credentials or look for permanent substitute roles to secure better pay. If you’re exploring your options, it might be useful to see if an is elementary education online program affordable to get certified without breaking the bank.

Around 1.35 million substitute teachers were available to work in 2023.

How do you renew or maintain a substitute teaching certificate in New Jersey?

Renewing your substitute teaching certificate in New Jersey involves a few clear steps to keep everything up to date. Here’s what you need to do to avoid any hiccups:

Timing: Submit your renewal application within six months before your certificate expires; anything earlier won’t be accepted.
Application Form: Complete the official substitute application and include your Oath of Allegiance with your submission.
Education Proof: Send in official sealed transcripts showing at least 60 college credit hours, even if your transcripts are older.
Fingerprint Check: Ensure your fingerprint approval is less than five months old; if not, you’ll need to get re-fingerprinted or archive your prints as required.
Renewal Fee: Include a $15 money order payable to the Commissioner of Education, no older than 30 days, with your name and last four digits of your SSN on it.
Submission Address: Mail all paperwork and your payment in one package to the ESS NJ operations address, not directly to the Department of Education.
Expired Certificates: If your certificate has already expired, you might face extra steps or requirements, so renewing before expiration is best.

What are the responsibilities of a substitute teacher in New Jersey?

Substitute teachers in New Jersey play a key role in keeping things running smoothly when the regular teacher is out. They have to manage the classroom and make sure lessons keep moving forward without a hitch.

Implement Lesson Plans: Follow the lesson plans left by the regular teacher to meet the day’s learning goals.
Classroom Management: Keep the class respectful and orderly so everyone can focus and learn.
Supervise Students: Watch over students during class, lunch, and transitions to keep them safe.
Adapt to Different Environments: Be ready to teach any grade or subject and quickly adjust to new classrooms.
Communicate with School Staff: Stay in touch with administrators and other staff to understand policies and special instructions.
Record Keeping: Take attendance and note any important events or student work for the regular teacher.
Follow School Policies: Stick to all rules about confidentiality, safety, and reporting incidents.
Provide Feedback: Leave detailed notes about student progress and lesson completion for the regular teacher.
Professional Conduct: Be punctual, professional, and a positive role model for students at all times.

How flexible is a substitute teacher’s schedule in New Jersey?

Substitute teaching in New Jersey offers a unique kind of freedom that’s hard to find in many other jobs. You’re not locked into a rigid schedule or a single school, which means you can pick assignments that actually fit your life. Schools often notify substitutes through online systems or calls, sometimes just hours before the day starts, so you get to decide if the timing works for you. This makes it easy to balance other commitments like school, another job, or family.

There are limits on how many days you can work in one classroom to keep things fresh and flexible, but with different credential types, you have options to extend your time in certain roles. Plus, demand is steady enough that if you want to work more or less, you can usually find assignments that match your pace.

I spoke with a substitute teacher from New Jersey who graduated locally, and he shared how the schedule can be both a blessing and a bit of a juggling act. “Sometimes I get a call the night before or even the morning of—there’s this rush to decide if I can fit it in. It’s nerve-wracking but also kind of exciting,” he said. Managing last-minute notifications meant learning to stay flexible and organized, but it also gave him freedom to focus on his studies without a full-time commitment. “It’s not a nine-to-five grind, and that’s what makes it work for me.”

What are the benefits received by a substitute teacher in New Jersey?

Being a substitute teacher in New Jersey comes with some neat perks that make the job worth considering, especially if you want flexibility and valuable experience without a full-time commitment. Here’s a quick look at some key benefits:

Flexible Scheduling: You get to pick assignments that fit your life, perfect if you’re juggling other responsibilities or just want part-time work.
Diverse Classroom Experience: Working in different schools and grade levels helps you build a solid resume and understand various teaching styles.
Career Advancement: There are programs like ParaPreppED and master of education jobs that support substitutes aiming for full-time teaching by offering mentorship and exam prep.
Personal Fulfillment: Making a positive impact on students and supporting schools during teacher shortages can be really rewarding.
Job Availability: New Jersey often has a high demand for substitutes, which means more chances to work throughout the school year.

If you’re exploring career options with online bachelors degree in early childhood education, substitute teaching can be a great way to gain experience while keeping your schedule flexible and your future open.

Substitute teachers work 41 days per year on average.

What legal rights do substitute teachers have in New Jersey?

Substitute teachers in New Jersey have certain legal rights and limits that shape their work, but their job security is quite different from regular teachers. Here’s a quick rundown of what you need to know about your rights if you decide to substitute in the Garden State.

Assignment Duration Limits: You can’t teach in the same classroom for more than 20 days per school year unless you hold specific credentials, which extend the limit to 60 days in the same position.
Credential-Based Extensions: If you have a Certificate of Eligibility or an advanced version and work beyond 60 days, you must be paid like a regular teacher on a pro-rata basis.
No Workaround Allowed: Schools can’t dodge these rules by swapping substitutes repeatedly in the same vacancy.
Eligibility Requirements: Since late 2023, you need at least 30 college credits and must be 20 years or older to qualify for a substitute credential, though districts might ask for more.
At-Will Employment: Substitute teachers don’t get the same job protections as full-time teachers, meaning districts can end your assignment anytime unless you have a contract or union backing.
Legal Protections Limited: Recent rulings confirm that not renewing your substitute position usually isn’t considered illegal unless discrimination or other wrongdoing is involved.
Online Teaching Applies Too: All these rules count whether you teach in person or online, reflecting the state’s ongoing need for substitute coverage in all formats.

What are the career advancement opportunities for substitute teachers in New Jersey?

Starting as a substitute teacher in New Jersey can open up several doors for career advancement, especially if you’re aiming to transition from substitute to full-time teacher in New Jersey. Here are some common paths you might consider:

Becoming a Fully Certified Teacher: By earning your teaching certification, you can move into permanent classroom roles and enjoy more stability and benefits.
Participating in Apprenticeship Programs: Programs like ParaPreppED offer training and support to help substitutes gain the skills needed for full-time positions.
Specializing in a Subject or Grade Level: Gaining experience in specific areas can make you a valuable candidate for targeted teaching jobs.
Advancing Through Professional Development: Engaging in workshops and courses can boost your resume and readiness for full-time roles.

If you’re wondering whether to take your career further, it might help to explore if is getting a online doctorate degree in education worth it for your goals.

What do substitute teachers in New Jersey say about their careers?

Completing my substitute teacher certification at Newark Public Schools was a turning point in my career. The hands-on experience I gained helped me start working right away in a local school, where I quickly realized how fulfilling it is to support students’ daily learning journeys. The diversity of New Jersey’s classrooms offers unique challenges and opportunities that keep me engaged and growing professionally. I feel proud knowing that my role contributes to the community by providing stability and encouragement for young learners. This path has truly deepened my passion for education and my commitment to student success. - Jason

Starting as a substitute teacher in a local school after finishing the program at Camden County College gave me a solid foundation to explore various teaching methods and understand different student needs. The experience has been professionally enriching, allowing me to develop classroom management skills and adapt to New Jersey’s diverse cultural environment. I appreciate how this role pushes me to continually improve while making a meaningful impact on children’s lives. It’s rewarding to know that I’m helping shape young minds and contributing to a positive community atmosphere. - Chen

Graduating from Montclair State University’s substitute teacher program opened doors to a flexible and rewarding career path. Working in local schools across New Jersey has offered me the chance to connect with students from various backgrounds and bring fresh energy into the classroom. This job not only supports my professional growth but also nurtures my personal development as I embrace the challenges and rewards of teaching. I find joy in fostering a supportive environment that encourages students to thrive and feel valued every day. - Hannah

Other Things You Need to Know About Becoming a Substitute Teacher in New Jersey

Are online substitute teacher training programs in New Jersey legitimate?

When considering online substitute teacher training programs in New Jersey, legitimacy and recognition by the state’s education authorities are paramount. One of the most reputable options is the New Jersey Substitute Teacher Training Program offered by the New Jersey Department of Education in partnership with approved providers. This program meets state requirements and equips candidates with essential classroom management skills and legal knowledge specific to New Jersey.

Additionally, Substitute Teacher Training by Frontline Education is widely recognized nationwide and accepted by many New Jersey school districts. It offers comprehensive modules on instructional strategies and student engagement, making it a popular choice for aspiring substitutes seeking flexible and credible online training. Both programs emphasize practical skills and compliance with local regulations, ensuring participants are well-prepared to enter classrooms confidently.

Choosing these vetted programs helps candidates avoid unaccredited courses, which may not be accepted by school districts, thereby safeguarding the pathway to becoming a substitute teacher in New Jersey.

Is substitute teaching in New Jersey considered full-time employment?

In New Jersey, substitute teaching is generally not classified as full-time employment. Most substitute teachers work on an as-needed basis, filling in for absent teachers without having a guaranteed daily or weekly schedule. According to the New Jersey Department of Education, substitute teachers are typically hired per diem, meaning they receive payment only for the days they work, which limits consistent full-time hours.

Data from the New Jersey Education Association (NJEA) indicates that while some substitutes may work regularly, the lack of contract guarantees or benefits such as health insurance and retirement plans distinguishes this role from full-time teaching positions.

Furthermore, substitute teachers in New Jersey often earn between $100 and $150 per day, depending on the district, which is significantly less than the salary for full-time teachers. The absence of stable income and employment benefits means substitute teaching is usually considered part-time or temporary employment rather than full-time. For more detailed employment classifications, it is advisable to consult individual school districts or union contracts.

What skills do you gain as a substitute teacher in New Jersey?

As a substitute teacher in New Jersey, you gain a broad set of valuable skills that enhance your educational and professional profile. You develop strong classroom management abilities by maintaining order and fostering a productive learning environment across diverse settings. Adaptability is key, as you must quickly adjust to different grade levels, subjects, and school cultures. Communication skills improve through interactions with students, teachers, and administrators, enabling you to convey instructions clearly and build rapport.

Additionally, you enhance your problem-solving capabilities by responding to unexpected challenges during the school day. Time management skills are refined as you balance lesson delivery and student engagement within limited periods. Exposure to various teaching methods and curricula broadens your instructional techniques. Overall, substitute teaching cultivates flexibility, professionalism, and resilience, which are essential for a successful career in education or related fields.

Should you substitute teach before becoming a full-time teacher in New Jersey?

Yes, substituting before becoming a full-time teacher in New Jersey is generally beneficial. It provides practical classroom experience and insight into daily teaching responsibilities. Substitute teaching helps individuals understand diverse student needs and school environments. It also strengthens classroom management skills, which are crucial for full-time teaching roles.

Additionally, substitute teaching can build professional connections within school districts. These networks may support future job opportunities and mentorship. Many districts prefer hiring full-time teachers who have prior substitute experience due to their familiarity with school policies and culture.

However, substitute teaching should not be seen as a substitute for formal teacher certification. Candidates must still complete the necessary education and certification requirements to become licensed full-time educators in New Jersey. Overall, substitute teaching serves as a valuable stepping stone, offering hands-on experience while fulfilling certification prerequisites and career development.

References:

AllEducationSchools.com. (n.d.). Learn How to Earn a Teaching License in New Jersey. AllEducationSchools.com
Jennings, R. (2021). N.J. school district doubles substitute teacher pay to $250 a day. NJ.com
Kean University. (2025). Substitute Teaching License. KU
New Jersey Education Association. (2023). Substitute teacher requirements and service limits. NJEA
Newark Board of Education. (n.d.). Substitute Teacher Certification Process. NBE
Rutgers New Brunswick. (n.d.). Alternate Route Teacher Matthew's Journey From Subbing to Full Time Teaching. NJ Rutgers
Swing. (n.d.). How to become a substitute teacher in New Jersey. Swing
Zippia. (2025). Substitute Teacher demographics and statistics in the US. Zippia